Deck 9: Interviews: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches

Question 1

Qualitative interviewing is time intensive and can be expensive.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Index is a shorthand representation of some more complex set of issues or ideas.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

An interview guide is usually more rigid than an interview schedule.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

In-depth interviews are applicable in cases where data needs to be collected from a large group.

Question 5

Quantitative interviews usually contain closed-ended questions.

Question 6

In-depth interviews are semi-structured meetings between a researcher and respondent in which the researcher asks a series of open-ended questions.

Question 7

Coding involves identifying themes across interview data by reading and re-reading interview transcripts until the researcher has a clear idea about what sorts of themes come up across the interviews.

Question 8

Focused coding is the first stage of developing codes in qualitative data.

Question 9

The format of a standardized interview resembles a survey-styled question and answer format.

Question 10

Analysis is the process of identifying the average response to an interval or ratio level question.

Question 11

Rapport is the sense of connection you establish with a participant.

Question 12

Open-ended questions are questions that require respondents to answer in their own words.

Question 13

Quantitative interviewers aim is to pose every question and answer option in the very same way to every respondent in order to minimize interviewer effect.

Question 14

Quantitative interviews are also called survey interviews.

Question 15

An interview guide is a document containing the list of questions and answer options that quantitative interviewers read to respondents.

Question 16

A filter is a request for more information.

Question 17

Transcribing interviews is usually the first step toward analyzing quantitative interview data.

Question 18

When beginning to construct an interview guide,brainstorming is usually the first step.

Question 19

Quantitative interviewers are usually more concerned with gathering data from a small,minority sample.

Question 20

When multiple respondents participate in an interview at the same time,this is referred to as a focus group.

Question 21

_____ are a good method of data collection to know about what people actually do,rather than what they say they do.

A)Phone interviews
B)Surveys
C)Censuses
D)Observations
E)Archived records

Question 22

When multiple respondents participate in an interview at the same time,it is referred to as a(n):

A)filter question.
B)matrix question.
C)simple dichotomous question.
D)nominal level of measure.
E)focus group.

Question 23

A(n)_____ is a method of data collection that involves two or more people exchanging information through a series of questions and answers.

A)interview
B)archived record
C)code book
D)covariate analysis
E)univariate analysis

Question 24

_____ is the first stage of developing codes in qualitative data.It involves reading data with an open mind and jotting down themes or categories that various bits of data seem to suggest.

A)Analog coding
B)Channel coding
C)Focused coding
D)Closed coding
E)Open coding

Question 25

An interview based research is especially useful if:

A)you wish to gather information that just covers the surface of the topic.
B)you seldom anticipate wanting to ask respondents for more information about their responses.
C)you plan to ask questions that rarely require lengthy explanation.
D)the topic you are studying is simple to understand.
E)your topic involves studying processes.

Question 26

The first step towards analyzing qualitative interview data is _____.

A)brainstorming
B)group thinking
C)open coding
D)transcribing
E)focused coding

Question 27

Qualitative interviews:

A)are also called standardized interviews.
B)makes use of an interview schedule is used to guide the researcher.
C)are used to gather data from a large,representative sample.
D)usually involve coding responses.
E)are also called intensive interviews.

Question 28

A code:

A)is a shorthand representation of some more complex set of issues or ideas.
B)is a type of measure that contains several indicators and is used to summarize some more general concept.
C)is a measure of central tendency that identifies the average response to an interval- or ratio-level question; found by adding the value of all responses on a single variable and dividing by the total number of responses to that question.
D)is a measure of central tendency that identifies the most common response given to a question.
E)is a measure of central tendency that identifies the middle point in a distribution of responses.

Question 29

An open-ended question is:

A)a question type that lists a set of questions for which the answer categories are different.
B)a survey question for which the researcher provides respondents with a limited set of clear response options.
C)a question for which a researcher does not provide answer options.
D)a question type that lists a set of questions for which the answer categories are all the same.
E)a question that contains two possible response options.

Question 30

To construct an interview guide,_____ is usually the first step.

A)brainstorming
B)group thinking
C)coding
D)transcribing
E)transcription

Question 31

A(n)_____ is a semi-structured meeting between a researcher and respondent in which the researcher asks a series of open-ended questions.

A)in-depth interview
B)closed-ended survey
C)covariance
D)census
E)archived record

Question 32

Which of the following differentiates surveys from interviews?

A)Surveys are quantitative,while interviews are qualitative.
B)Interview questions and answer options are read to respondents,while respondents in surveys complete a questionnaire on their own.
C)Interviews contain closed-ended questions,while surveys use open-ended questions.
D)Surveys use the method of coding to analyze data,while interviews use the method of transcribing to analyze data.
E)Surveys are suited for small unique samples,while interviews are used for large representative samples.

Question 33

A question that require respondents to answer in their own words is called a(n)_____.

A)open-ended question
B)matrix question
C)closed-ended question
D)simple dichotomy question
E)fixed-alternative question

Question 34

Open coding:

A)is used to analyze quantitative data.
B)involves reading through each transcript and making a note of categories or themes.
C)involves collapsing or narrowing themes and categories.
D)is a later stage of developing codes in qualitative data.
E)involves identifying themes and categories before classifying and condensing them.

Question 35

Mary has been conducting personal interviews for the past month but has not been able to collect enough information.The nature of the information collected is repetitive in nature.She then arranges for a(n)_____ as it is an excellent way to gather information because topics or questions that hadn't occurred to the researcher may be brought up by this method.

A)survey
B)census
C)observation
D)structured interview
E)focus group

Question 36

_____ is the best way to gather detailed information.

A)Survey
B)Census
C)Archived records
D)Standardized interviews
E)Intensive interviews

Question 37

A(n)_____ is a qualitative method of data collection where questions may be posed to respondents in slightly different ways or orders.

A)census
B)covariance
C)univariate analysis
D)in-depth interview
E)archived record

Question 38

A list of topics or questions that an interviewer hopes to cover during the course of an interview is known as a(n)_____.

A)interview contingency table.
B)interview guide
C)interview codebook
D)interview questionnaire
E)interview schedule

Question 39

In _____ interviews,the primary aim is to hear from respondents about what they think is important about the topic at hand and to hear it in their own words.

A)quantitative
B)standardized
C)in-depth
D)simple dichotomous
E)evaluative

Question 40

Analysis:

A)is the process of arriving at some inferences,lessons,or conclusions by condensing large amounts of data into relatively smaller bits of understandable information.
B)is a list of topics or questions that an interviewer hopes to cover during the course of an interview.
C)is the process for creating a contingency table
D)is a measure of central tendency that identifies the average response to an interval- or ratio-level question; found by adding the value of all responses on a single variable and dividing by the total number of responses to that question.
E)is a measure of central tendency that identifies the most common response given to a question.

Question 41

How is qualitative interview data analyzed?

Question 42

Phone interviews generate more _____ than in-person interviews.

A)floaters
B)fence-sitters
C)loyalists
D)filters
E)observers

Question 43

What are interviews and when are they used?

Question 44

Haley was carrying out research on the societal impact of divorce on children.For this she interviewed Brooke who grew up with a single parent.During the interview Haley found that there wasn't a sense of connection between Brooke and herself which reflected in the restrictive responses of Brooke.This is a case of:

A)power imbalance
B)demographic bias
C)nonresponse bias
D)poor researcher-respondent relationship
E)location based problem

Question 45

_____ occurs after open coding and involves collapsing or narrowing themes and categories identified in open coding,succinctly naming them,describing them,and identifying passages of data that represent them.

A)Analog coding
B)Channel coding
C)Focused coding
D)Ambiguous coding
E)Digital coding

Question 46

_____ occurs when an interviewee is influenced by how or when questions and answer options are presented by a researcher.

A)Interviewee effect
B)Interviewer effect
C)Response bias
D)Social desirability bias
E)Sampling bias

Question 47

_____ is the sense of connection that a researcher establishes with a participant.

A)Social desirability
B)Sampling frame
C)Periodicity
D)Rapport
E)Mirroring

Question 48

A request,on the part of an interviewer,for more information from an interview participant is known as a(n)_____.

A)probe
B)filter
C)floater
D)covariance
E)matrix

Question 49

Mark wanted to interview Samantha for his research on the use of cosmetics.They both agreed to meet at a coffee shop for this interview.Five minutes into the interview Mark found Samantha was distracted by the noise in the coffee shop.During the time of analysis,he found the recording of the interview to be unclear and distorted.This scenario signifies that while interviewing _____ is important.

A)power play
B)respondent's demographic characteristic
C)researcher-respondent relationship
D)location
E)subject matter

Question 50

Standardized interviews are:

A)interviews during which the same questions are asked of every participant in the same way and format.
B)meetings between a researcher and respondent in which the researcher poses questions in different formats.
C)aimed at hearing from respondents about what they think is important about the topic at hand and to hear it in their own words.
D)aimed at identifying themes and categories before classifying and condensing them.
E)those that use interview guides to collect information from small,unique samples.

Question 51

Dan was interviewing Nathan for the university magazine.During the course of the interview Dan observed,that Nathan digressed from the interview topic.Dan had to make additional efforts to indirectly remind Nathan that he was "in-charge".This situation reflects a conflict in _____ that occurs during the interview process.

A)power
B)respondent's demographics
C)location
D)interviewer's questions
E)subject matter

Question 52

What are the strengths and weaknesses of qualitative interviews?

Question 53

Describe how qualitative interviews are conducted.

Question 54

Write a note on conducting quantitative interviews.

Question 55

Telephonic interviews are a form of _____.

A)in-depth interviews
B)standardized interviews
C)intensive interviews
D)exploratory interviews
E)experimental interviews

Question 56

The aim to pose every question and answer option in the very same way to every respondent is to minimize _____.

A)interviewee effect
B)interviewer effect
C)non-response bias
D)sampling bias
E)response bias

Question 57

Doris was conducting a research on the careers of high school athletes.She decided to meet at Stuart's house for an interview,as he was the sports coordinator at the neighborhood high school.On arrival she noticed that most of the walls of his house were covered with posters of political powers with strong messages.During the interview she found herself to be distracted by these posters and wasn't as attentive as she should have been.This scenario signifies the importance of _____ in interviews.

A)power play
B)respondent's demographics
C)location
D)researcher-respondent relationship
E)subject matter

Question 58

_____ occurs when an interviewer demonstrates that she or he understands what an interview participant has said.It usually requires probes and/or follow-up questions that indicate such understanding.

A)Discriminative listening
B)Appreciative listening
C)Active listening
D)Empathetic listening
E)Passive listening

Question 59

Researchers revealing aspects of their identity and/or sharing stories in an interview is way of overcoming _____.

A)demographic biases
B)location biases
C)power imbalances
D)nonresponse biases
E)geographical barriers

Question 60

A(n)_____ is a document containing the list of questions and answer options that quantitative interviewers read to respondents.

A)interview contingency table
B)interview guide
C)interview codebook
D)interview transcribe
E)interview schedule

Question 61

_____ is a list of topics or questions that an interviewer hopes to cover during the course of an interview.

Question 62

_____ are questions that require respondents to answer in their own words.

Question 63

How is quantitative interview data analyzed?

Question 64

What are the strengths and weaknesses of quantitative interviews?

Question 65

_____ occurs when an interviewee is influenced by how or when questions and answer options are presented by an interviewer.

Question 66

Discuss the researcher-respondent relationship in the interview process.

Question 67

What is the role of location while conducting an interview?

Question 68

Discuss the role of power in interviews.

Question 69

_____ occurs when an interviewer demonstrates that s/he understands what an interview participant has said.It requires probes and/or follow-up questions that indicate such understanding.

Question 70

_____ is a shorthand representation of some more complex set of issues or ideas.