Deck 3: An Introduction to Gene Function

Question 1

Which of the following is not considered part of a transcriptional unit?

A)5' UTR
B)3' UTR
C)introns
D)exons
E)none of the choices are correct.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which of the following is not present in eukaryotes?

A)aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase
B)Shine-Dalgarno sequence
C)peptidyl transferase
D)EF-Tu
E)EF-G

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A new mutant cell line was accidentally created in the lab.This mutant was found to be deficient in the enzyme aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.Which of the following would most likely be observed in this cell line?

A)No tRNA molecules would be present.
B)tRNA molecules would contain no anticodons.
C)Most tRNA molecules would not be charged with amino acids.
D)Protein synthesis would increase.
E)None of the choices are correct.

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following would result in a block of transcription of RNA?

A)ATP
B)dCTP
C)dGTP
D)dTTP
E)none of the choices are correct.

Question 5

The shape of most polypeptides is spherical or ___________.

Question 6

In an experiment conducted to test the messenger hypothesis,which states that messenger RNA carry the genetic information,35S was used instead of 32P.What is one possible outcome of this experiment?

A)The phage RNA would be label along the entire molecule.
B)No label would be found in the RNA.
C)The DNA of the host bacteria would be labeled.
D)The ribosomal RNA would be labeled.
E)All of the choices are possible outcomes.

Question 7

Which of the following is not required during the elongation phase of translation in bacteria?

A)EF-Tu
B)peptidyl transferease
C)GTP
D)70 S ribosome
E)ribonuclease

Question 8

The formation of a peptide bond can be classified as a

A)reduction reaction.
B)oxidation reaction.
C)condensation reaction.
D)redox reaction.
E)none of the choices are correct.

Question 9

Identify the amino acid in the following figure.

A)alanine
B)valine
C)glycine
D)leucine
E)serine

Question 10

Which of the following is prevalent in protein secondary structures?

A)ionic bonds
B)hydrogen bonds
C)disulfide bonds
D)hydrophobic interactions
E)all of the choices are correct.

Question 11

The messenger hypothesis states that

A)messenger RNAs are very stable and are not destroyed.
B)ribosomal RNAs carry the information for making proteins.
C)messenger RNAs carry genetic information to ribosomes.
D)new ribosome are made to transmit new genetic information.
E)None of the choices are correct.

Question 12

Predict the consequence of treating the 70S ribosomal with urea:

A)the RNA portion would be degraded.
B)the unit would be undisturbed.
C)the protein component would be degraded.
D)the unit would dissociate the RNA and protein components.
E)the treatment would lead to tighter association between RNA components.

Question 13

Which of the following can classified as a dehydration reaction?

A)phosphodiester bond formation in RNA
B)phosphodiester bond formation in rRNA
C)peptide bond formation
D)phosphodiester bond formation in mRNA
E)all of the choices are correct.

Question 14

The promoter sequence does not play a critical role in which of the following stages in transcription?

A)initiation
B)termination
C)elongation
D)polymerase binding
E)both elongation and termination

Question 15

Which of following codons would not be recognized by release factors during translation?

A)AUG
B)UAG
C)UAA
D)UGA
E)none of the choices are correct.

Question 16

The linear order of amino acids constitutes a protein's _____________structure.

Question 17

Which of the following is least likely to contribute to a shift in the reading frame in an mRNA molecule?

A)removal of one base
B)removal of two bases
C)removal of a three bases
D)removal of four bases
E)none of the choices are correct.

Question 18

In which of the following scenarios is a silent mutation least likely?

A)change in a sequence in the 5' UTR
B)change in a sequence the 3' UTR
C)change in a sequence in an exon
D)change in the sequence in the promoter
E)change in a sequence in an intron

Question 19

Which of the following features is common to DNA,RNA,and proteins?

A)They contain amino acids.
B)They contain nucleotides.
C)They contain uracil.
D)They are polymers.
E)They are found in vesicles.

Question 20

In liver cells,the production of compound (6 C)is blocked by a defect in the enzyme e3: Which of the following is the best way to restore the production of C6?

A)Reduce the level of C1.
B)Reduce the level of C3.
C)Treat cells by supplying e4.
D)Treat cells by supplying c4.
E)Block the formation of C5.

Question 21

Sickle cell mutation is caused by a change in the sixth codon of the nontemplate strand of DNA lead.

Question 22

The noncoding strand of a gene is the same as the antisense strand.

Question 23

The peptide bond is formed by the enzyme known as ____________ _____________.

Question 24

RNA polymerase links together nucleotides in the RNA molecule in the 3' to 5' direction,but reads the information in DNA in the 5' to 3' direction.

Question 25

In prokaryotes,the Shine Dalgarno sequence attracts ribosomes to the AUG site.

Question 26

The enzyme that directs transcription is called RNA ___________________.

Question 27

A segment of DNA is considered upstream when it is located on the 5' end of the start site.

Question 28

A gene can accept occasional changes or alterations to its sequence,which allows organisms to evolve.

Question 29

mRNA encodes a gene.

Question 30

An amino group,a carboxyl group,and a hydrogen are found in all amino acids.