While Crossing the Road, Richard Gets Distracted by the Ring

Multiple Choice

While crossing the road, Richard gets distracted by the ring of his cell phone. Some seconds later, he becomes aware that a bike is heading straight toward him. In an attempt to avoid the bike, he moves to his right. He trips and injures his right knee. Which of the following is most likely responsible for Richard's reaction to the bike?

A) Orientation reflex
B) Just noticeable difference
C) Positive reinforcer
D) Selective distortion