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Essential Genetics 6th Edition by Daniel Hartl
Edition 6ISBN: 978-1449686482Essential Genetics 6th Edition by Daniel Hartl
Edition 6ISBN: 978-1449686482 Exercise 1
A polymer is made that has a random sequence consisting of 25 percent U's and 75 percent C's. Among the amino acids in the polypeptide chains resulting from in vitro translation, what is the expected frequency of Pro? Of Phe?
Explanation
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It is given that a polymer has a random sequence consisting of 25 percent Uracil and 75 percent Cytosine. In order to find the expected frequency of Proline (Pro) and Phenylalanine (Phe) in the translation product, the probability of occurrence needs to be determined.First, determine the expected frequency of Pro and Phe by looking at all possible codons that contain only Uracil and Cytosine, and encodes for the two amino acids.
For example, codon that contains only Uracil and Cytosine and encodes for Phe would be UUU, and UUC. Since it is given that the sequence contains 25 percent Uracil and 75 Percent Cytosine, the expected occurrence of Phen can be calculated by rules of probability.
For codon UUU, we can determine expected occurrence by multiplying the percentage of Uracil in the random sequence for each Uracil in the codon.
To find the expected occurrence of the other codon, UUC, we can apply the same rule of probability. Multiply the percentage of corresponding bases for each of its occurrence in the codon.
Since the individual expected occurrence of codons UUU and UUC is determined, the expected occurrences of both can be determined by adding the expected occurrences of each codon.
Thus, it is determined that expected frequency of amino acid Phe is 1/16
To find the expected frequency of Pro, the same steps should be applied. First, determine all codons that contain only Cytosine and Uracil that encodes for amino acid Pro. The only codons that contain only C and U that encode for Pro would be codons CCU, and CCC. The frequency of occurrence for each codon can be determine using laws of probability.
For expected frequency of codon CCU, Multiply the percentage of corresponding bases for each of its occurrence in the codon.
For the expected frequency of the other codon CCC, multiply the percentage of corresponding base for each of its occurrence in the codon.
Since the expected frequency of codon CCU and CCC has been determined, the expected frequency of Pro can be determined by adding the expected occurrences of each codon.
Thus, the expected frequency of Pro is 9/16 and expected frequency of Phe is 1/16
For example, codon that contains only Uracil and Cytosine and encodes for Phe would be UUU, and UUC. Since it is given that the sequence contains 25 percent Uracil and 75 Percent Cytosine, the expected occurrence of Phen can be calculated by rules of probability.
For codon UUU, we can determine expected occurrence by multiplying the percentage of Uracil in the random sequence for each Uracil in the codon.
To find the expected occurrence of the other codon, UUC, we can apply the same rule of probability. Multiply the percentage of corresponding bases for each of its occurrence in the codon. Since the individual expected occurrence of codons UUU and UUC is determined, the expected occurrences of both can be determined by adding the expected occurrences of each codon. Thus, it is determined that expected frequency of amino acid Phe is 1/16To find the expected frequency of Pro, the same steps should be applied. First, determine all codons that contain only Cytosine and Uracil that encodes for amino acid Pro. The only codons that contain only C and U that encode for Pro would be codons CCU, and CCC. The frequency of occurrence for each codon can be determine using laws of probability.
For expected frequency of codon CCU, Multiply the percentage of corresponding bases for each of its occurrence in the codon.
For the expected frequency of the other codon CCC, multiply the percentage of corresponding base for each of its occurrence in the codon. Since the expected frequency of codon CCU and CCC has been determined, the expected frequency of Pro can be determined by adding the expected occurrences of each codon. Thus, the expected frequency of Pro is 9/16 and expected frequency of Phe is 1/16
Essential Genetics 6th Edition by Daniel Hartl
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