Deck 18: Eukaryotic Diversity

Question 1

Which insect adaptation is thought to have had the greatest influence on the diversity of this group?

A) exoskeleton
B) endoskeleton
C) bilateral symmetry
D) multicellularity
E) wings

Answer 1

E

Question 2

What are two major plant adaptations that were most important in allowing plants to become independent of aquatic habitats?

A) bilateral symmetry and becoming multicellular organisms
B) vascular system and seeds
C) segmented structures and mycelium
D) photosynthesis and symbiotic relationships with fungi
E) spore production and becoming single-celled organisms

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which statement is true about all animals?

A) They are all multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs.
B) They all have an endoskeleton and bilateral symmetry.
C) They are all single-celled species that can make their own food.
D) They all have segmented body parts.
E) none of these

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which characteristic is NOT one of the main features used to classify animals?

A) presence or absence of a bony or cartilaginous backbone
B) fur coloration
C) type of skeleton
D) type of symmetry
E) presence or absence of body segmentation

Question 5

Which statement is false about protists?

A) Protists are a highly diverse group.
B) Some protists are heterotrophic.
C) Protists form a genetically distinct evolutionary group.
D) Some protists are unicellular and others are multicellular.
E) Protists can be classified as plant-like,animal-like,or fungus-like.

Question 6

Which of these choices does NOT describe an area that usually has a biologically diverse ecosystem?

A) an ecosystem with intact food webs and top predators
B) an area with a highly fragmented landscape
C) an area with a mosaic of physical,geographical,and climatic conditions
D) an area with many unique types of habitats
E) All of these describe areas that usually have high biodiversity.

Question 7

A major difference between a fern and a moss is

A) the presence of seeds.
B) the presence of flowers.
C) the presence of cones.
D) the presence of a vascular system.
E) the ability to carry out photosynthesis.

Question 8

Which group of plants lack roots,seeds,and a vascular system?

A) angiosperms
B) gymnosperms
C) ferns
D) bryophytes
E) trees

Question 9

A sand dollar gets its name from its body shape-it resembles a large coin.What type of body symmetry does a sand dollar have?

A) bilateral
B) radial
C) none (sand dollars are amorphous)
D) hyphae
E) mycelium

Question 10

Which of these is the most important characteristic used to classify organisms as eukaryotes?

A) membrane-enclosed nucleus and organelles
B) cell walls
C) symmetry
D) vascular system
E) type of reproduction

Question 11

What do birds,reptiles,amphibians,and fish all have in common?

A) They all have exoskeletons.
B) They are all mammals.
C) They are all radially symmetrical.
D) They all share a common ancestor with the echinoderms.
E) They lack segmented bodies.

Question 12

Which description is a eukaryote group that evolved earlier than the others?

A) nonvascular,nonflowering plants
B) bilaterally symmetric vertebrates
C) arthropods with exoskeletons
D) angiosperm plants
E) vertebrates with endoskeletons

Question 13

Which of these actions are NOT usually associated with a loss of eukaryotic biodiversity?

A) overexploitation of biotic resources
B) habitat loss
C) re-introduction of a traditional predator
D) destruction of hot spots
E) human-caused changes in land use patterns

Question 14

Which of the following meals include a fungus? Select the TWO correct answers:

A) a bread and blue cheese platter with fruit
B) mushroom risotto
C) a fruit salad
D) yogurt

Question 15

Starting with the group that evolved earliest to the group that evolved most recently,which of these sequences is in the correct order?

A) bryophytes,protists,fungi
B) fungi,protists,bryophytes
C) bryophytes,fungi,protists
D) protists,bryophytes,insects
E) insects,bryophytes,fungi

Question 16

Which of the following is not a characteristic found in at least some organisms in the domain Eukarya?

A) cell walls
B) photosynthesis
C) multicellularity
D) cells lacking a nucleus
E) unicellularity

Question 17

Which statement is false about fungi?

A) Many fungi form mycelia of hyphae.
B) Some fungi live on trees.
C) Some fungi can live symbiotically with other organisms.
D) Most fungi are multicellular,although some are unicellular.
E) Most fungi get their nutrients by ingesting small pieces of other living organisms.

Question 18

Which feature makes angiosperms different from all the other types of plants?

A) seeds
B) vascular system
C) roots
D) cones
E) flowers

Question 19

A vascular system is the _____.

A) specialized plant tissues that transport water and nutrients
B) organs of reproduction in plants
C) specialized plant tissues responsible for photosynthesis
D) tissues responsible for forming leaves
E) fruit-producing organs in plants

Question 20

What do fungi and arthropods have in common?

A) All of the species in both groups have chitin in their structures.
B) All of the species in both groups are decomposers.
C) All of the species in both groups form mycelia.
D) None of the species in either group has cell walls.
E) All of the species of both groups are multicellular.

Question 21

Species richness describes

A) the abundance of species in a community.
B) the number of different species in a community.
C) the number of species in a population.
D) the landscape of a region.
E) all biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem.

Question 22

The domain Eukarya includes

A) plants.
B) plants and animals.
C) plants,animals,and fungi.
D) plants,animals,fungi,and protists.
E) plants,animals,fungi,protists,and archaea.

Question 23

Which are all members of the domain Eukarya?

A) animals,plants,protists,and prokaryotes
B) protists,animals,and prokaryotes
C) eukaryotes and prokaryotes
D) plants,animals,fungi,and protists
E) plants,animals,fungi,and bacteria

Question 24

What feature do all members of Eukarya share?

A) They have a cell wall.
B) They can move.
C) They live on land.
D) They have a nucleus.
E) They live in extreme environments.

Question 25

Which would not be a member of the domain Eukarya?

A) a fish
B) a mushroom
C) a slime mold
D) a proteobacteria
E) a rose

Question 26

The tree of life has been rearranged into three domains based on what evidence?

A) comparative anatomy
B) DNA similarities
C) homologous structures
D) anatomical evidence
E) fossil evidence

Question 27

What do mosquitos,snails,and earthworms have in common?

A) They are all insects.
B) They are all mollusks.
C) They are all arthropods.
D) They are all invertebrates.
E) They all have an exoskeleton.

Question 28

Which topographical feature affects the climate of an area?

A) mountain range
B) plateau
C) coastal location
D) forests
E) volcanoes

Question 29

Which area would have the most species diversity?

A) a large desert island
B) a small island with a central mountain
C) a large island with a mountain
D) an island with a lake,mountain,and rivers in the North Atlantic ocean
E) an island with a lake,mountain,and rivers in the tropics

Question 30

The diversity of living organisms in Olympic National Park is largely due to

A) the Pacific Ocean.
B) the Olympic mountains.
C) the many habitats contained within the park.
D) freshwater lakes.
E) Mount Olympus.

Question 31

Which eukaryote evolved first?

A) plants
B) fungi
C) protists
D) humans
E) sponges

Question 32

Select the TWO answers that apply.
Knowing only its location and geological history,you would expect the Olympic Peninsula to harbor a unique collection of organisms because

A) its isolation from the rest of the continent during the last 20,000 years would cause the organisms living there to accumulate unique alleles and traits not shared with their close relatives.
B) it is surrounded on three sides by water,continuing the physical isolation that causes unique traits to accumulate.
C) the Olympic Mountains create a massive cooling effect,which in turn leads to unique selection pressures on the peninsula's organisms.
D) All of the answers are correct.
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 33

Which habitat would contain the most species diversity?

A) desert
B) rainforest
C) tundra
D) bog
E) lake

Question 34

Protists share this feature with other eukaryotes.

A) They are single celled.
B) They have chloroplasts.
C) They have a vacuole.
D) They have a nucleus.
E) They are photosynthetic.

Question 35

Place the following in order of evolutionary history from earliest to most recent.

A) archaea,protists,and bacteria
B) archaea,eukarya,and protists
C) eukarya,archaea,and bacteria
D) archaea,bacteria,and eukarya
E) bacteria,archaea,and eukarya

Question 36

Which of the following is not a feature of all animals?

A) defined body symmetry
B) internal digestion
C) motility
D) cells that lack cell walls
E) multicellularity

Question 37

A protist is a

A) single-celled member of domain Archaea.
B) single-celled member of domain Eukarya.
C) multicellular member of domain Archaea.
D) multicellular member of domain Eukarya.
E) multicellular member of either domain Archaea or Eukarya.

Question 38

What do all members of the informal group known as protists have in common?

A) They have nothing in common.
B) They are all eukaryotic.
C) They all carry out photosynthesis.
D) They are all human parasites.
E) They are all decomposers.

Question 39

Which of the following defense/predator avoidance features or strategies can be found in arthropods?

A) an exoskeleton.
B) venom
C) flight
D) secondary metabolites
E) all of these are strategies that can be found in arthropods

Question 40

The diversity of habitats in a region increases the region's

A) abundance of species.
B) area.
C) species richness.
D) diversity.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 41

The diversity of organisms found in an area is directly related to

A) the diversity of temperature.
B) the diversity of elevation.
C) the diversity of rainfall.
D) the diversity of the physical terrain.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 42

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A) There are more prey species than predator species.
B) There are more predator species than prey species.
C) There are an equal number of predator and prey species.
D) Predators have little impact on an ecosystem.
E) Most predators have many natural predators.

Question 43

Which is the correct evolutionary order of plants,from earliest to most recent,exhibiting the acquisition of terrestrial adaptations?

A) sword fern,moss,maple,and pine
B) sword fern,moss,pine,and maple
C) moss,sword fern,pine,and maple
D) moss,sword fern,maple,and pine
E) maple,pine,sword fern,and moss

Question 44

Which describes plant groups in order of terrestrial adaptations from earliest to the most recent?

A) ferns,bryophytes,gymnosperms,and angiosperms
B) bryophytes,gymnosperms,ferns,and angiosperms
C) angiosperms,bryophytes,ferns,and gymnosperms
D) ferns,gymnosperms,bryophytes,and angiosperms
E) bryophytes,ferns,gymnosperms,and angiosperms

Question 45

Pine trees,redwoods,and conifers belong in which plant group?

A) ferns
B) bryophytes
C) angiosperms
D) gymnosperms
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 46

A clam is an example of a(n)

A) annelid.
B) cnidarian.
C) mollusk.
D) arthropod.
E) echinoderm.

Question 47

Which plant group dominated the Carboniferous period?

A) ferns
B) bryophytes
C) angiosperms
D) gymnosperms
E) mosses

Question 48

The Olympic National Park's old-growth temperate rainforests provide,as the name suggests,several kinds of moist/wet habitats.Here,you would expect to find what kinds of plants?

A) bryophytes only
B) bryophytes and ferns only
C) bryophytes,ferns,and gymnosperms only
D) bryophytes,ferns,and angiosperms only
E) bryophytes,ferns,gymnosperms,and angiosperms

Question 49

You find an animal with no backbone,a body in three segments,jointed appendages,and a hard exoskeleton.You determine that this animal is a(n)

A) chordate.
B) nematode.
C) mollusk.
D) arthropod.
E) echinoderm.

Question 50

The most successful animal group is the

A) chordate group.
B) nematode group.
C) mollusk group.
D) arthropod group.
E) echinoderm group.

Question 51

All of the following are TRUE of insects,EXCEPT

A) they evolved 400 million years ago.
B) they have an endoskeleton made of protein and chitin.
C) there are more insect species than all other animal species combined.
D) they have three pairs of jointed legs.
E) many of the most successful insects have wings.

Question 52

Which trait do ferns,gymnosperms,and angiosperms share?

A) seeds
B) flowers
C) vasculature
D) fruit
E) cones

Question 53

You are walking through a park,spending the morning in a rainforest environment,and by the afternoon you have entered a drier forest.Which of the following describes the changes in species composition you would expect?

A) You see more snails in the dry forest than you see in the rainforest.
B) You see more amphibians in the dry forest than you see in the rainforest.
C) You see ferns in the dry forest but not in the rainforest.
D) You see bryophytes in the rainforest but don't find them in the dry forest.
E) You see more reptiles in the rainforest than you see in the dry forest.

Question 54

Put the following animal adaptations in order from earliest to most recent adaptation.

A) no symmetry $\rightarrow$ radial symmetry $\rightarrow$ bilateral symmetry $\rightarrow$ backbone
B) no symmetry $\rightarrow$ bilateral symmetry $\rightarrow$ radial symmetry $\rightarrow$ backbone
C) no symmetry $\rightarrow$ radial symmetry $\rightarrow$ backbone $\rightarrow$ bilateral symmetry
D) no symmetry $\rightarrow$ backbone $\rightarrow$ radial symmetry $\rightarrow$ bilateral symmetry
E) backbone $\rightarrow$ no symmetry $\rightarrow$ radial symmetry $\rightarrow$ bilateral symmetry

Question 55

All of the following are characteristics of insects,EXCEPT

A) they are invertebrates.
B) they are arthropods.
C) they have six legs.
D) they have three body segments.
E) they have an endoskeleton.

Question 56

The sunny,south-facing slopes of the Olympic Mountains are relatively dry.In the forests there,you would expect to find

A) relatively few bryophytes,but numerous ferns,gymnosperms,and angiosperms.
B) fewer bryophytes and ferns than gymnosperms and angiosperms.
C) fewer ferns than bryophytes,gymnosperms,and angiosperms.
D) fewer gymnosperms than bryophytes,ferns,and angiosperms.
E) fewer angiosperms than bryophytes,ferns,and gymnosperms.

Question 57

An example of a cnidarian is a

A) clam.
B) jellyfish.
C) flatworm.
D) slug.
E) sea sponge.

Question 58

Aside from its location and geological history,Olympic National Park hosts enormous biodiversity because

A) the landscape varies in elevation,including everything from very high mountains to valleys and seashore.
B) it includes a variety of aquatic ecosystems,including lakes,rivers,and saltwater beaches.
C) it includes large areas of old-growth temperate forest,which in turn provides a variety of habitats for other organisms.
D) All of the answers are correct.
E) None of the answers are correct.

Question 59

Which of the following lists plant terrestrial adaptations from earliest to most recent?

A) vascular,seeds,flowers,and cones
B) nonvascular,vascular,seeds,and flowers
C) nonvascular,seeds,vascular,and flowers
D) vascular,seeds,flowers,and nonvascular
E) vascular,seeds,nonvascular,and flowers

Question 60

Most animals

A) are vertebrates.
B) are invertebrates.
C) lack symmetry.
D) are radially symmetrical.
E) belong to the chordate group.

Question 61

The chordate group includes these animals.

A) arthropods
B) mollusks
C) invertebrates
D) cnidarians
E) vertebrates

Question 62

All species of fungi are

A) unicellular.
B) multicellular.
C) aerobic.
D) saprotrophs.
E) heterotrophs.

Question 63

Walking past a pond in Olympic National Forest,you spot the head of an animal that is swimming through the water.You can clearly see that the animal has fur but can't see anything else.Based on your observation,you know that the animal is a

A) vertebrate.
B) mammal.
C) bird.
D) vertebrate and a mammal.
E) vertebrate and a bird.

Question 64

A protist is the common ancestor of

A) plants.
B) animals.
C) fungi.
D) slime molds.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 65

Which would NOT be considered a protist?

A) amoeba
B) Giardia lamblia
C) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
D) euglena
E) Trichomonas vaginalis

Question 66

Which is NOT true of yeast?

A) They are used in the food industry.
B) They are used in biotechnology.
C) They are eukaryotes.
D) They are multicellular.
E) They are used in the beverage industry.

Question 67

Fungi are found

A) on,in,and under vegetation.
B) on and in animals.
C) in and on top of soil.
D) in dead trees and animal carcasses.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 68

As you rest on a rock in a subalpine meadow in Olympic National Park,you see a small,hard-bodied animal next to your rock.On closer examination,you see that it has a hard,jointed exoskeleton and four pairs of jointed legs.It is a(n)

A) mollusk.
B) annelid.
C) arthropod.
D) insect.
E) arthropod and an insect.

Question 69

Sitting beside a stream in Olympic National Park,you see a dragonfly perching on a piece of grass next to the water.You can easily see its hard,jointed exoskeleton,its three pairs of jointed legs,and its three-part body.You know,therefore,that it is a(n)

A) mollusk.
B) annelid.
C) arthropod.
D) insect.
E) arthropod and an insect.

Question 70

Which does NOT describe a member of the kingdom Fungi?

A) It is a pathogen.
B) It can reproduce asexually or sexually.
C) It lives symbiotically as a lichen.
D) It is a decomposer.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 71

Fungi play a crucial ecological role in all terrestrial ecosystems,including those in Olympic National Park.What is that role?

A) They are photosynthesizers,providing energy and nutrients to the other organisms in the ecosystem.
B) They are important fermenters,used by humans to make foods and beverages.
C) They are a primary food source for vertebrate consumers;without them,vertebrate diversity would be very low.
D) They are decomposers,breaking down dead organisms and helping to recycle their nutrients.
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 72

These single-celled fungi can ferment sugars or cause disease.

A) yeast
B) shelf fungi
C) molds
D) truffles
E) mushrooms

Question 73

Walking through Olympic National Park,you find a soft-bodied animal with no shell under some moist leaves.It is a(n)

A) mollusk.
B) annelid.
C) arthropod.
D) mollusk or an annelid;without more information,you can't tell which it is.
E) mollusk or an arthropod;without more information,you can't tell which it is.

Question 74

All animals are descended from a(n)

A) multicellular prokaryote ancestor.
B) ancestral bilateral prokaryote.
C) ancestral protist.
D) multicellular radial animal.
E) ancestral symmetric animal.

Question 75

Which term can be used to describe a protist?

A) autotrophic
B) heterotrophic
C) decomposer
D) saprotroph
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 76

All of the following are TRUE of fungi,EXCEPT

A) they can be single celled or multicelled.
B) they are eukaryotic.
C) they are autotrophs.
D) they have cell walls made of chitin.
E) they secrete digestive enzymes onto their food and then absorb the products.

Question 77

Fungi evolved approximately

A) 200,000 years ago from a single-celled ancestor.
B) 4 billion years ago from a protist.
C) 1 million years ago from a single-celled ancestor.
D) 1 billion years ago from a protist.
E) 1 million years ago from a protist.

Question 78

In general,most protists are susceptible to

A) drying out,or desiccation
B) temperature
C) pH
D) decomposition
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 79

Fungi are members of the domain

A) Bacteria.
B) Protista.
C) Archaea.
D) Monera.
E) Eukarya.

Question 80

Which is NOT true of protists?

A) Some protists cause disease.
B) They are diverse.
C) They are usually single celled.
D) They are usually found in terrestrial areas.
E) They are difficult to classify.