Deck 7: Examination of Coordination

Question 1

According to Bear et al,the highest level of the central elements of the motor system is concerned with strategy.What does this include?

A)The goal of the movement and the strategy to best achieve that goal
B)The correct sequence of the muscle contractions to achieve smooth movement
C)Activation of the motor neurons to generate and adjustment movement
D)Feedback through the sensory system to control posture during movement

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What is the correct definition of coordination?

A)The ability to integrate both visual and motor abilities to accomplish a goal
B)The ability to skillfully use the fingers during fine-motor tasks
C)The ability to rapidly and smoothly move while maintaining postural control
D)The ability to execute smooth controlled motor responses

Answer 2

D

Question 3

While examining the patient,the therapist notes that when asked to look to the left or right the patient has difficulty doing so,and the eyes move back and forth in a quick,rhythmic manner.What is the appropriate term to describe this impairment?

A)Dysmetria
B)Nystagmus
C)Dysdiadochokinesia
D)Dyssynergia

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The therapist observes that the patient has difficulty initiating gait and uses a shuffling gait pattern.What is the appropriate term to describe these functional limitations?

A)Bradykinesia
B)Athetosis
C)Dystonia
D)Hemiballismus

Question 5

While observing the patient eating in the dining room,the physical therapist notes that the patient has difficulty both reaching for a cup and bringing food to the mouth.The patient often does not reach out far enough to touch the cup and misses the mouth with the fork.After several attempts,the patient is often able to accomplish the task.What is the appropriate term to describe this functional limitation?

A)Dysmetria
B)Dyssynergia
C)Dysdiadochokinesia
D)Nystagmus

Question 6

What must the cerebellum do in order to perform its function as an error-correcting mechanism for motor performance?

A)Disregard any feedback that does not emerge from the central nervous system.
B)Evaluate sensory input from both the central and peripheral nervous system.
C)Determine if the sensory feedback is emerging from an appropriate source.
D)Disregard any feedback that does not emerge from the peripheral nervous system.

Question 7

The patient demonstrates difficulty performing rapid alternating movements such as alternating forearm pronation and supination.What is the appropriate term to describe this impairment?

A)Dysmetria
B)Dyssynergia
C)Dysdiadochokinesia
D)Hypotonia

Question 8

According to Bear et al,the middle level of the central elements of the motor system is concerned with strategy.What does this include?

A)The goal of the movement and the strategy to best achieve that goal
B)The correct sequence of the muscle contractions to achieve smooth movement
C)Activation of the motor neurons to generate and adjustment movement
D)Feedback through the sensory system to control posture during movement

Question 9

What is the correct definition of agility?

A)The ability to integrate both visual and motor abilities to accomplish a goal
B)The ability to skillfully use the fingers during fine-motor tasks
C)The ability to rapidly and smoothly move while maintaining postural control
D)The ability to execute smooth controlled motor responses

Question 10

Individuals with Parkinson's disease present with what common characteristics of basal ganglion pathology?

A)Rigidity and nystagmus
B)Ataxia and dystonia
C)Akinesia and bradykinesia
D)Dysmetria and chorea

Question 11

According to Bear et al,the lowest level of the central elements of the motor system is concerned with execution.What does this include?

A)The goal of the movement and the strategy to best achieve that goal
B)The correct sequence of the muscle contractions to achieve smooth movement
C)Activation of the motor neurons to generate and adjustment movement
D)Feedback through the sensory system to control posture during movement

Question 12

What does the theory that suggests that the cerebellum acts as a comparator and error-correcting mechanism say?

A)The cerebellum determines which neurons will fire in which sequence.
B)The cerebellum acts to transmit information to execute movement.
C)The cerebellum manages all sensory information transmitted from the periphery.
D)The cerebellum acts to compare actual movement with the intended movement.

Question 13

The physical therapist observes that when attempting to perform a reaching task,the patient presents with a tremor of the upper extremity.Damage to what area of the brain is most likely to cause this tremor?

A)Cerebral cortex area 4
B)Basal ganglia
C)Dorsal column
D)Cerebellum

Question 14

What would be an example of an open-looped system that uses a motor program?

A)Dancing
B)Walking
C)Playing tennis
D)Doing push-ups

Question 15

What is the correct definition of dexterity?

A)The ability to integrate both visual and motor abilities to accomplish a goal
B)The ability to skillfully use the fingers during fine-motor tasks
C)The ability to rapidly and smoothly move while maintaining postural control
D)The ability to execute smooth controlled motor responses

Question 16

A patient has difficulty during gait,presenting with an irregular stepping pattern with the lower extremities often moving forward in an uncoordinated manner,poor postural control,and upper extremities held away from the body.Damage to what area of the brain is most likely to cause this gait pattern?

A)Cerebral cortex area 4
B)Basal ganglia
C)Dorsal column
D)Cerebellum

Question 17

In a patient's medical record it indicates that the patient has a positive Romberg sign.What should the therapist expect to observe?

A)The patient will have difficulty initiating movement for gait and bed mobility.
B)The patient will be unable to maintain standing balance with feet together and eyes closed.
C)The patient will demonstrate increased resistance to passive range of motion.
D)The patient will be unable to alternately touch the index finger to the nose.

Question 18

What is a common compensation strategy for impaired gait secondary to dorsal column--medial lemniscal pathology and impaired proprioception?

A)The patient will look at the feet while walking.
B)The patient will increase the speed of gait.
C)The patient walks with a very narrow base of support.
D)The patient will close the eyes while walking.

Question 19

What types of impairments might be expected as individuals age that could impact coordinated movement?

A)Increased range of motion of the proximal joints causing instability
B)Decreased neural control of the descending tracts for motor function
C)Loss of memory and dementia causing inability to attend to tasks
D)Slowed reaction time especially in tasks involving speed and accuracy

Question 20

A patient exhibits slow,involuntary,writhing and twisting movements especially in the upper extremity.What is the appropriate term to describe this impairment?

A)Bradykinesia
B)Athetosis
C)Dystonia
D)Hemiballismus

Question 21

Which of the following would be an example of a nonequilibrium coordination test?

A)In sitting,the patient will bring the finger to the nose.
B)In sitting,the patient will perform a reaching task.
C)In standing,the patient will close eyes and maintain balance.
D)Walking with vertical and horizontal head turns.

Question 22

The ability to maintain a steady position in a weightbearing position,such as standing,is an example of what basic motor task requirement?

A)Mobility
B)Stability
C)Controlled mobility
D)Static dynamic control

Question 23

Initial movement within a functional pattern is an example of what basic motor task requirement?

A)Mobility
B)Stability
C)Controlled mobility
D)Static dynamic control

Question 24

The ability to change positions while maintaining postural stability,such as when moving from supine to sitting,is an example of what basic motor task requirement?

A)Mobility
B)Stability
C)Controlled mobility
D)Static dynamic control

Question 25

What is a purpose for screenings?

A)To rule out or differentiate specific system involvement
B)To establish a baseline to examine the effectiveness of interventions
C)To determine the need to document changes in status
D)To progress the patient from one intervention to the next