Question 1

Explain why women's "emotionality" is rooted in a sociocultural context.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain why women's "emotionality" is rooted in...

Question 2

In feminist theory and political movements, the similarities tradition stems from

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural feminism. 
B)  liberal feminism. 
C)  radical feminism. 
D)  socialist feminism.

Question 3

What approaches have been suggested by feminist researchers as alternatives to document gender-related differences?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What approaches have been suggested by feminist...

Question 4

The Japanese proverb "the nail that sticks up gets hammered down" means that

Accepted Answer

A)  people should not stand out or be different from everyone else. 
B)  the Japanese do not like sloppy workmanship. 
C)  those people who stand up for what they believe in will get what they need in life. 
D)  you might get hit if you disagree with someone in Japan.

Question 5

Briefly describe the process of meta-analysis and explain its advantages and disadvantages. Is meta-analysis a value-free methodology? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe the process of meta-analysis and...

Question 6

The right to get angry and show it is one kind of

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination. 
B)  congruence. 
C)  social power. 
D)  oppression.

Question 7

Describe the three theories that have been used in the past to support the notion that females are cognitively inferior to males. Discuss the flaws in each theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the three theories that have been...

Question 8

Identify a true statement about meta-analysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  It allows conclusions about the causes of gender differences. 
B)  It eliminates the possibility of an overlooked source of bias common to previous studies. 
C)  It allows researchers to estimate the size of a gender-related difference. 
D)  It wholly compensates for the biases in original studies and ensures objective interpretation.

Question 9

When the effects of two or more variables are mixed and it becomes impossible to decide which variable is causing experimental effects, it leads to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  stereotyping 
B)  self-objectification 
C)  autonomy 
D)  confounding

Question 10

The frequency distribution in the image given above suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  men are more variable than women. 
B)  there is more overlap than difference between the sexes. 
C)  mean differences are more important than average differences. 
D)  the concept of statistical significance is meaningless.

Question 11

In classrooms where gender interacts with race, ________ get the most attention and ________ get the least attention.

Accepted Answer

A)  White boys; minority boys 
B)  White boys and minority boys; White girls 
C)  White boys; minority girls 
D)  White boys; White girls

Question 12

A variable that interacts with another variable to change its effect is called a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  criterion variable 
B)  moderator variable 
C)  confounding variable 
D)  independent variable

Question 13

Men in the American culture are likely to learn that expressing ________ is an acceptable and effective way to control others.

Accepted Answer

A)  envy 
B)  depression 
C)  anger 
D)  surprise

Question 14

In the context of math performance, which of the following best illustrates stereotype threat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women stereotype their own math abilities. 
B)  The fear of confirming the stereotype that women are bad at math may negatively impact women's math performance. 
C)  Boys and men stereotype girls and women more than girls and women do. 
D)  None of these answers is correct.

Question 15

Which of the following helps children learn what it means to experience an emotion, what others expect them to perceive, and how they are supposed to recognize emotions in others?

Accepted Answer

A)  feeling rules 
B)  display rules 
C)  the differences tradition 
D)  the similarities tradition

Question 16

In the context of gendering cognition, which of the following statements is true of girls?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are less likely than boys to make the honor roll. 
B)  They are less likely than boys to take honors and AP classes. 
C)  They are more likely than boys to repeat a grade. 
D)  They are more likely than boys to be elected to a class office.

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true of cultures that encourage the development of an independent self?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals are required to maintain relationships by fitting in with others. 
B)  The task of each individual is to fulfill his or her potential and become an autonomous person. 
C)  Individuals are expected to prioritize group goals over individual goals. 
D)  Men and women are expected to stay in their proper place in relationships while building reciprocal relationships.

Question 18

In feminist theory and political movements, the difference tradition stems from

Accepted Answer

A)  radical feminism. 
B)  liberal feminism. 
C)  cultural feminism. 
D)  socialist feminism.

Question 19

Which of the following situations does NOT indicate a sexist bias in classrooms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Girls are praised for their appearances, while boys are praised for their performances. 
B)  Girls are exposed to more sexual harassment than boys. 
C)  Girls are not exposed to as many math-enriched experiences as boys. 
D)  Girls are more likely to be punished for wrong answers than are boys.

Question 20

When the Virginia Military Institute and South Carolina's Citadel went to court to prove that women should not be permitted admission, they claimed that psychological research had proven women to be weaker, more emotional, and unable to compete with men. Feminist psychologists protested that

Accepted Answer

A)  the witnesses had utilized research that was nearly a century old. 
B)  although differences were true, women should still be given a chance at the taxpayer-supported school. 
C)  witnesses had misrepresented and misused psychological research on gender differences. 
D)  women should operate at these schools using a "handicap," as golfers do.

Exam 4: The Meanings of Difference