Deck 11: Collective Behavior

Question 1

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Theory of collective behavior focusing on how individuals come to accept the constraints imposed by a group.

Answer 1

HH

Question 2

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ An alliance of actors formed for the purpose of achieving some goal.

Answer 2

Q

Question 3

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ According to emergent norm theory, there are people who are not directly involved with a group's goal but participate out of concern over an issue.

Answer 3

MM

Question 4

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Element of value-added theory that states group members must have a shared view of the problem and how to resolve tension.

Question 5

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Groups of people with a focus, or goal, who act with unity to achieve a goal.

Question 6

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Crowd dispersals that occur during emergency situations like fires or explosions.

Question 7

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ According to emergent norm theory, it is the type of person who feels a strong personal commitment to the issue that the group is involved with.

Question 8

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ According to mass hysteria theory, people in a crowd exhibit a shared willingness to follow suggestions.

Question 9

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ The purposive nature of people's behavior when they collectively celebrate, mourn, worship, protest, compete in athletics, or confront disasters.

Question 10

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Aspect of emergent norm theory that argues individuals enter groups with different attitudes and perspectives.

Question 11

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ According to emergent norm theory, it is the type of person who participates in the group out of curiosity.

Question 12

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Process by which people become more and more suggestible and irrational after interactions become interrupted.

Question 13

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ When large numbers of people become obsessed with something like the purchase of a product or an activity.

Question 14

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ A sense of shared emotional bond that emerges whenever people interact in a group.

Question 15

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Aspect of value-added theory referring to how authorities react to the behavior.

Question 16

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ An individual's sense of connection with a larger community or group.

Question 17

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Phase of collective behavior referring to the behaviors leading to the end of a social movement gathering.

Question 18

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ A shared belief about a person, an event, or interaction or object.

Question 19

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Situations in which a third party attempts to break up a group.

Question 20

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Phase of collective behavior referring to the factors that bring people together into the same place at the same time.

Question 21

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Theory based on the premise that people must be able to monitor and interpret one another's behavior for collective action to occur.

Question 22

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Movements to change the way things are regulated in society.

Question 23

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Aspect of perception control theory referring to when information is provided by a movement's leadership or some other outside force.

Question 24

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ A situation in which large numbers of people are overwhelmed with a common fear.

Question 25

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ An ingredient of mass hysteria theory referring to when people act without reason.

Question 26

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ A key ingredient of contagious mental unity, referring to situations in which people lose their inhibitions to act and the tempo of their behavior increases.

Question 27

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Aspect of perception control theory referring to individual decisions made during collective behavior.

Question 28

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ According to emergent norm theory, it is the person participating in a crowd merely for the sense of connection with the group.

Question 29

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Phase of collective behavior referring to the behaviors occurring during a social movement.

Question 30

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Crowd that lacks a goal and is primarily just a setting for tension release, often through rhythmical action such as applause, dancing, or singing.

Question 31

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Any type of mass violence or killings.

Question 32

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Theory based on the idea that individuals in crowds lose their ability to think and act rationally.

Question 33

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Aspect of perception control theory referring to when individuals in a group work together to make decisions.

Question 34

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Part of the circular reaction process in which individuals at an event anxiously move about in a seemingly aimless and random fashion.

Question 35

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ When some actors can reap the benefits of a group effort without incurring the costs.

Question 36

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Examines the interaction of competing interests and opportunity structures in a group's ability to produce social change.

Question 37

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Anonymous individuals from many social strata that are loosely organized.

Question 38

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Part of the circular reaction process in which people respond to one another by interpreting the other's gestures and remarks, rehearsing or visualizing a possible response, and then conveying a response.

Question 39

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Those movements that center around specific issues rather than class-based political mobilizations (e.g., workers' rights).

Question 40

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Element of value-added theory regarding individuals' reaction to an immediate threat.

Question 41

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Element of value-added theory that states society must be in a condition amenable to the formation of movements.

Question 42

According to Blumer's theory of circular reaction, when do individuals in crowds start to lose control and act without much rationality?

A) During the milling phase when individuals are encouraged to act out against authorities.
B) During the interpretation phase when individuals are encouraged to act out against authorities.
C) During the interpretation phase when individuals lose their ability to communicate about appropriate behavior.
D) During the milling phase when individuals lose their ability to communicate about appropriate behavior.

Question 43

Research on crowd and protest behaviors has generally supported LeBon and other scholars from the mass hysteria tradition.

Question 44

Gustave LeBon's book, "The Crowd" is based on observations of which of the following events?

A) the Russian Revolution
B) The French Revolution
C) WWII
D) the Chinese Revolution

Question 45

Following Smelser's value-added theory, why wouldn't we expect a poor, third-world nation based on a barter economy to develop mass hysteria over stock market problems like the U.S. did in the 1920s?

A) lack of structural conduciveness
B) lack of structural strain
C) lack of generalized belief
D) action of social control

Question 46

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ A dispersal in which participants leave a gathering in a rational, orderly fashion.

Question 47

The March for Life protest against abortion is probably best described as a

A) social action.
B) collective action.
C) social movement.
D) collective movement.

Question 48

Guilford went to a protest against the school's smoking policy because he truly believed that it was wrong and should be changed. He had been a leader in the anti-smoking group for a number of years prior to the march. According to Turner and Killian, which kind of participant is he?

A) ego-involved participant
B) concerned participant
C) insecure participant
D) curiosity seeker

Question 49

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ A situation whereby if every person acts in his or her own best interests, the results will be bad for the group.

Question 50

Which of the following theories of collective behavior is most likely to incorporate larger social-structural conditions in predicting the development of a social movement?

A) political process theory
B) value-added theory
C) resource mobilization theory
D) all of the above

Question 51

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Attempts to change the social order of society.

Question 52

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Formally organized groups designed to bring about social change.

Question 53

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Element of value-added theory stating there must be some level of conflict over some issue or problem to initiate collective action.

Question 54

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Theory of collective action that views social movements as a product of the interaction between the social conditions that lead people to want change and resources available to make those changes.

Question 55

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ An aggregate of people, often from the same social class, who are concerned with a specific issue.

Question 56

Which theorist is most associated with mass hysteria theory?

A) Carl Couch
B) Herbert Blumer
C) Neil Smelser
D) Gustave LeBon

Question 57

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Theory based on the notion that to fully understand the causes of collective events, you need to distinguish the type of collective behavior in question and the social conditions surrounding it.

Question 58

According to Smelser's value-added theory, what kind of collective behavior was the American stock market crash in 1929?

A) panic
B) craze
C) hostile outburst
D) norm-oriented social movement

Question 59

Authorities explained students' behavior at the "Stairway to the Stars" concert using which theory?

A) emergent norm theory
B) value-added theory
C) resource mobilization theory
D) mass hysteria theory

Question 60

Following is a list of terms and then a series of statements. Match the best term to each statement by filling in the letter before the term in the appropriate blank.
A. Acting crowds
AA. Intensity of behavior
B. Mobilization for action
BB. Generalized belief
C. Political process theory
CC. Action of social control
D. Collective identity
DD. Circular reaction
E. Panic
EE. Public
F. Free-rider problem
FF. Mass hysteria theory
G. Social movements
GG. Mass
H. Assembling phase
HH. Emergent norm theory
I. Dispersal phase
II. Collective action
J. Gathering phase
JJ. Structural strain
K. Interpretive phase
KK. Structural conduciveness
L. Value-added theory
LL. Insecure participant
M. Emergency dispersals
MM. Concerned participant
N. Coerced dispersals
NN. Curiosity seeker
O. Routine dispersal
OO. Ego-involved participant
P. New social movements
PP. Social movement organizations
Q. Coalition
QQ. Homogeneity of mood
R. Expressive crowd I
RR. Resource mobilization theory
S. Social dilemma
SS. Value-oriented movement
T. Organizational instruction
TT. Norm-oriented movements
U. Hostile outbursts
UU. Contagious mental unity
V. Craze
VV. Differential expression
W. Independent instructions
WW. Perception control theory
X. Interdependent instruction
Y. Milling
Z. Irrational behavior
ZZ. Collective Memory
____ Collective action designed to produce a new social order.

Question 61

Public radio, radio stations that rely, in part, on listener support to stay in business, run the risk of what problem?

A) a social dilemma
B) the free rider problem
C) group conformity
D) mass hysteria

Question 62

The vast majority of protests and other collective events have which kind of dispersal?

A) routine dispersal
B) emergency dispersal
C) coerced dispersal
D) active dispersal

Question 63

Using Blumer's theory of circular reaction, what stage was Reba going through before she decided to help the witch being taken away by the police?

A) circular reaction
B) milling
C) interpretive phase
D) stage 1

Question 64

Which of the following are typical behaviors at a large protest march?

A) People break off into a series of smaller groups.
B) People form lines to access varies facilities.
C) People develop arcs and circles around speakers.
D) All of the above are typical behaviors.

Question 65

Most protest marches in the U.S. include relatively large groups of people, numbering in the hundreds of thousands.

Question 66

Group processes research shows that coalitions are natural product of individuals faced with large power disparities.

Question 67

Research on crowd behaviors generally shows that the interactions in this vignette are pretty typical of most rallies and protests.

Question 68

The use of ____________ is important to the forming of collective memories?

A) storytelling
B) collective behavior
C) collective emotion
D) Framing

Question 69

The debate as to whether to stop and look at an accident while driving by, possibly slowing down the traffic behind you, is an example of a

A) social dilemma.
B) free rider problem.
C) group conformity.
D) mass hysteria.

Question 70

What is the best predictor of an individual participating in a march or a riot?

A) Her structural position.
B) Her concern over a social condition in society.
C) Her being asked to go to the event.
D) Her access to resources.

Question 71

According to Turner and Killian, which kind of participant was Reba?

A) ego-involved participant
B) concerned participant
C) insecure participant
D) curiosity seeker

Question 72

Steve turned to the people around him for help deciding how to act at a local protest. According to perception control theory, what form of perception control is he using?

A) independent instruction
B) interdependent instruction
C) organizational instruction
D) interactional instruction