Deck 1: A Brief History

Question 1

Which of the following would not be considered a mutation?

A)permanent replacement of guanine with thymine in a DNA strand
B)deletion of a gene segment
C)insertion of an intron in the middle of an exon
D)permanent replacement of cytosine with adenine
E)crossing over of two gene regions during meiosis

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Who conducted the X-ray diffraction studies of DNA?

A)Franklin and Wilkins
B)Miescher and McClintock
C)Watson and Crick
D)Meselson and Stahl
E)Avery and Beadle

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Crossing over between two homologous chromosomes occurs during _______.

Answer 3

meiosis

Question 4

During an experiment with drosophila,it was discovered that all females had red eyes.A conclusion based on this observation would be:

A)the gene for eye color is located on the X chromosome.
B)the eye color phonotype is sex-linked.
C)the females are homozygotes.
D)the gene for eye color is located on an autosome.
E)choices the gene for eye color is located on the X chromosome and the eye color phonotype is sex-linked are both correct.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is not true regarding genetic mapping?

A)Genes are arranged in a linear order on chromosomes.
B)Recombination occurs between chromosomes.
C)There is a mathematical relationship between the distance separating two genes and the recombination frequency.
D)Mapping is used to establish the location of genes relative to each other.
E)Mapping is used to determine the composition of a gene.

Question 6

The relationship between genes and enzymes was shown by

A)Watson and Crick.
B)Beadle and Tatum.
C)Avery and McLeod.
D)Morgan and Mendel.
E)Miescher and Stern.

Question 7

Which of the following was demonstrated by Frederick Griffith?

A)Nuclein was the possible genetic material.
B)A genetic trait can be transferred from one organism to another.
C)Genes are linked.
D)Crossing over occurs between chromosomes.
E)Protein is a major component of nuclein.

Question 8

Amino acids are specified by triplet bases called________________.

Question 9

The process of making RNA from DNA is called ________________.

Question 10

_____________ induced mutations by x-ray.

Question 11

Which of the following scientists provided definitive evidence for the chromosomal theory?

A)Mendel
B)Morgan
C)McClintock
D)Miescher
E)Avery

Question 12

The chromosomal theory of inheritance holds that

A)chromosomes vary in size.
B)the number of chromosomes vary in individuals.
C)chromosomes contain histone proteins.
D)genes are arranged in a linear order on chromosomes.
E)chromosomes condense during mitosis.

Question 13

Which of the following is true about wild-type organisms?

A)They are always found in the wild.
B)They are free of all mutations.
C)They are also referred to as standard-types.
D)They carry no recessive genes.
E)None of the choices is correct.

Question 14

Some genes located on the same chromosome do not show perfect linkage because

A)they are too close together.
B)they are interrupted by other genes.
C)crossover events occur between homologous.
D)some genes are deleted.
E)too many alleles are present.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a product of transcription?

A)RNA
B)DNA
C)rRNA
D)tRNA
E)mRNA

Question 16

Evidence that physical recombination occurs between two chromosomes was provided by

A)McClintock and Creighton.
B)Watson and Crick.
C)Avery,McLeod and McCarthy.
D)Hershey and Chase.
E)Miescher and Morgan.

Question 17

During translation,the genetic code in mRNA is "read" by ____________.

Question 18

Organisms are grouped into three domains called __________,___________,and _______________.

Question 19

The experimental system used to look at the relationship between genes and enzymes was _________________.

Question 20

The process of making a gene product is called__________ _____________.

Question 21

Semiconservative replication occurs because one original DNA strand acts as a template for the synthesis of a new strand.

Question 22

Offsprings of original parents are the second filial generation.

Question 23

The term phenotype refers to the whole set of observable characteristics of an organism.

Question 24

A dominant phenotype is one that is always observed.

Question 25

Mendel concluded from his work with the garden pea that inheritance is particulate.

Question 26

The alternate form of a gene is called an allele.

Question 27

Two genes that are very close together on a chromosome are more likely to undergo recombination.

Question 28

Heterozygotes have two copies of the same allele.

Question 29

A conclusion from Mendel's experiments was that inheritance was due to the blending of traits.