Deck 7: Ethics

Question 1

Epictetus was concerned only with appearances.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The view that there is only one correct morality is

A) Ethical absolutism
B) Ethical egoism
C) Ethical relativism
D) Ethical moralism

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Hume believed that the end of all moral speculations was to teach us our duty.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Carol Gilligan believed that moral development for a woman was marked by progress towards more adequate ways of caring for herself and others.

Question 5

Who developed the categorical imperative?

A) Mill
B) Artistotle
C) Aquinas
D) Kant

Question 6

Epictetus was a

A) Stoic
B) Aristotelian
C) Epicurean
D) Platonist

Question 7

Ethics is the study of

A) Morality
B) Religion
C) Metaphysics
D) Efficacy

Question 8

A theory that measures the morality of an action by its consequences is a

A) Deontological theory
B) Pragmatic theory
C) Prudential theory
D) Consequentialist theory

Question 9

Aquinas defended the principle of double effect.

Question 10

John H. Newman believed that knowledge and virtue were the same.

Question 11

Epicurus was concerned with "sober thinking".

Question 12

Bentham was a utilitarian.

Question 13

Nel Noddings argues that

A) Care is superior to principles
B) Love is superior to rights
C) Duties are superior to caring
D) Ethics is culturally relative

Question 14

Plato discussed three active principles in each person: reason, spirit, and anger.

Question 15

The view that only pleasure is worth having for its own sake is

A) Hedonism
B) Consequentialism
C) Egoism
D) Deontology

Question 16

Donald Levy believes that sexual acts that cannot result in reproduction are wrong.

Question 17

Aristotle endorsed:

A) Deontological ethics
B) Virtue ethics
C) Consequentialist ethics
D) Divine command ethics

Question 18

Epicurus was a hedonist.

Question 19

Richard Taylor is

A) An act utilitarian
B) A rule utilitarian
C) An act deontologist
D) A rule deontologist

Question 20

Basic to the doctrines of Buddhism are the

A) Five Noble Truths
B) Four Noble Truths
C) Three Noble Commands
D) Six Noble Commands

Question 21

A consequentialist theory measures the morality of an action by its ____________________ consequences.

Question 22

____________________ consists of the standards that an individual or a group has about what is right and wrong.

Question 23

In what ways are ethical egoism and utilitarianism similar, and in what ways are they different? Which do you believe is the more persuasive of the two theories?

Question 24

Aristotle wrote that human beings can be happy only if they fulfill their basic human ____________________.
or

Question 25

Aristotle argued that true ____________________ is based on two people's mutual recognition of the goodness of the other.

Question 26

John Finnis endorses ____________________ ____________________ ethics.

Question 27

Do you believe that abortion is ever morally acceptable? If so, under what circumstances? If not, why not? In both cases you must justify your views. Do your views on the morality of abortion commit you to any position on the question of whether or not it should be legal? Explain your answer here.

Question 28

Would you walk away from Omelas? If you would, do you believe that you would thereby be partially to blame for the suffering that you left behind, if you did not attempt to stop it? Or could you coherently argue that you were not so responsible, on the grounds that holding you to be responsible for it would be to endorse an aspect of an ethical view (i.e., the lack of a distinction between acts and omissions) that you are rejecting by walking away?

Question 29

Bentham developed a(n) ____________________ calculus.

Question 30

____________________ is allowing someone or something else to decide the moral principles that one will follow.

Question 31

Carol Gilligan criticized the model of stages of moral development developed by ____________________.

Question 32

____________________ ____________________ denies the existence of a single, universally applicable moral standard.

Question 33

Do you believe that an Aristotelian virtue ethicist is committed to being concerned with the virtue of caring? If so, in what way would Aristotle's views need to be revised¾if at all? If not, explain why not.

Question 34

Do you believe that a theory of what makes an action right should also provide an account of why we should perform right actions? If you do not, explain what you think the purpose of moral theories is, if they are not intended to motivate persons to do the right thing. If you do think that moral theories should be prescriptive in this sense, choose either (a) Kantian deontology, or (b) utilitarianism, and asses how well their achieve this end.

Question 35

Kant's categorical imperative states that we should do something only if we are willing to have the maxim governing our action become ____________________ ____________________.