Deck 36: Overview of the Respiratory System

Question 1

The physiologic process of moving air in and out of the lungs is referred to as

A) pulmonary ventilation.
B) gas transport.
C) cellular respiration.
D) compliance.

Answer 1

pulmonary ventilation.

Question 2

In achieving bronchodilation,which of the following substances is often referred to as the "first messenger"?

A) Epinephrine
B) Adenosine triphosphate
C) Cyclic 3'5'-adenoside monophosphate (AMP)
D) Phosphodiesterase

Answer 2

Epinephrine

Question 3

Bronchodilation occurs when circulating catecholamines interact with which of the following sympathetic nervous system receptors?

A) $\beta$ ₁ receptors only
B) $\beta$ ₂ receptors only
C) $\beta$ ₁ and $\beta$ ₂ receptors
D) $\beta$ ₁, $\beta$ ₂,and $\alpha$ receptors

Answer 3

$\beta$ ₂ receptors only

Question 4

Bronchoconstriction is a result of

A) $\beta$ ₂ stimulation.
B) epinephrine.
C) increased cyclic guanosine monophosphate.
D) decreased histamine.

Question 5

Bronchial smooth muscle is supplied primarily by

A) $\alpha$ ₁ receptors.
B) $\alpha$ ₂ receptors.
C) $\beta$ ₁ receptors.
D) $\beta$ ₂ receptors.

Question 6

Which of the following terms refers to the process of moving mucus along the tracheobronchial tree?

A) Diffusion
B) Active transport
C) Mucokinesis
D) Cough reflex

Question 7

When the carbon dioxide content of the blood is increased,a subsequent increase occurs in which of the following in the blood?

A) Oxygen
B) Bicarbonate
C) pH
D) Carbonic acid

Question 8

When a client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,which of the following is responsible for stimulating respiration?

A) pH
B) Carbon dioxide
C) Oxygen
D) Bicarbonate

Question 9

The pH of the blood is determined by the ratio of which of the following two substances?

A) Oxygen and carbon dioxide
B) Oxygen and bicarbonate
C) Carbon dioxide and bicarbonate
D) Carbon dioxide and carbonic acid

Question 10

Which of the following chemicals (and its associated responses)is characteristic of the autonomic nervous system function of the respiratory system?

A) Norepinephrine and bronchoconstriction
B) Histamine and bronchodilation
C) Epinephrine and bronchoconstriction
D) Acetylcholine and bronchoconstriction

Question 11

Under vagal (parasympathetic)control,which of the following can be stimulated by irritant agents or aerosol drugs to release their contents into the lumen of the airway?

A) Goblet cells
B) Bronchial glands
C) Mucociliary blanket
D) Cilia

Question 12

In healthy clients,which of the following is the chief respiratory stimulant?

A) Carbon monoxide
B) Oxygen
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Bicarbonate

Question 13

Bronchodilation is a result of which of the following processes?

A) $\beta$ ₁-adrenergic receptor stimulation
B) $\alpha$ ₂-adrenergic inhibition
C) $\beta$ ₂-adrenergic receptor stimulation
D) $\alpha$ ₁-adrenergic stimulation

Question 14

In a healthy client,which of the following is the chief stimulus for respiration?

A) Oxygen level
B) Carbon dioxide level
C) Bicarbonate level
D) pH

Question 15

The process of the exchange of gases between the air in the lungs,the blood,and the cell is referred to as

A) pulmonary ventilation.
B) gas transport.
C) cellular respiration.
D) compliance.