Ecology 6th Edition by Manuel Molles

Exercise 18

Using Tscharntke's food web (1992) shown in figure 17.5, predict which species would be most affected if you excluded the bird at the top of the web, Parus caeruleus. What species would be affected less Assume that P. caeruleus is a keystone species in this community.

Figure 17.5 Food web associated with Phragmites australis (data from Tscharntke 1992).