Deck 8: Inheritance, Genes, and Chromosomes

Question 1

Different forms of a gene are called

A) traits.
B) phenotypes.
C) genotypes.
D) alleles.
E) characters.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A pea plant with red flowers is test crossed,and one-half of the resulting progeny have red flowers,while the other half has white flowers.Therefore,the genotype of the test-crossed parent was

A) RR.
B) Rr.
C) rr.
D) either RR or Rr.
E) either Rr or rr.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which statement about an individual that is homozygous for an allele is false?

A) Each of its cells possesses two copies of that allele.
B) Each of its gametes contains one copy of that allele.
C) It is true-breeding with respect to that allele.
D) Its parents were necessarily homozygous for that allele.
E) It can pass that allele to its offspring.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Use the following to answer questions :
In a species of tortoise,foot size (big or small)is controlled by one gene,while shell shape (round or lumpy)is controlled by another gene.Suppose that a big-footed lumpy-shelled tortoise mates with a small-footed round-shelled tortoise.Eight offspring result: four big-footed round-shelled tortoises and four small-footed round-shelled tortoises.(Assume that the parents are not necessarily homozygous for each allele. )
Which statement about the inheritance of footedness in tortoises is most likely to be correct,given your genetic analysis of the tortoise family?

A) Big is dominant to small.
B) Small is dominant to big.
C) Big and small are codominant.
D) Footedness is an example of blended inheritance.
E) This cannot be answered without more information.

Question 5

At a certain locus of the human genome,200 different alleles exist in the population.Each person has at most _______ allele(s).

A) 1
B) 2
C) 100
D) 200
E) 400

Question 6

Which statement best explains the fundamental difference between the theory of blending inheritance and the theory of particulate inheritance?

A) Genes remain stable across generations according to the theory of blending inheritance,but not according to particulate inheritance.
B) Genes remain stable across generations according to the theory of particulate inheritance,but not according to blending inheritance.
C) Gametes fuse during fertilization according to the theory of blending inheritance,but not according to particulate inheritance.
D) Gametes fuse during fertilization according to the theory of particulate inheritance,but not according to blending inheritance.
E) The theory of blending inheritance applies to diploid organisms,whereas the theory of particulate inheritance applies to haploid organisms.

Question 7

Mendel's crossing of round-seeded pea plants with wrinkled-seeded pea plants resulted in progeny that all had round seeds.This indicates that the wrinkled-seed trait is

A) codominant.
B) dominant.
C) recessive.
D) rare.
E) abnormal.

Question 8

Which statement about the disease hemophilia is true?

A) It affects the daughters of carriers.
B) In an affected individual who has been injured,a clot forms within minutes and stops the bleeding.
C) It is not inherited but occurs randomly in a population.
D) It is caused by absence of a specific protein crucial for blood clot formation.
E) It is inherited solely from the father.

Question 9

Which method was not used by Mendel in his study of the genetics of the garden pea?

A) Maintenance of true-breeding lines
B) Cross-pollination
C) Chromosomal mapping
D) Production of hybrid plants
E) Quantitative analysis of results

Question 10

A number of characteristics of the common garden pea made it suitable for Mendel's breeding experiments.Which of the following is not one of those characteristics?

A) It is "true-breeding."
B) Self-fertilization can be controlled.
C) It can reproduce asexually.
D) It is easily cultivated.
E) It can be manually fertilized.

Question 11

The physical appearance of an organism is called

A) the phenotype.
B) the genotype.
C) an allele.
D) a trait.
E) a gene.

Question 12

Use the following to answer questions :
In a species of tortoise,foot size (big or small)is controlled by one gene,while shell shape (round or lumpy)is controlled by another gene.Suppose that a big-footed lumpy-shelled tortoise mates with a small-footed round-shelled tortoise.Eight offspring result: four big-footed round-shelled tortoises and four small-footed round-shelled tortoises.(Assume that the parents are not necessarily homozygous for each allele. )
If big feet (B)in tortoises is dominant to small feet (b),what is the genotype of the big-footed parent with respect to the foot gene?

A) bb
B) BB
C) Bb
D) Either bb or BB
E) Either bb and Bb

Question 13

If a trait that is not expressed in the F₁ generation reappears in the F₂ generation,the inheritance of the trait in question is an example of

A) codominance.
B) dominance and recessiveness.
C) incomplete dominance.
D) epistasis.
E) a test cross.

Question 14

Mendel concluded that each pea has two units for each character,and each gamete contains one unit.Mendel's "unit" is now referred to as a(n)

A) gene.
B) character.
C) phenotype.
D) genotype.
E) trait.

Question 15

If two strains of true-breeding plants that have different alleles for a certain character are crossed,their progeny are called

A) the F₁ generation.
B) the P generation.
C) the F₂ generation.
D) F₁ crosses.
E) F₂ progeny.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a characteristic that makes an organism suitable for genetic studies?

A) Nonvariable traits
B) A short generation time
C) Ease of cultivation
D) The ability to control crosses
E) Variable traits

Question 17

The parents of individuals in the F₂ generation are members of the _______ generation.

A) P
B) F₁
C) F₂
D) F₃
E) M

Question 18

If Mendel had performed experiments on cattle rather than on peas,the patterns of inheritance would not have been easily detectable,because cattle

A) reproduce asexually.
B) have small numbers of offspring.
C) do not have observable phenotypes.
D) do not have genotypes.
E) do not have autosomes.

Question 19

In a simple Mendelian monohybrid cross,true-breeding tall plants are crossed with short plants,and the F₁ plants,which are all tall,are allowed to self-pollinate.What fraction of the F₂ generation will be both tall and heterozygous?

A) ¹/₈
B) ¹/₄
C) ¹/₃
D) ²/₃
E) ¹/₂

Question 20

Use the following to answer questions :
In a species of tortoise,foot size (big or small)is controlled by one gene,while shell shape (round or lumpy)is controlled by another gene.Suppose that a big-footed lumpy-shelled tortoise mates with a small-footed round-shelled tortoise.Eight offspring result: four big-footed round-shelled tortoises and four small-footed round-shelled tortoises.(Assume that the parents are not necessarily homozygous for each allele. )
Which statement about the inheritance of shell shape in tortoises is most likely to be correct,given your genetic analysis of the tortoise family?

A) Lumpy is dominant to round.
B) Round is dominant to lumpy.
C) Round and lumpy are codominant.
D) Shell shape is an example of blending inheritance.
E) This cannot be answered without more information.

Question 21

Genetic mutations are not

A) rare.
B) stable.
C) inherited changes in DNA.
D) the process by which alleles can change to become different alleles.
E) always deleterious.

Question 22

Classical albinism results from a recessive allele.What is the expected ratio for the progeny when a normally pigmented male with an albino father has children with an albino woman?

A) 3/4 normal,1/4 albino
B) 3/4 albino,1/4 normal
C) 1/2 normal,1/2 albino
D) All normal
E) All albino

Question 23

Segregation of alleles occurs

A) during gamete formation.
B) at fertilization.
C) during mitosis.
D) during the random combination of gametes to produce the F₂ generation.
E) only in monohybrid crosses.

Question 24

In garden peas,the allele for tall plants is dominant over the allele for short plants.A true-breeding tall plant is crossed with a short plant,and one of their offspring is test crossed.Out of 20 offspring resulting from the test cross,about _______ should be tall.

A) 0
B) 5
C) 10
D) 15
E) 20

Question 25

The particular allele of a gene that is present in most individuals in nature is referred to as

A) dominant.
B) recessive.
C) epistatic.
D) wild type.
E) polymorphic.

Question 26

In mice,short hair is dominant to long hair.If a short-haired individual is crossed with a long-haired individual and both long- and short-haired offspring result,one can conclude that

A) the short-haired parent is homozygous.
B) the short-haired parent is heterozygous.
C) the long-haired parent is heterozygous.
D) both parents are homozygous.
E) This cannot be answered without more information.

Question 27

Use the following to answer questions :
In dogs,phenotype A (erect ears and barking while following a scent)is caused by dominant alleles;phenotype B (droopy ears and silent while following a scent)is caused by recessive alleles.A dog that is homozygous for both traits of phenotype A is mated to a dog with phenotype B.
If the genes for the two traits are unlinked,and the F₁ generation is crossed,what is the expected phenotypic ratio of the F₂ generation?

A) 9:3:3:1 (A:erect silent:droopy barking:B)
B) 1:1 (A:B)
C) 1:0 (A:B)
D) 1:2:1 (A:erect silent:B)
E) 4:1 (A:B)

Question 28

The genotype of an organism that expresses a dominant trait can be determined by

A) crossing the organism with a homozygous dominant organism.
B) crossing the organism with a heterozygous dominant organism.
C) observing the phenotype of the progeny from any cross.
D) crossing the organism with a homozygous recessive organism.
E) observing the genotype of the progeny from any cross.

Question 29

Which statement about a test cross is false?

A) It tests whether an unknown individual is homozygous or heterozygous.
B) The test individual is crossed with a homozygous recessive individual.
C) If the test individual is heterozygous,the progeny will have a 1:1 ratio.
D) If the test individual is homozygous,the progeny will have a 3:1 ratio.
E) Test cross results are consistent with Mendel's model of inheritance for unlinked genes.

Question 30

One of the major contributions of Mendel to the study of genetics was

A) the use of a quantitative approach to analyze data.
B) a complete description of the process of meiosis.
C) the observation that phenotypes are affected by the environment.
D) the discovery that dominance is always complete.
E) the finding that heritable traits combine or blend together.

Question 31

Which statement about Mendelian genetics is false?

A) Alternative forms of genes are called alleles.
B) A locus is a gene's location on its chromosome.
C) In any population,only two alleles can exist for a given gene.
D) A genotype is a description of an individual's alleles.
E) Individuals with the same phenotype can have different genotypes.

Question 32

In cocker spaniels,black color (B)is dominant over red (b),and solid color (S)is dominant over spotted (s).If the genes are unlinked,and the offspring of BBss and bbss individuals are mated with each other,what fraction of the next generation will be black and spotted?

A) ¹/₁₆
B) ⁹/₁₆
C) ¹/₉
D) ³/₁₆
E) ³/₄

Question 33

Mendel performed a cross between individuals heterozygous for three different traits: green versus yellow seeds (green is dominant),red versus white flowers (red is dominant),and green versus yellow pods (green is dominant).What fraction of the offspring would have been expected to have green seeds,red flowers,and green pods?

A) ²⁷/₆₄
B) ¹²/₆₄
C) ⁹/₆₄
D) ⁶/₆₄
E) ³/₆₄

Question 34

Which statement about a dihybrid cross is true?

A) It results in a genotypic ratio of 2:1.
B) It involves genes located on the sex chromosomes.
C) It results in offspring of lower quality than that of the parents.
D) It results in two different phenotypes in the F₂ generation.
E) It is a cross between identical double heterozygotes.

Question 35

Mendel's dihybrid crosses using peas that differed in seed characters did not

A) result in four different phenotypes.
B) involve two different characters.
C) lead to the formation of the law of independent assortment.
D) involve unlinked genes.
E) reveal that genes encoding seed characters are linked.

Question 36

Separation of the alleles of a single gene into different gametes is called

A) synapsis.
B) segregation.
C) independent assortment.
D) heterozygous separation.
E) recombination.

Question 37

A particular genetic cross in which the individual in question is crossed with an individual known to be homozygous for a recessive trait is referred to as a

A) parental cross.
B) dihybrid cross.
C) filial generation mating.
D) reciprocal cross.
E) test cross.

Question 38

In humans,a widow's peak is caused by a dominant allele (W),and a continuous hairline is caused by a recessive allele (w).Short fingers are caused by a dominant allele (S),and long fingers are caused by a recessive allele (s).Suppose a woman with a continuous hairline and short fingers and a man with a widow's peak and long fingers have three children.One child has short fingers and a widow's peak,one has long fingers and a widow's peak,and one has long fingers and a continuous hairline.What are the genotypes of the parents?

A) Female wwSS,male WWss
B) Female wwSs,male Wwss
C) Female wwSs,male WWss
D) Female WwSs,male WwSs
E) Female WWSs,male wwss.

Question 39

Use the following to answer questions :
In dogs,phenotype A (erect ears and barking while following a scent)is caused by dominant alleles;phenotype B (droopy ears and silent while following a scent)is caused by recessive alleles.A dog that is homozygous for both traits of phenotype A is mated to a dog with phenotype B.
If the genes for the two traits are unlinked,what is the expected F₁ phenotypic ratio?

A) 9:3:3:1 (A:erect silent:droopy barking:B)
B) 1:1 (A:B)
C) 1:0 (A:B)
D) 1:2:1 (A:erect silent:B)
E) 4:1 (A:B)

Question 40

In a(n)_______ cross,genes for two different characters separate.

A) monohybrid
B) dihybrid
C) trihybrid
D) F₁
E) F₂

Question 41

Use the following to answer questions :
Agouti is a type of coat color pattern in mouse that cannot be expressed in albinos (white mice).Nonalbino mice without the dominant agouti allele (AAbb and Aabb)are black.An agouti mouse that is heterozygous at the albino (A)and agouti (B)loci (AaBb)is mated to an albino mouse that is heterozygous at the agouti locus (aaBb).
What percent of the progeny are likely to be albino?

A) 0 percent
B) 12.5 percent
C) 37.5 percent
D) 50 percent
E) 100 percent

Question 42

Use the following to answer questions :
Suppose members of a true-breeding strain of salamanders with yellow stripes are crossed with a true-breeding strain with red stripes.Red and yellow are two alleles of the same gene.The resulting offspring have both yellow stripes and red stripes.
What pattern would you expect in the F₂ generation?

A) Half will have yellow stripes,and half will have red stripes.
B) Half will have both yellow and red stripes,one-quarter will have just yellow stripes,and one-quarter will have just red stripes.
C) One-third will have both yellow and red stripes,one-third will have just yellow stripes,and one-third will have just red stripes.
D) Half will have both yellow and red stripes,and half will be stripeless.
E) One-quarter will have both yellow and red stripes,half will have just yellow stripes,and one-quarter will have just red stripes.

Question 43

In Netherlands dwarf rabbits,a gene showing intermediate inheritance produces three phenotypes.Rabbits that are homozygous for one allele are small;individuals that are homozygous for the other allele are deformed and die;heterozygous individuals are dwarf.If two dwarf rabbits are mated,what proportion of their surviving offspring should be dwarf?

A) ¹/₄
B) ¹/₃
C) ¹/₂
D) ²/₃
E) ³/₄

Question 44

The site on the chromosome occupied by a gene is called a(n)

A) allele.
B) region.
C) locus.
D) type.
E) phenotype.

Question 45

The complete phenotype of an organism is dependent on

A) genotype.
B) penetrance.
C) expressivity.
D) environment.
E) All of the above

Question 46

Use the following to answer questions :
Suppose members of a true-breeding strain of salamanders with yellow stripes are crossed with a true-breeding strain with red stripes.Red and yellow are two alleles of the same gene.The resulting offspring have both yellow stripes and red stripes.
Which dominance pattern is most consistent with the observations?

A) Red stripes are dominant to yellow stripes.
B) Yellow stripes are dominant to red stripes.
C) Red and yellow stripes exhibit incomplete dominance.
D) Red and yellow stripes exhibit overdominance.
E) Red and yellow stripes exhibit codominance.

Question 47

If Mendel's crosses between pea plants with round yellow seeds and pea plants with wrinkled green seeds had produced an F₂ generation in which many more than one-sixteenth of the plants had wrinkled green seeds,the conclusion would have been that

A) the round and yellow traits are linked.
B) the wrinkled and green traits are unlinked.
C) all traits in peas assort independently.
D) all traits in peas are linked.
E) the green allele is dominant.

Question 48

Commercial chicken breeders will cross two different breeds of chickens (e.g. ,White Rocks and White Cornish)to create a fast growing chicken that is larger than either of the parental breeds.This result is best explained by the phenomenon of

A) true breeding.
B) incomplete dominance.
C) hybrid vigor.
D) expressivity.
E) blending inheritance.

Question 49

In a species of wild lupine flower,the smooth seed allele (S)is completely dominant over the wrinkled seed allele (s).If the alleles for height are incompletely dominant,such that TT is tall,Tt is intermediate,and tt is short,what will result from crossing a smooth-seeded short (SStt)plant with a wrinkled-seeded tall (ssTT)plant?

A) One-half of the progeny will be smooth-seeded and intermediate in height;one-half will be smooth-seeded and tall.
B) All of the progeny will be smooth-seeded and tall.
C) All of the progeny will be smooth-seeded and short.
D) All of the progeny will be smooth-seeded and intermediate in height.
E) All of the progeny will be smooth-seeded;one-half will be tall,and one-half will be short.

Question 50

In the ABO blood groups in humans,

A) I^A,I^B,and I^O are codominant.
B) I^A,I^B,and I^O are incompletely dominant.
C) I^A and I^B are codominant and are dominant to I^O.
D) I^O is incompletely dominant to I^A and I^B.
E) I^A is dominant to I^B and I^B is dominant to I^O.

Question 51

When a given trait is the result of multigene action,one of the genes may mask the expression of one or all other genes.This phenomenon is termed

A) epistasis.
B) epigenesis.
C) dominance.
D) incomplete dominance.
E) penetrance.

Question 52

A dominant allele (K)is necessary for normal hearing;kk individuals are deaf.A dominant allele (M)on a different locus results in deafness no matter which other alleles are present.If a kkMm individual is crossed with a Kkmm individual,_______ percent of the offspring will be deaf.

A) 0
B) 25
C) 50
D) 75
E) 100

Question 53

A patient with blood type AB requires a blood transfusion.Which blood group would be rejected by the patient's immune system?

A) A
B) B
C) O
D) AB
E) None of the above

Question 54

The blue sclera allele has 90 percent penetrance for producing blue sclera,60 percent penetrance for fragile bones,and 40 percent penetrance for deafness.If these probabilities of penetrance are independent,_______ percent of individuals with the blue sclera allele will have deafness,blue sclera,and fragile bones.

A) 22
B) 40
C) 50
D) 60
E) 90

Question 55

If the allele for tall (T)plants is incompletely dominant over the allele for short (t)plants,what will be the likely phenotype of the offspring resulting from a cross between two Tt plants?

A) 1/4 tall,1/2 intermediate,1/4 short
B) 1/2 tall,1/4 intermediate,1/4 short
C) 1/4 tall,1/4 height,1/2 short
D) All tall
E) All intermediate

Question 56

Despite the law of independent assortment,when two loci are on the same chromosome,the phenotypes of the progeny sometimes do not fit the predicted phenotypes.This outcome can be explained by the phenomenon of

A) translocation.
B) inversions.
C) epistasis.
D) linkage.
E) conjugation.

Question 57

Epistasis refers to

A) a group of genes that are close together.
B) the equal interaction of two genes so that a new phenotype is produced.
C) the expression of two genes in the same individual.
D) the linear order of genes on a chromosome.
E) one gene altering the phenotypic effect of another gene.

Question 58

Use the following to answer questions :
Agouti is a type of coat color pattern in mouse that cannot be expressed in albinos (white mice).Nonalbino mice without the dominant agouti allele (AAbb and Aabb)are black.An agouti mouse that is heterozygous at the albino (A)and agouti (B)loci (AaBb)is mated to an albino mouse that is heterozygous at the agouti locus (aaBb).
What percent of the progeny are likely to be black?

A) 0 percent
B) 12.5 percent
C) 37.5 percent
D) 50 percent
E) 100 percent

Question 59

Use the following to answer questions :
Agouti is a type of coat color pattern in mouse that cannot be expressed in albinos (white mice).Nonalbino mice without the dominant agouti allele (AAbb and Aabb)are black.An agouti mouse that is heterozygous at the albino (A)and agouti (B)loci (AaBb)is mated to an albino mouse that is heterozygous at the agouti locus (aaBb).
What percent of the progeny are likely to be agouti?

A) 0 percent
B) 12.5 percent
C) 37.5 percent
D) 50 percent
E) 100 percent

Question 60

If an infant born to a mother with blood type O is also type O,possible genotypes for the father are

A) I^AI^O,I^BI^O,and I^OI^O.
B) I^AI^A only.
C) I^BI^B only.
D) I^OI^O only.
E) I^AI^B only

Question 61

Alleles for genes located on mitochondrial DNA are said to be maternally inherited.What is the reason for this pattern of inheritance?

A) The egg and sperm contribute equal numbers of cytoplasmic organelles to the zygote.
B) The egg contributes virtually all of the cytoplasmic organelles to the zygote.
C) Half of the nuclear chromosomes in the zygote come from the father.
D) Half of the nuclear chromosomes in the zygote come from the mother.
E) All of the nuclear chromosomes in the zygote come from the mother.

Question 62

White eyes is a recessive sex-linked trait in fruit flies.If a white-eyed female fruit fly is mated to a red-eyed male,their offspring should be

A) 50 percent red-eyed and 50 percent white-eyed for both sexes.
B) all white-eyed for both sexes.
C) all white-eyed males and all red-eyed females.
D) all white-eyed females and all red-eyed males.
E) 50 percent red-eyed males,50 percent white-eyed males,and all red-eyed females.

Question 63

Which statement about plasmids is false?

A) They are small circular chromosomes containing a small number of genes.
B) They are small segments of genes that replicate independently of the main chromosome of the cell.
C) They are small pieces of DNA that transfer genes between bacteria.
D) They have the same function as the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells.
E) They are moveable pieces of DNA found in bacteria.

Question 64

Use the following to answer questions :
Egg and Fluffy are two linked bird genes that are 16 map units apart.The E allele of Egg produces large eggs and the e allele produces small eggs (E is dominant).The F allele produces fluffy feathers and the f allele produces nonfluffy feathers (F is dominant).
If EeFf is crossed with eeff,what proportion of female offspring will produce small eggs and fluffy feathers?

A) 8 percent
B) 16 percent
C) 42 percent
D) 84 percent
E) 100 percent

Question 65

Humans have 46 chromosomes and _______ autosomes.

A) 23 pairs of
B) 22 pairs of
C) 1 pair of
D) 45
E) 16

Question 66

Which organelle does not contain DNA?

A) Nucleus
B) Chloroplast
C) Mitochondria
D) Ribosome
E) All of the above contain DNA.

Question 67

When reciprocal crosses produce identical results,one can conclude that the trait is

A) not sex-linked.
B) sex-linked.
C) not autosomally inherited.
D) expressed on both X and Y chromosomes.
E) due to a hemizygous gene.

Question 68

Bacteria engage in genetic transfers after a thin projection called a _______ extends from one cell to another.

A) chromosome
B) plasmid
C) sex pilus
D) highly packed linear strand of DNA
E) chiasma

Question 69

In humans,spotted teeth are caused by a dominant sex-linked gene.If a man with spotted teeth whose father had normal teeth has children with a woman with normal teeth,

A) all of their daughters will have normal teeth.
B) all of their daughters will have spotted teeth.
C) all of their children will have spotted teeth.
D) half of their sons will have spotted teeth.
E) all of their sons will have spotted teeth.

Question 70

Use the following to answer questions :
Egg and Fluffy are two linked bird genes that are 16 map units apart.The E allele of Egg produces large eggs and the e allele produces small eggs (E is dominant).The F allele produces fluffy feathers and the f allele produces nonfluffy feathers (F is dominant).
If EEFF is crossed with eeff,what proportion of female offspring will produce large eggs and fluffy feathers?

A) 8 percent
B) 16 percent
C) 42 percent
D) 84 percent
E) 100 percent

Question 71

A human male carrying an allele for a trait on the X chromosome is

A) heterozygous.
B) homozygous.
C) hemizygous.
D) monozygous.
E) holozygous.

Question 72

The genes contained in bacterial plasmids can be involved in

A) breaking down hydrocarbons.
B) cleaning up oil spills.
C) inserting new genetic information into cells.
D) the spread of drug resistant bacteria.
E) All of the above

Question 73

Very few genes have been located on the Y chromosomes of humans.Y-linked genes include a gene called testis-specific protein Y.A male with this gene will

A) usually pass it to his sons,but occasionally also to a daughter.
B) pass the gene only to his sons.
C) pass the gene only to his daughters.
D) pass the gene only to his grandsons.
E) pass the gene to all of his children if the mother is a carrier.

Question 74

Morgan demonstrated that white eye color in Drosophila is carried recessively on the X chromosome (recall that females are XX and males are XY).Which of the following best describes the offspring of a heterozygous (carrier)female and a white-eyed male?

A) Half of the daughters have red eyes and all sons have red eyes.
B) All daughters have white eyes and half of the sons have red eyes.
C) All daughters have red eyes and all sons have white eyes.
D) Half of the daughters have white eyes and all sons have white eyes.
E) Half of the daughters and sons have white eyes.

Question 75

When a dihybrid black,normal-winged fly is crossed with a double-recessive gray,vestigial-winged fly,the frequency with which black vestigial-winged and gray normal-winged flies are seen in the progeny is called the _______ frequency.

A) mutation
B) mitotic
C) meiotic
D) allele
E) recombination

Question 76

Use the following to answer questions :
Cleft chin is an X-linked dominant trait.Assume that a man with a cleft chin marries a woman with a round chin.
What percent of their female progeny will show the cleft chin trait?

A) 0 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 75 percent
E) 100 percent

Question 77

Use the following to answer questions :
Egg and Fluffy are two linked bird genes that are 16 map units apart.The E allele of Egg produces large eggs and the e allele produces small eggs (E is dominant).The F allele produces fluffy feathers and the f allele produces nonfluffy feathers (F is dominant).
If EeFf is crossed with eeff,what proportion of female offspring will produce small eggs and nonfluffy feathers?

A) 8 percent
B) 16 percent
C) 42 percent
D) 84 percent
E) 100 percent

Question 78

Organelles such as mitochondria and the genes that they contain display _______ inheritance and are _______ inherited.

A) Mendelian;maternally
B) non-Mendelian;paternally
C) Mendelian;cytoplasmically
D) non-Mendelian;maternally
E) Mendelian;paternally

Question 79

Use the following to answer questions :
Cleft chin is an X-linked dominant trait.Assume that a man with a cleft chin marries a woman with a round chin.
What percent of their male progeny will show the cleft chin trait?

A) 0 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 75 percent
E) 100 percent

Question 80

In tomatoes,tall is dominant to short and smooth fruits are dominant to hairy fruits.A plant that is homozygous for both dominant traits is crossed with a plant that is homozygous for both recessive traits.The F₁ progeny are tested and crossed with the following results: 78 tall smooth fruits;82 short hairy fruits;22 tall hairy fruits;and 18 short smooth fruits.These data indicate that the genes are

A) on different chromosomes.
B) linked but do not cross over.
C) linked and show 10 percent recombination.
D) linked and show 20 percent recombination.
E) linked and show 40 percent recombination.