Deck 42: Urologic Disorders

Question 1

A patient on dialysis asks why he is receiving aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphojel), a phosphate binder, for his renal disorder.What should the nurse explain regarding the action of that Amphojel?

A) Calms the frequent upset stomach experienced by patients on dialysis
B) Binds with phosphorus to increase the serum calcium level
C) Increases the appetite
D) Corrects the pH of the bowel

Answer 1

Binds with phosphorus to increase the serum calcium level

Question 2

A nurse is caring for a patient with acute glomerulonephritis.What should the nurse be aware that the inflammation of the capillary loops in the glomeruli will lead to?

A) Moderate to high blood pressure
B) Low blood volume with polyuria
C) Irritability and hyperactivity
D) Low levels of BUN and creatinine

Answer 2

Moderate to high blood pressure

Question 3

A nurse is collecting data from a hospital patient who has been admitted with pyelonephritis.He is acutely ill with a high fever, chills, nausea, and vomiting.He also has severe pain in the flank area.What is the primary goal of treatment?

A) Provide adequate nutrition with a stable body weight.
B) Provide adequate hydration with pulse and blood pressure within patient norms.
C) Give pain relief with analgesics and antispasmodics.
D) Prevent further damage to his kidneys that could lead to renal failure.

Answer 3

Prevent further damage to his kidneys that could lead to renal failure.

Question 4

A patient with chronic renal failure is to begin renal dialysis treatment and asks for advice about which type of dialysis would be best.The patient is considering peritoneal dialysis because it is less expensive and has fewer dietary and fluid restrictions.What is the most accurate information for the nurse to provide about peritoneal dialysis?

A) It has literally no drawbacks.
B) It gives more independence and more closely resembles normal kidney function.
C) It is a lot more work than hemodialysis, in which the health care staff takes care of everything.
D) It usually does not work very well and has many complications, such as a high blood sugar level.

Question 5

A nurse is caring for a patient with an atrioventricular (AV)fistula in the forearm and assesses that a trill is absent when palpating the venous side of the fistula.What action should the nurse implement?

A) Inject the ordered amount of heparin into the fistula.
B) Apply warm compresses and lower the arm below the heart level.
C) Send the patient to dialysis for remedy.
D) Report to the charge nurse that the fistula is occluded.

Question 6

A home health patient diagnosed with cystitis has been prescribed the medication phenazopyridine (Pyridium).When providing patient teaching, what should the nurse caution the patient about?

A) Staying out of the heat
B) Nausea
C) Staining of clothing
D) Skin rash

Question 7

A nurse assesses a Grey Turner sign in a patient who was admitted 2 days earlier after an automobile accident.What does this finding indicate?

A) Retroperitoneal bleeding and bruising over the flank
B) Hematuria with abdominal bruising
C) Distended bladder with painful urination
D) Bladder spasms on palpation of abdomen

Question 8

Which statement by a patient on dialysis, taking gentamicin (Garamycin), should cause the nurse the most concern?

A) "I have a horrible headache."
B) "Speak up! I can't hear you."
C) "I've had diarrhea once or twice today."
D) "I'm thirsty.I can't get enough water."

Question 9

A family member of a patient who has returned to the special unit after renal transplantation is alarmed by blood in the urine of the patient.What is the nurse's best explanation when explaining the reason for hematuria in this patient?

A) "It is related to the immunosuppressant drugs taken before transplantation."
B) "It is a normal postoperative expectation."
C) "It is caused by dye injected during surgery."
D) "It is caused by a small vessel that may be bleeding but will coagulate as urine flow increases."

Question 10

Which outcome is most necessary for a patient diagnosed with renal calculi?

A) Patient states an awareness of signs and symptoms of kidney stones and knows where to find pain relief.
B) Patient will measure intake and output so that they will be approximately equal.
C) Patient will avoid infections and situations that would increase stress.
D) Patient is able to describe measures to prevent recurrence of calculi.

Question 11

Why are patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure and on dialysis prone to injury?

A) Bone demineralization and peripheral neuropathy
B) Fatigue and drug side effects
C) Impaired immune response and malnutrition
D) Multiple life changes and hormone deficiencies

Question 12

The major risk of peritoneal dialysis is ______.

Question 13

What is the usual cause of the autoimmune disease of acute glomerulonephritis?

A) Frequent cystitis
B) Streptococcal infection
C) Childhood disease of mumps
D) Recent wound infection

Question 14

A patient comes to the medical clinic with complaints of urgency, frequency, pain in the area of the symphysis pubis, and dark cloudy urine.What should the nurse suspect that this patient has?

A) Urinary calculi, probably located in the ureter
B) Kidney infection, most likely pyelonephritis
C) Cystitis, probably from bacterial contamination
D) Interstitial cystitis (although rare in a male patient)

Question 15

A 16-year-old patient with acute glomerulonephritis complains of boredom with bed rest and asks when he can become more active.He asks, "What has to happen for me to get off of bed rest?" What is the most accurate statement by the nurse?

A) Dialysis starts.
B) The antibiotic protocol is completed.
C) Potassium levels are normal.
D) Blood pressure drops to normal levels.

Question 16

A female patient reports very painful urethritis.What should the home health care nurse question the patient about the use of? (Select all that apply.)

A) Bubble bath
B) Vitamin preparations
C) Herbal remedies
D) Vaginal sprays
E) Exercise machines

Question 17

What discharge teaching is appropriate for the nurse to provide to a patient who has had a lithotripsy?

A) Check for edema of the legs and ankles.
B) Watch for stone debris in the urine in 1 to 4 weeks.
C) Decrease fluid intake to 1000 mL/day.
D) Remain on restricted activity for a week.

Question 18

A nurse is aware that if a ureter is blocked by a kidney stone, the urine backs up into the kidney, causing ______.

Question 19

A 10-year-old boy tells a nurse that he wants to give his kidney to his grandfather.How many years of age should the nurse explain that kidney donors must be?

A) At least 14 years old
B) At least 16 years old
C) At least 18 years old
D) At least 21 years old

Question 20

A patient who has cystitis has been told to drink at least 30 mL for each kilogram of body weight.Her weight is 154 lb.How many mL/day should the nurse instruct the patient to drink?

A) 1500
B) 2100
C) 2700
D) 3100