Deck 1: E: Introducing Psychological Science

Question 1

The belief that the unconscious mind has an influence on a person's behaviour is part of which early approach to psychology?

A)Structuralism
B)Functionalism
C)Psychoanalysis
D)Behaviourism

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Dr.Fernwood is a research psychologist.The main focus of her research is the use of psychological knowledge to find ways to reduce bullying in schools.Dr.Fernwood's research could be described as _________ psychology.

A)basic
B)forensic
C)applied
D)industrial/organizational

Answer 2

C

Question 3

How did physiologists and physicists,like Gustav Fechner,contribute to the development of psychology as a science?

A)They studied the relationship between the physical world and the mental representation of that world.
B)They demonstrated that the brain was responsible for consciousness.
C)They identified the physical properties and locations of specific functions within the brain.
D)They extended Darwin's theory of evolution to behaviour and cognitive abilities.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Why was the perspective followed by Wilhelm Wundt and his followers called structuralism?

A)They wanted to identify the major brain structures.
B)Their primary goal was to understand the physiology of the mind and its interaction with the physical world.
C)They focused their efforts on analyzing the elements of the nervous system.
D)Their primary focus was on describing the basic components of conscious experience.

Question 5

Psychology can be considered a collection of many related fields of study.What is one of the features that all of these fields have in common?

A)The use of the scientific method
B)The study of mental illness
C)The belief that the unconscious mind determines human behaviour
D)The use of introspection

Question 6

Psychology has been considered a science since

A)around 470 BCE.
B)the early 1600s.
C)the late 1800s.
D)the mid-1900s.

Question 7

The primary focus of social psychologists is

A)exploring the influence of others on an individual's behaviour.
B)investigating the nature and nurture relationship.
C)explaining how people,like Hitler,grow up.
D)studying how different personality characteristics can influence how we think and act.

Question 8

Dr.D'Arcy's research focuses on the relationship between activity in specific regions of the brain and decision-making.It is likely that Dr.D'Arcy is in the field of _____________.

A)biopsychology
B)cognitive psychology
C)industrial/organizational psychology
D)cognitive neuroscience

Question 9

You attend a lecture by a psychologist who uses terms such as free will and life's meaning.Which psychological perspective is most consistent with the points the psychologist presented?

A)Behaviourism
B)Humanistic psychology
C)Functionalism
D)Psychodynamics

Question 10

The investigation into the influence of environment and genetics on behaviour and mental processes is often referred to as the study of

A)the nature and nurture relationship.
B)eugenics.
C)Psychology.
D)Anthropology.

Question 11

The biopsychosocial model assumes that

A)behaviour can only be fully explained by combining multiple perspectives.
B)biological factors are more important than social factors in determining behaviour.
C)all living organisms form social groups based on their physical and psychological needs.
D)the simplest explanation for behaviour is usually the best.

Question 12

__________ are general principles or explanations,whereas __________ are specific predictions.

A)Theories;hypotheses
B)Hypotheses;theories
C)Theories;observations
D)Observations;theories

Question 13

___________ is the belief that knowledge comes through observation and experience.

A)Determinism
B)Parsimony
C)Skepticism
D)Empiricism

Question 14

Which of the following is true about the concept of scientific literacy?

A)Only trained scientists are considered scientifically literate.
B)Scientific literacy is the ability to answer basic science questions without looking up their answers.
C)Scientific literacy is the ability understand,analyze,and apply scientific information.
D)Knowledge of scientific terminology is the most important part of scientific literacy.

Question 15

Which school of psychology questioned whether psychologists should study the mind,which was thought to be unobservable?

A)Psychoanalysis
B)Behaviourism
C)Gestalt psychology
D)Humanism