Question 1

From what environment were Archaea first isolated?

Accepted Answer

A) from salt lakes 
B) from Mars 
C) from freshwater lakes 
D) from a human patient

Question 2

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which number identifies a structure that aids in attachment?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 8

Question 3

Suppose you perform a Gram stain of a mixed culture of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells, and afterwards you realize that you omitted the iodine step. What would you expect to see if you observed the slide under the microscope?

Accepted Answer

A) colourless Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
B) purple Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
C) pink Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
D) colourless Gram-positive and colourless Gram-negative cells

Question 4

What mechanism of reproduction is most common in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) sexual reproduction: binary fission 
B) asexual reproduction: binary fission 
C) asexual reproduction: budding 
D) sexual reproduction: meiosis

Question 5

Which organisms contain branched membrane lipids with ether linkages?

Accepted Answer

A) Eukarya 
B) Mercaria 
C) Archaea 
D) Bacteria

Question 6

Which category includes the cyanobacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) chemoautotrophs 
B) photoheterotrophs 
C) photoautotrophs 
D) chemoheterotrophs

Question 7

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which number identifies a structure that is composed of polysaccharides?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 3 
C) 6 
D) 9

Question 8

Which bacteria produce the botulism toxin?

Accepted Answer

A) Clostridium 
B) Salmonella 
C) Escherichia 
D) Staphylococcus

Question 9

What are lipopolysaccharides associated with?

Accepted Answer

A) the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria 
B) the plasma membrane of Gram-positive bacteria 
C) the plasma membrane of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 
D) the plasma membrane of Gram-negative bacteria

Question 10

What are the three domains of life?

Accepted Answer

A) animals, plants, and microorganisms 
B) Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, and Eukaryota 
C) Prokaryota, Eukaryota, and Protoctista 
D) Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya

Question 11

Spirilli are Gram-negative bacteria that possess internal flagella, which cause the entire cell to twist in a corkscrew pattern.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What is the correct sequence of the reagents in the Gram stain technique?

Accepted Answer

A) safranin, crystal violet, alcohol, iodine 
B) alcohol, iodine, crystal violet, safranin 
C) crystal violet, iodine, alcohol, safranin 
D) iodine, alcohol, safranin, crystal violet

Question 13

What is the composition of the genome of prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) a single linear DNA molecule 
B) a single circular DNA molecule 
C) many linear DNA molecules 
D) a single DNA molecule that may be circular or linear

Question 14

What is the approximate number of distinct evolutionary branches in the domain Archaea, as revealed by genome sequencing studies?

Accepted Answer

A) 3 to 4 
B) 9 to 10 
C) at least 12 
D) at least 20

Question 15

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which numbers identify structures that are found in all prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 and 5 
B) 2 and 4 
C) 5 and 9 
D) 7 and 8

Question 16

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which number identifies the structure that carries out protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 5 
D) 9

Question 17

Where is DNA found in prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A) only in the nucleolus 
B) only in plasmids 
C) in the nucleolus and plasmids 
D) in the nucleoid and plasmids

Question 18

-In the figure of a phylogenetic tree, which branch identifies Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

A) branch A 
B) branch C 
C) branch D 
D) branch E

Question 19

-In the figure of a bacterial cell, which type of cell is represented?

Accepted Answer

A) a Gram-positive bacterium 
B) any prokaryotic cell 
C) an archaeal cell 
D) a Gram-negative bacterium

Question 20

Which term refers to a bacterial protein that causes disease only after the cell has been disrupted?

Accepted Answer

A) endospore 
B) heterocyst 
C) endotoxin 
D) exotoxin

Exam 22: Bacteria and Archaea