Foundations in Microbiology 9th Edition by Kathleen Park Talaro, Barry Chess

Exercise 5

Critical thinking is the ability to reason and solve problems using facts and concepts. These questions can be approached from a number of angles, and in most cases, they do not have a single correct answer.
Observe figure 17.15 and make note of the several steps in the indirect ELISA test. What four essential events are necessary to develop a positive reaction (besides having antibody A)? Hint: What would happen without rinses?