Question 1

Quality control can be monitored by using:

Accepted Answer

A)   Levey-Jennings charts.
B)   Westgard rules.
C)   bar graph information.
D)   both a and b. D

Question 2

If a violation of Westgard rules occurs,the correct action is:

Accepted Answer

A)   accept the results if only a warning is violated.
B)   reject the results when a mandatory rule is violated.
C)   increase the retesting range if either a warning or a mandatory rule is violated.
D)   all of the above. D

Question 3

Nonanalytical factors in quality assessment include:

Accepted Answer

A)   qualified personnel.
B)   established laboratory policies.
C)   quality control charts.
D)   both a and b. D

Question 4

Match the type of error with the appropriate example.
-chronic shortage of qualified laboratory staff

Accepted Answer

A)  active error
B)  latent error

Question 5

Match the type of error with the appropriate example.
-failing to properly identify a patient prior to venipuncture

Accepted Answer

A)  active error
B)  latent error

Question 6

ISO 15189 is based on:

Accepted Answer

A)   ISO/IEC 17025.
B)   ISO 9001.
C)   CAP 15189.
D)   both a and b.

Question 7

Quality assessment programs include:

Accepted Answer

A)   patient identification.
B)   specimen procurement.
C)   specimen transportation and processing procedures.
D)   all of the above.

Question 8

Match the term with the correct description.
-shift

Accepted Answer

A)  a gradual change in the control sample results
B)  a sudden and sustained change in one direction in control sample values
C)  when random error or lack of precision increases

Question 9

For testing of moderate complexity,quality control requires:

Accepted Answer

A)   using fresh reagent daily.
B)   performing control procedures monthly.
C)   performing control procedures using at least two levels of control material each day of testing.
D)   both a and c.

Question 10

Sources of variance or error include:

Accepted Answer

A)   age of a specimen.
B)   procedural factors.
C)   physical activity level of a patient.
D)   all of the above.

Question 11

Sensitivity is defined as the:

Accepted Answer

A)   proportion of cases with a specific disease or condition that give a positive test result.
B)   proportion of cases with absence of the specific disease or condition that gives a negative test result.
C)   proportion of a population that has the disease.
D)   number of patients with a normal test result who do not have the disease.

Question 12

Match the term with the correct description.
-dispersion

Accepted Answer

A)  a gradual change in the control sample results
B)  a sudden and sustained change in one direction in control sample values
C)  when random error or lack of precision increases

Question 13

One way to determine a control range for a particular analysis is to:

Accepted Answer

A)   assay an aliquot of the control serum with the regular batch of assays for 15 to 25 days.
B)   treat a control sample exactly like an unknown specimen.
C)   estimate the most reasonable value.
D)   do both a and b.

Question 14

An example of a preanalytical error is:

Accepted Answer

A)   specimen obtained from a wrong patient.
B)   lack of frequent preventive maintenance.
C)   reporting of laboratory results by phone.
D)   poorly trained phlebotomists.

Question 15

Required regulation of clinical laboratories is achieved by the:

Accepted Answer

A)   Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988.
B)   The Joint Commission (TJ
C)  .
C)   College of American Pathologists (CAP) .
D)   American Hospital Association (AH
A)  .

Question 16

Accuracy describes:

Accepted Answer

A)   how close a test result is to the true value.
B)   comparison of an instrument measure or reading to a known physical constant.
C)   how close the test results are to one another when repeated analyses of the same material are performed.
D)   the purity of a substance.

Question 17

Lean principles of management focus on:

Accepted Answer

A)   reduction of unnecessary activities.
B)   describe personnel qualifications.
C)   measure reduction in variability.
D)   stress flow of ideas from top to bottom.

Question 18

ISO 15189 monitors requirements such as:

Accepted Answer

A)   personnel.
B)   documents.
C)   laboratory equipment.
D)   all of the above.

Question 19

A control specimen should be:

Accepted Answer

A)   carried through the entire test procedure.
B)   treated exactly in the same way as any patient's specimen.
C)   assayed at least once a week.
D)   both a and b.

Question 20

Match the term with the correct description.
-trend or drift

Accepted Answer

A)  a gradual change in the control sample results
B)  a sudden and sustained change in one direction in control sample values
C)  when random error or lack of precision increases

Exam 3: Quality Assessment and Quality Control in the Clinical Laboratory

Quality control can be monitored by using:

If a violation of Westgard rules occurs,the correct action is:

Nonanalytical factors in quality assessment include:

Match the type of error with the appropriate example. -chronic shortage of qualified laboratory staff

Match the type of error with the appropriate example. -failing to properly identify a patient prior to venipuncture

ISO 15189 is based on:

Quality assessment programs include:

Match the term with the correct description. -shift

For testing of moderate complexity,quality control requires:

Sources of variance or error include:

Sensitivity is defined as the:

Match the term with the correct description. -dispersion

One way to determine a control range for a particular analysis is to:

An example of a preanalytical error is:

Required regulation of clinical laboratories is achieved by the:

Accuracy describes:

Lean principles of management focus on:

ISO 15189 monitors requirements such as:

A control specimen should be:

Match the term with the correct description. -trend or drift