Question 1

Tryon's experiments on selective breeding of rats to increase their maze-learning ability was related to

Accepted Answer

A) evocative genotype/environment correlation. 
B) concordance data. 
C) in vitro fertilization. 
D) positive eugenics.

Question 2

Introversion/extroversion is a dimension of personality that refers to

Accepted Answer

A) the extent to which a person is shy around others vs. outgoing. 
B) the extent to which an individual is able to express his or her internal thoughts. 
C) the degree of empathy to which an individual is prone. 
D) the extent to which an individual is likely to be aggressive.

Question 3

____ traits are those for which the phenotype typically can display many continuous variations rather than appearing in an all-or-none fashion.

Accepted Answer

A) Polygenic 
B) Mendelian 
C) Genetically counseled 
D) Genetically imprinted

Question 4

The function of the body's germ cells is to

Accepted Answer

A) communicate messages over long distances. 
B) generate either sperm or ova for reproduction. 
C) attack and kill bacteria that invade the cell. 
D) produce hormones that are dumped into the bloodstream.

Question 5

Bonnie Beanpole's relatives are tall. She is now 6'4" and towers over her high school classmates. Bonnie seeks the company of tall men in the basketball club. This shows a(n) ____ genotype/environment correlation.

Accepted Answer

A) active (niche-building) 
B) negative eugenic 
C) passive 
D) evocative

Question 6

Which of these is the correct size sequence of genetic materials, ordered from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

A) Chromosome :: DNA :: gene 
B) Chromosome :: gene :: DNA 
C) DNA :: gene :: chromosome 
D) Gene :: chromosome :: DNA

Question 7

Which of these presents the correct movement path sequence of the ovum/zygote, from earliest to last?

Accepted Answer

A) Fallopian tube :: ovary :: uterus 
B) Ovary :: fallopian tube :: uterus 
C) Uterus :: fallopian tube :: ovary 
D) Uterus :: ovary :: fallopian tube

Question 8

The reaction range for a hereditary trait is like

Accepted Answer

A) taking the most direct route when driving to a given destination. 
B) a software disk that can be read on only one type of computer. 
C) the recorded message on a telephone answering machine that is always heard in the same way. 
D) the various range of sizes to which a rubber band might be stretched.

Question 9

Nonshared environmental influences are

Accepted Answer

A) universals, such as the content of TV cartoon shows. 
B) experiences that are uniquely personalized for each child. 
C) factors that cannot be sensed or detected. 
D) phenotypic expressions of canalized genotypes.

Question 10

MITOSIS is to MEIOSIS as is to .

Accepted Answer

A) NATURE::NURTURE 
B) QUANTITATIVE::QUALITATIVE 
C) ACTIVE::PASSIVE 
D) HOLISTIC::PIECEMEAL

Question 11

The greatest ethical controversy about treatments for hereditary disorders concerns the possible misuse of

Accepted Answer

A) germline gene therapy. 
B) gene replacement therapy. 
C) fetal surgery. 
D) genetic counseling.

Question 12

Siblings who ____ share all the same genes.

Accepted Answer

A) have the same biological parents 
B) have experienced similar nurturant care 
C) developed from the same zygote 
D) are exactly the same age

Question 13

"Development happens predictably while the child ages, when genetically planned abilities unfold." This is a statement of ____ theory.

Accepted Answer

A) Vygotsky's sociocultural 
B) information-processing 
C) Skinner's behavioral 
D) Gesell's maturational

Question 14

Bonzo is shy because he was born with a third eye that is easily noticed. Bonzo is assertive and bold on the Internet because no one sees his third eye. This illustrates a(n) ____ genotype/environment correlation.

Accepted Answer

A) recessive 
B) active (niche-building) 
C) evocative 
D) passive

Question 15

What are gametes?

Accepted Answer

A) Chromosomal defects that prevent mitosis 
B) Aphrodisiacs (love potions) 
C) Medical personnel who deliver babies 
D) Female ova or male sperm

Question 16

Nature's principle for genetic sexual identity is,

Accepted Answer

A) "In the absence of any sex chromosome, develop as a girl." 
B) "In the absence of a Y-chromosome, develop as a girl." 
C) "If the cell has just 23 single chromosomes, develop as a boy." 
D) "If the cell lacks any sex chromosomes, develop as a boy."

Question 17

Briefly discuss the hereditary disorder of phenylketonuria (PKU).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly discuss the hereditary disorder of phenylketonuria...

Question 18

Extreme theoretical positions on the heredity vs. environment (nature/nurture) controversy

Accepted Answer

A) were more popular in the past than today. 
B) are more popular today than in the past. 
C) today are considered to have been unnecessarily complex. 
D) overemphasized the interaction of factors.

Question 19

The heritability coefficient is LOW if the correlation for

Accepted Answer

A) fraternal twins is weak, whereas the correlation for identical twins is strong. 
B) fraternal twins is equal to the correlation for parent/child. 
C) fraternal twins is equal to the correlation for identical twins. 
D) fraternal twins is equal to the correlation for siblings who were born separately.

Question 20

In males, the sex chromosomes consist of

Accepted Answer

A) one X chromosome. 
B) two Y chromosomes. 
C) two X chromosomes. 
D) one X and one Y chromosome.

Exam 2: Hereditary Influences on Development