Question 1

The absolute idealists refused to accept Kant's belief in an unknowable reality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Why doesn't Kant think that we can have knowledge of the things-in-themselves (das Ding-an-sich)?

Accepted Answer

A)   because they have not yet been experienced
B)   because they are not physical in nature
C)   because they are not mental in nature
D)   because the organizing principles of the mind do not apply to them D

Question 3

According to David Hume, what do we directly observe?

Accepted Answer

A)   physical objects
B)   sense impressions
C)   ourselves
D)   our brains B

Question 4

Hume discovered that he did not experience a cause actually producing an effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Copernicus argued that the mind imposes certain categories on the objects of experience and that this is what makes it possible to have knowledge of the world of experience.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true about Immanuel Kant?

Accepted Answer

A)   He argued that a stream of sensations could not qualify as experience unless the stream was unified and conceptualized by the mind as the experience of external objects.
B)   He held that the objective world is an unfolding or expression of infinite thought, and the individual mind is the vehicle of infinite thought reflecting on itself.
C)   He argued that reality, the Absolute, is not a group of independent particulars or states of affairs, but rather an integrated whole in which each proposition is logically connected with all the rest.
D)   He based psychoanalysis on the concept that human actions stem not from rationality but from unconscious drives and instincts in what he called the "id," or "it" part of the self.

Question 7

According to Hume, why can't we have knowledge on the relation of cause and effect?

Accepted Answer

A)   We can never observe a constant conjunction between events.
B)   We can never observe the cause and the effect at the same time.
C)   We can never observe a necessary connection between events.
D)   We can never observe the atoms that make up the cause and the effect of events.

Question 8

According to Immanuel Kant, perception is the:

Accepted Answer

A)   same as sense impressions.
B)   organizing principle of the mind.
C)   application of the organizing principles of the mind to sense impressions.
D)   direct awareness of noumenal objects.

Question 9

According to Hegel, the highest reality (the absolute) is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   the entire material world
B)   a God who exists beyond the world
C)   an infinite thought thinking of itself
D)   a vast group of independent particulars

Question 10

Schopenhauer believed humans are rational in their actions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

According to Schopenhauer, the will structures the phenomenal world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

According to David Hume, the self is a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   sequence of perceptions
B)   immaterial, unchanging substance
C)   physical body
D)   social entity

Question 13

According to Immanuel Kant, the world being "noumenal" means the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   world as it is in itself, independent of our experiences
B)   world as it is presented to us through our experiences
C)   world of mind
D)   world of matter

Question 14

David Hume wrote the Critique of Pure Reason.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

According to the philosophy of Absolute Idealism, what is the relationship between "being real" and "being knowable"?

Accepted Answer

A)   No reality is knowable.
B)   All reality is knowable.
C)   Some reality is knowable and some aren't.
D)   Only God is ultimately unknowable.

Question 16

From the perspective of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, the cosmos and its history are the concrete expressions of thought.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

According to David Hume, why can't past experience justify claims about the future?

Accepted Answer

A)   Our knowledge of past experience depends on memory, which cannot be known to be accurate.
B)   Tricky question! Hume does think that past experience can justify claims about the future.
C)   Because we can never know if we are the same person as the person we seem to remember being, past experience cannot be a guide to claims about our future.
D)   We can never know whether or not the future will be like the past.

Question 18

For Hegel, nothing is completely real or true except the sum total of reality, the Absolute.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Arguments that attempt to establish something as a necessary precondition of the possibility of experience are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   wax arguments
B)   paradigm case arguments
C)   third man arguments
D)   transcendental arguments

Exam 7: The Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries

The absolute idealists refused to accept Kant's belief in an unknowable reality.

Why doesn't Kant think that we can have knowledge of the things-in-themselves (das Ding-an-sich) ?

According to David Hume, what do we directly observe?

Hume discovered that he did not experience a cause actually producing an effect.

Copernicus argued that the mind imposes certain categories on the objects of experience and that this is what makes it possible to have knowledge of the world of experience.

Which of the following statements is true about Immanuel Kant?

According to Hume, why can't we have knowledge on the relation of cause and effect?

According to Immanuel Kant, perception is the:

According to Hegel, the highest reality (the absolute) is _____.

Schopenhauer believed humans are rational in their actions.

According to Schopenhauer, the will structures the phenomenal world.

According to David Hume, the self is a(n) _____.

According to Immanuel Kant, the world being "noumenal" means the _____.

David Hume wrote the Critique of Pure Reason.

According to the philosophy of Absolute Idealism, what is the relationship between "being real" and "being knowable"?

From the perspective of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, the cosmos and its history are the concrete expressions of thought.

According to David Hume, why can't past experience justify claims about the future?

For Hegel, nothing is completely real or true except the sum total of reality, the Absolute.

Arguments that attempt to establish something as a necessary precondition of the possibility of experience are called _____.