Deck 10: Higher Functions of the Nervous System

Question 1

Investigations of the differences between the left and right cerebral hemispheres have demonstrated all of the following except which of the following?

A)Speech is usually localized in the left hemisphere.
B)Each hemisphere receives sensory input from and has motor control of the opposite side of the body.
C)Lesions of Broca's area in the left hemisphere lead to an inability to understand spoken or written language.
D)The corpus callosum is the major route for information transfer between the hemispheres.
E)The right parietal cortex is more capable of spatial tasks.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The "critical period":

A)Is the transition between the awake and sleep states.
B)Is the transition between short-term and long-term memory.
C)Is a period of maximal developmental plasticity.
D)Is a period of changes in neural circuits that occur after the onset of blindness in adults.
E)Occurs only in mature individuals.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Brodmann's map of the cerebral cortex:

A)Is based on recordings of cortical evoked potentials.
B)Is based on regional variation of the cytoarchitecture of the cortical layers.
C)Has no correlation with functional organization.
D)Shows the regions numbered sequentially from frontal pole (area 1)to occipital pole (area 47).
E)Shows the regions numbered sequentially from left (area 1)to right (area 47).

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Klüver-Bucy syndrome does not include:

A)Visual agnosia
B)Hypersexuality
C)Hemineglect
D)Hyperorality
E)Changes in emotional behavior

Question 5

Rapid eye movement (REM)sleep can be distinguished from the other levels of sleep because it:

A)Is most common early in the night's sleep.
B)Occurs only once a night.
C)Is the deepest level of sleep.
D)Is associated with increased muscle tone in the limbs.
E)Produces an EEG pattern that resembles that of the alert awake state.

Question 6

Which of the following is an incorrect assignment of a lobe of the cerebral cortex and function?

A)Frontal lobe and motor control
B)Parietal lobe and olfactory perception
C)Occipital lobe and visual processing
D)Temporal lobe and auditory processing
E)Limbic lobe and memory

Question 7

Which of the following is not true about the electroencephalogram (EEG)?

A)The EEG is a field potential generated by the activity of large numbers of neurons.
B)During epileptic seizures,the EEG remains normal.
C)An evoked potential is a change in the EEG in response to a stimulus.
D)Alpha and beta EEG patterns are seen in awake individuals.
E)Slow EEG rhythms become prominent during drowsiness and sleep.

Question 8

Evidence for the existence of neural plasticity includes all of the following except:

A)The retention of procedural memory after lesions that result in loss of declarative memory (amnesia).
B)The appearance of distinct cortical regions for each digit after surgery for syndactyly.
C)The enlargement of adjacent cortical regions to encompass that of a removed digit.
D)The establishment of ocular dominance columns in the visual cortex during development.
E)The sensation of phantom limb pain after an amputation.

Question 9

In a patient who has undergone corpus callosotomy,the failure of interhemispheric transfer of information is best demonstrated by:

A)A task in which the patient uses both hands.
B)A task that requires eye-hand coordination while one eye is covered.
C)A task in which the patient is asked to identify an object placed to his or her left.
D)A task in which the patient is asked to identify an object only by touch with the left hand.
E)A task in which the patient is asked to identify an object only by touch with the right hand

Question 10

A patient with an inability to write or to generate meaningful speech,but can understand requests and make sounds,probably has a lesion in:

A)The left frontal lobe.
B)The right frontal lobe.
C)The left temporal lobe.
D)The right temporal lobe.
E)The left parietal lobe.