Deck 3: B: Biological Psychology

Question 1

A nerve impulse from one neuron affects the activity of a neighbouring neuron at a point of interaction called the

A)corpuscle.
B)synapse.
C)transmission cleft.
D)neuronal junction.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The short fibres that extend from the neurons allowing it to receive messages from other neurons are

A)axons.
B)dendrites.
C)nerve bundles.
D)synapses.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Axons

A)receive/detect neural impulses.
B)carry messages away from a cell body.
C)secrete chemicals to lubricate the cell body.
D)are found in the cell body.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Specialized cells in the brain that send and receive information are called

A)limbic cells.
B)neurons.
C)ganglia.
D)gonads.

Question 5

The part of the neuron that carries outgoing messages either to another neuron or to a muscle or gland is the

A)myelin sheath.
B)axon.
C)dendrite.
D)cell body.

Question 6

When a neural impulse reaches the end of an axon,it causes the tiny oval sacs at the end of the axon to release chemicals called

A)effectors.
B)neurotransmitters.
C)stimulants.
D)ions.

Question 7

A long structure leaving the cell body that the action potential travels along is called the

A)cell membrane.
B)dendrite.
C)axon.
D)myelin sheath.

Question 8

How does communication between neurons occur?

A)through graded potentials
B)through action potentials
C)through neurotransmitters
D)through axons

Question 9

Dendrites

A)may be up to a quarter of a mile long.
B)carry messages to cell bodies.
C)are primarily responsible for the hypothalamic functions of regulation and motivation of sexual functions.
D)are contained within the cell nucleus.

Question 10

What kinds of neurons are connected to receptor cells in the skin,muscles,and joints?

A)peripheral neurons
B)interneurons
C)sensory neurons
D)motor neurons

Question 11

Which neural structure is essentially a "little bag of molecules"?

A)synapse
B)synaptic vesicle
C)axon terminal
D)dendrite

Question 12

Most axon terminals contain a number of tiny oval sacs called

A)synaptic vesicles.
B)synaptic knobs.
C)neurotransmitters.
D)receptor sites.

Question 13

A young woman returns from a day at the beach to find she has developed a severe sunburn.Which neurons are sending the messages from her burned skin to her brain informing her of the pain from the burn?

A)sensory neurons
B)motor neurons
C)synaptic neurons
D)association neurons

Question 14

A synapse is most important in

A)separating the medulla from the hindbrain.
B)regulating the parasympathetic nervous system.
C)the process of transmitting messages between neurons.
D)connecting the basal ganglia.

Question 15

The cell that underlies the activity of the entire nervous system is the

A)transmitter cell.
B)amoeba.
C)neuron.
D)carcinoma.

Question 16

What number reflects the amount of differences in a population attributable to genetic influences?

A)concordance
B)heritability
C)eugenics index
D)correlation coefficient

Question 17

Eli has brown eyes and black hair.Which term best reflects these traits?

A)genotype
B)phenotype
C)genome
D)recessive

Question 18

The myelin sheath

A)is a fatty substance protecting the dendrites.
B)helps to speed up neural messages within the cell.
C)is found in all neurons.
D)protects the cell's vesicles.

Question 19

Which neurological disorder is caused by degeneration of the myelin sheath?

A)multiple sclerosis
B)cystic fibrosis
C)Parkinson's disease
D)Alzheimer's disease

Question 20

Neurons are

A)cells in the brain that are believed to help clean and feed brain cells.
B)cells that send and receive information.
C)bundles of nerves.
D)chemical transmitters found in the hypothalamus.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a part of the endocrine system?

A)thyroid
B)pons
C)pituitary
D)pancreas

Question 22

Calm is to aroused as __________ is to __________.

A)parasympathetic;sympathetic
B)autonomic;motor
C)sympathetic;parasympathetic
D)central;peripheral

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a function of the hypothalamus?

A)regulating eating
B)regulating sleeping
C)relaying sensory inputs to the higher centres in the brain
D)regulating the "restorative" functioning of the autonomic nervous system after an emergency has passed

Question 24

The endocrine system is to _________________ as the nervous system is to ________________.

A)glands;muscles
B)autonomic system;somatic system
C)hormones;neurotransmitters
D)hypothalamus;pituitary gland

Question 25

The thyroid and pituitary glands are parts of the _______ system.

A)gonad
B)endocrine
C)steroid
D)lymphatic

Question 26

Chemical substances released by the endocrine glands to help regulate bodily functions are

A)enzymes.
B)neurotransmitters.
C)antigens.
D)hormones.

Question 27

Endocrine glands are glands that secrete

A)excitatory neurotransmitters.
B)inhibitory neurotransmitters.
C)hormones.
D)enzymes.

Question 28

The part of the nervous system that allows the brain to regulate digestion,heart rate,and respiration without our conscious attention is the

A)autonomic nervous system.
B)central nervous system.
C)somatic nervous system.
D)spinal cord.

Question 29

Which of the following most directly controls bodily reflexes?

A)peripheral nervous system
B)brainstem
C)spinal cord
D)hindbrain

Question 30

The endocrine system is made up of

A)special centres that control our language functions.
B)neurons that transmit electrically charged messages.
C)glands that release hormones into the bloodstream.
D)none of the above

Question 31

The two major divisions of the central nervous system are

A)left and right hemispheres.
B)the brain and autonomic systems.
C)brain and spinal cord.
D)peripheral and autonomic systems.

Question 32

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for

A)controlling the skeletal muscles.
B)sending sensory input to the brain.
C)making choices and decisions.
D)the activity of internal organs and glands.

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT true of all neurotransmitters?

A)They are chemicals.
B)They are stored in synaptic vesicles.
C)They are released across the synaptic space.
D)They increase the likelihood that the next neuron will fire.

Question 34

Eating,drinking,sexual behaviour,temperature control,and sleeping are most strongly influenced by the

A)medulla.
B)cerebral cortex.
C)thalamus.
D)hypothalamus.

Question 35

The small gap between adjacent neurons is the

A)glia.
B)myelin sheath.
C)synaptic cleft.
D)terminal.

Question 36

The glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream are called

A)lymph glands.
B)exocrine glands.
C)hippocampal glands.
D)endocrine glands.

Question 37

All nerve cells and fibres that are NOT in the brain or spinal cord make up the __________ nervous system.

A)central
B)peripheral
C)autonomic
D)sympathetic

Question 38

The branch of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for quick action in an emergency is the __________ division.

A)central
B)secondary
C)sympathetic
D)parasympathetic

Question 39

One evening Betty was walking to the dorm from the gym when she was stopped by two men who demanded her money.Because she was a good athlete,Betty decided to make a run for it.Pretending to open her purse,she suddenly turned and dashed off.Although pursued,Betty outran her assailants.During this incident,which part of Betty's nervous system was most directly responsible for her successful escape?

A)midbrain
B)parasympathetic nervous system
C)forebrain
D)sympathetic nervous system

Question 40

The system that relays messages in the form of electrochemical impulses throughout the body is called

A)the arousal system.
B)the nervous system.
C)the limbic system.
D)the endocrine system.

Question 41

Damage to the medulla can seriously impair one's ability to

A)sing.
B)write.
C)breathe.
D)metabolize food.

Question 42

The medulla,pons,and cerebellum are all part of the

A)midbrain.
B)hindbrain.
C)spinal cord.
D)forebrain.

Question 43

The part of the brain that interprets visual information is the

A)occipital lobe.
B)temporal lobe.
C)parietal lobe.
D)frontal lobe.

Question 44

The part of the brain that helps process hearing and gives meaning to words is the

A)occipital lobe.
B)temporal lobe.
C)parietal lobe.
D)frontal lobe.

Question 45

Joey is about to eat his lunch.What part of Joey's brain is primarily responsible for helping him make the movements he needs to perform to eat his sandwich?

A)substantia nigra
B)basal ganglia
C)basal forebrain
D)thalamus

Question 46

The structure in the hindbrain that controls certain reflexes and coordinates the body's movements is the

A)medulla.
B)cerebellum.
C)pons.
D)reticular formation.

Question 47

The limbic system is responsible for

A)filtering incoming messages to the brain.
B)connecting the brain to most of the rest of the body.
C)fighting disease organisms that attempt to infect the brain.
D)controlling learning and emotional behaviour.

Question 48

If the limbic system were destroyed,which of the following structures would be damaged?

A)cerebellum and corpus callosum
B)cerebellum and amygdala
C)amygdala and hippocampus
D)hippocampus and corpus callosum

Question 49

Marlen suffered damage to his hippocampus.What is Marlen most likely to have difficulty with as a result?

A)expressing negative emotions
B)remembering previous experiences
C)controlling his voluntary movements on the right side
D)forming new memories

Question 50

The motor cortex is located in the _______ lobe of the brain.

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal

Question 51

When the sympathetic nervous system assumes control of the involuntary bodily processes during a stressful situation,which of the following changes is likely to occur?

A)digestion slows down
B)less blood is pumped to muscles
C)air passages become smaller
D)sweat glands are less active

Question 52

The motor impulses/commands associated with the muscular coordination and movements necessary for one to write originate in which lobe of the cerebral cortex?

A)temporal
B)parietal
C)occipital
D)frontal

Question 53

The parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions make up the

A)motor cortex.
B)endocrine system.
C)autonomic nervous system.
D)neocortex.

Question 54

The outer surface of the two cerebral hemispheres that regulate most complex behaviour is called the

A)cerebellum.
B)corpus callosum.
C)cerebral cortex.
D)substantia nigra.

Question 55

The somatosensory cortex is located in the _______ lobe of the brain.

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal

Question 56

The site of many mental processes that are unique to humans (self-awareness,initiative,planning ability,and goal-directed behaviour)is the

A)occipital lobe.
B)temporal lobe.
C)parietal lobe.
D)frontal lobe.

Question 57

The part of the brain that controls breathing,heartbeat,and posture is the

A)pituitary gland.
B)neocortex.
C)hypothalamus.
D)medulla.

Question 58

A brain tumour's growth has caused Dick's vision to suffer.Which lobe of the brain is being affected by the tumour's growth?

A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal

Question 59

The part of the brain that receives sensations of touch,balance,and bodily position and oversees spatial abilities is the

A)occipital lobe.
B)temporal lobe.
C)parietal lobe.
D)frontal lobe.

Question 60

The cerebellum

A)controls blood pressure.
B)is involved in emotional behaviour.
C)coordinates actions so that movements are efficient.
D)relays messages from the sensory receptors.

Question 61

The right cerebral hemisphere primarily controls

A)the right side of the body.
B)the left side of the body.
C)
C)speech and language.
D)a and

Question 62

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in language tasks?

A)the front hemisphere
B)the rear hemisphere
C)the left hemisphere
D)the right hemisphere

Question 63

"Split-brain" patients are patients who have had

A)a prefrontal lobotomy.
B)their cerebellum split in the middle.
C)their corpus callosum cut.
D)a fractured skull and bone fragments penetrated into the brain.

Question 64

Carmen,who is right-handed,sustained a head injury and is now unable to speak smoothly.Which brain structure was most likely injured?

A)Wernicke's area
B)Broca's area
C)the cerebellum
D)the thalamus

Question 65

A "split-brain" patient is asked to stare at a spot on a screen.When a picture of an object is shown to the left of the spot,the patient can

A)identify the object verbally and pick it out of a group of hidden objects using her right hand.
B)identify the object verbally and pick it out of a group of hidden objects using her left hand.
C)pick the object out of a group of hidden objects using her left hand,but cannot identify it verbally.
D)pick the object out of a group of hidden objects using her right hand,but cannot identify it verbally.

Question 66

The left cerebral hemisphere primarily controls

A)the right side of the body.
B)the left side of the body.
C)all motor functions.
D)spatial reasoning.

Question 67

The hemisphere of the brain that acts as an interpreter,helping us with sequencing and logic,is the

A)front hemisphere.
B)rear hemisphere.
C)left hemisphere.
D)right hemisphere.

Question 68

Which hemisphere of the cerebral cortex is usually dominant in spatial tasks?

A)the front hemisphere
B)the rear hemisphere
C)the left hemisphere
D)the right hemisphere

Question 69

Which of the following is NOT a lobe of the brain?

A)corpus callosum
B)frontal
C)occipital
D)parietal

Question 70

The area in the back of the temporal lobe that is important in our ability to listen and in processing and understanding what others are saying is

A)Korsakoff's area.
B)Wernicke's area.
C)Broca's area.
D)Sach's area.

Question 71

When Emily was a young child,a blood clot severely damaged her left cerebral hemisphere.Emily is now a successful college student who lives a normal life.Her success best illustrates the importance of

A)aphasia.
B)hemispherectomy.
C)tomography.
D)neuroplasticity.

Question 72

Assume that you are testing a split-brain human subject whose language centre is in his left hemisphere.If you place a house key into his left hand,he will

A)not be able to later select the object he was holding from a group of various objects.
B)not be able to tell you what object he is presently holding.
C)immediately be able to tell you what he is holding.
D)be able to tell you what he is presently holding if allowed to think about it for several seconds.

Question 73

The structure that connects the two hemispheres of the cerebral cortex is the

A)corpus callosum.
B)pineal gland.
C)pons.
D)reticular formation.