The Patient Is to Have Thoracentesis at the Bedside but Tells

Multiple Choice

The patient is to have thoracentesis at the bedside but tells the nurse that he is afraid and would like to cancel.The nurse sits with the patient and asks him to describe his fears.She then explains the procedure and assures the patient that she will be with him during the procedure.The patient agrees to have the procedure,and during the procedure,the nurse stays with the patient,explaining each step and providing encouragement.How has the nurse helped this patient?

A) Providing a presence
B) Listening
C) Providing touch
D) Providing family care