Cornerstones of Cost Management 2nd Edition by Don Hansen ,Maryanne Mowen

Exercise 44

Activity-Based Life-Cycle Costing
Kagle design engineers are in the process of developing a new "green" product, one that will significantly reduce impact on the environment and yet still provide the desired customer functionality. Currently, two designs are being considered. The manager of Kagle has told the engineers that the cost for the new product cannot exceed $550 per unit (target cost). In the past, the Cost Accounting Department has given estimated costs using a unit-based system. At the request of the Engineering Department, Cost Accounting is providing both unit- and activity-based accounting information (made possible by a recent pilot study producing the activity-based data).
Unit-based system:
Variable conversion activity rate: $100 per direct labor hour Material usage rate: $20 per part
ABC system:
Labor usage: $15 per direct labor hour
Material usage (direct materials): $20 per part
Machining: $75 per machine hour
Purchasing activity: $150 per purchase order
Setup activity: $3,000 per setup hour
Warranty activity: $500 per returned unit (usually requires extensive rework)
Customer repair cost: $25 per repair hour (average)

Required:
1. Select the lower-cost design using unit-based costing. Are logistical and post-purchase activities considered in this analysis?
2. Select the lower-cost design using ABC analysis. Explain why the analysis differs from the unit-based analysis.
3. What if the post-purchase cost was an environmental contaminant and amounted to $10 per unit for Design A and $40 per unit for Design B? Assume that the environmental cost is borne by society. Now which is the better design?