Concepts in Biology 14th Edition by David Bailey Eldon Enger, Enger, Frederick Ross

Exercise 5

All of the following are typical of territorial behavior EXCEPT
a. territorial behavior reserves resources for particular individuals or groups.
b. territorial behavior involves the use of signals to denote territorial boundaries.
c. territorial behavior is found only in higher animals, such as birds and mammals.
d. territorial behavior reduces conflict after territories are established.