Kozier & Erb's Fundamentals of Nursing 10th Edition by Shirlee Snyder,Audrey Berman,Geralyn Frandsen

Exercise 1

Shireena, an 8-year-old, comes to your clinic with her mother, com-plaining of pain in both ears for about 4 days. Although she has a history of recurrent ear infections as a child and had tympanostomy tubes placed 3 years ago, her mother says she has not had an ear infection for at least 2 years. Shireena participated in summer day camp last week, which involved swimming in a local lake. She says, "I didn't put my head under water. I know better than that!" The nurse practitioner diagnoses Shireena with acute external otitis media with swelling and exudate; she prescribes a topical antibiotic with cortico-steroid (otic drops) three times a day for 10 days. As the clinic nurse, you provide Shireena and her mother with health education.
According to Piaget, at what stage of cognitive development is Shireena?