Deck 3: The Greeks in the Polis to Ca350 Bc

Question 1

Characteristics of Sparta included

A)openness to outside influences.
B)uncompromising pacifism.
C)austerity, militarism, and mixed government.
D)a devotion to scholarly pursuits.
E)vibrant trade with the other Greek city-states.

Answer 1

austerity, militarism, and mixed government.

Question 2

Compare and contrast the civilization of Minoan Crete with that of the early Mycenaeans.What were the main differences between the Cretans and the Mycenaeans?

Answer 2

Differences include ethnic origin, literacy, and the role of warfare in the respective cultures.The role of women and other social factors could also be mentioned.

Question 3

The earliest center of Aegean civilization was

A)Mycenae
B)Crete
C)The Peloponnesus
D)Attica
E)Macedonia

Answer 3

Crete

Question 4

Describe Spartan society.In what ways did it fit the Greek pattern? How did it differ from that of Athens? How would you characterize life in Sparta?

Question 5

What role did the development of Greek tragedy and comedy play in Greek society? What influence did these arts play in the spread of the Ancient Greek culture and how does it influence our understanding of them today?

Question 6

Discuss some of the achievements in Greek Sculpture comparing it to what we have learned about previous civilizations' advances in art.Distinguish the main differences and developments between the Greeks and the Egyptians.How were these advancements important to the Greek heritage? Give an example to illustrate your points.

Question 7

The Peloponnesian League was

A)an anti-Sparta coalition.
B)a cultural society.
C)the earliest Olympic Games committee.
D)a powerful network of alliances formed by Sparta.
E)an alliance of Greek city-states with the goal to control the growing power of Sparta.

Question 8

The Mycenaean period was succeeded by

A)the rise of Thebes.
B)the revival of Crete.
C)a cultural renaissance.
D)cultural, economic, and demographic decline.
E)Persian invasions.

Question 9

Which is not a social class in ancient Sparta?

A)Similars
B)Perioikoi
C)Helots
D)Demos
E)None of these are an ancient Spartan social class

Question 10

Summarize and compare the philosophies of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.How did they constitute a philosophical dynasty?

Question 11

Arête means

A)Excellence
B)Integrity
C)Harmony
D)War
E)Government

Question 12

Which of the following does not apply to the Minoans?

A)Huge elaborate palace complexes
B)A sophisticated culture
C)A flourishing settlement on the Aegean island of Thera
D)A trading network from the Levant to Sicily
E)The earliest form of Phoenician language

Question 13

The Minoans lived in

A)Anatolia
B)Crete
C)Cyprus
D)Mainland Greece
E)Attica

Question 14

Summarize the main contributions of Greek culture.Discuss how and why the Greeks contributed more to Western Civilization than many other ancient peoples.Give three to four examples to demonstrate your point.

Question 15

Demos means

A)the kings
B)the aristocrats
C)the people
D)the merchants
E)the slaves

Question 16

In Spartan society

A)newborns were inspected for fitness by public inspectors.
B)males began military training at age 7, served in the secret service between the ages of 18 and 20, and remained in the army until age 60.
C)women were given a public education and a large degree of freedom.
D)sons were schooled from childhood to be soldiers.
E)All of these

Question 17

The reason the city-state developed in Greece was

A)the Greeks hated kings
B)the need to share individually in small government.
C)the threat of Persian invasion.
D)the mountainous landscape.
E)the need to incorporate women in government

Question 18

Describe the workings of Athenian democracy.Consider its main governmental institutions, the eligibility requirements for participants, and the way in which officeholders were chosen.How do you think the system would have worked if it had allowed the participation of all Athenians, including women and slaves? Could it have worked at all in that case?

Question 19

Greek tyrants, often placed in power by hoplite phalanxes, were

A)totalitarian dictators.
B)foreign usurpers.
C)frequently political and social reformers.
D)universally hated.
E)lacking respect because they lacked the status of elite basileis.

Question 20

Greek religion included all of the following elements except

A)immortal and powerful humanlike gods.
B)a concept of divine justice.
C)a transcendent all-knowing god.
D)divine intervention in human affairs.
E)building temples for the local patron gods.

Question 21

Athenian democracy

A)was direct and participatory.
B)depended on a strong executive.
C)gave women the vote.
D)was indirect and representative.
E)elected consuls for life.

Question 22

Which of the following is not true about Greek religion during the Archaic and Classical periods?

A)While the Olympic gods were worshiped, each polis had its own patron deity.
B)Oracles, such as the one at Delphi, were regularly consulted.
C)Piety and humility became irrelevant as faith was questioned.
D)There was a growing emphasis on Zeus's majesty and justice.
E)Greek temples were built and used to hold ceremonies outside the building.

Question 23

The first woman to win at the Olympics was

A)Athena
B)Xenophon
C)Cynisca
D)Sappho
E)Agesilaus

Question 24

The first known philosopher in Greek society was

A)Socrates
B)Heracleitus
C)Pythagoras
D)Parmenides
E)Thales

Question 25

The poetry and sculpture of Archaic Greece were characterized by

A)emphasis on the communal rather than the individual.
B)impersonal stylization.
C)some degree of realism and individualism.
D)exact imitation of Egyptian models.
E)emphasis on military victories.

Question 26

The Sophists were

A)founders of the great philosophic systems of ancient Greece.
B)teachers of rhetoric who valued success over truth.
C)followers of Socrates.
D)historians.
E)law givers.

Question 27

Classical Greek culture included

A)an emphasis on public life.
B)a creative tension between the religious and the worldly spirit.
C)the Thesmophoria, a three-day women's fertility celebration.
D)never forgetting to focus on public affairs rather than private life.
E)All of these

Question 28

The Parthenon symbolized for the Greeks

A)Wealth, power, and greatness.
B)Religion as the center of their society.
C)A monument to the victory against the Phoenicians
D)A temple to the importance of women
E)All of these

Question 29

After winning the Peloponnesian War, Sparta

A)established a stable new political order.
B)lacked the skills and resources to govern the former Athenian Empire.
C)enjoyed a steady growth of its citizen population.
D)allied with Persia, Corinth, and Thebes.
E)declined as a military power.

Question 30

Lawgivers such as Solon and tyrants such as Cleisthenes helped to develop Athenian democracy by

A)fostering respect for the law.
B)breaking down the aristocracy through equality and mixing.
C)nurturing political stability through ostracism.
D)defusing factionalism.
E)All of these

Question 31

With the Persian Wars behind them, the Greeks

A)entered their Classical period.
B)experienced a prolonged war between Athens and Sparta.
C)became conscious of their common culture and developed contempt for foreigners as "barbarians."
D)united into the Delian League.
E)All of these

Question 32

Major political and economic reforms, eventually leading to demokratia, were made in Athens by

A)Solon.
B)the Eupatrids.
C)the Areopagus.
D)the assembly.
E)the thetas.

Question 33

In Archaic and Classical Greece, homosexuality

A)was the ideal romantic love of the male elite.
B)usually involved a major age difference between male partners.
C)was combined with heterosexual marriage and raising a family.
D)was emphasized by Greek sculpture.
E)All of these

Question 34

Who were the Eupatrids?

A)Kings of Sparta
B)The common people of Athens
C)The Merchants
D)The Aristocrats of Athens
E)The proponents of broad, popular government

Question 35

Which philosopher formed a religious community based on the purity of mathematics?

A)Parmenides
B)Pythagoras
C)Heracleitus
D)Socrates
E)Plato

Question 36

Women in Spartan society were

A)publicly educated.
B)able to inherit property.
C)trained in physical exercise.
D)in charge of much of the day to day operations of the society.
E)All of these

Question 37

The Persian Wars were touched off by

A)the Persian burning of Sparta.
B)the Persian occupation of Crete.
C)Macedonian defiance of Darius.
D)Athenian support of the Ionian revolt.
E)Spartan attacks on Anatolian provinces of Persia.

Question 38

Greek pre-Socratic philosophy included all of the following except

A)an attempt to discover the fundamental element out of which the world is made.
B)a self-avowed love of wisdom.
C)the idea that reality was not the world of the senses.
D)regular, controlled experimentation.
E)the movement away from anthropomorphic explanations.

Question 39

The Ionian philosophers were

A)the first people to ask questions about the universe.
B)pioneers in abstract, rational analysis of causality.
C)great inventors of technology.
D)the last of the great Greek philosophers.
E)supporters of the theory of life after death.

Question 40

The Battle of Marathon resulted in

A)a Persian victory.
B)a draw.
C)an Athenian victory.
D)annihilation of the Athenian army.
E)a victory for the Spartan army.

Question 41

An important consequence of foreign contact for Greece was

A)the emergence of the phalanx.
B)establishing trade routes.
C)the introduction of the alphabet.
D)urbanization.
E)All of these

Question 42

When did the Greeks begin to view outsiders as "barbarians"?

A)in Homeric epics
B)after the Peloponnesian War
C)after the Persian Wars
D)with the invention of Democracy
E)with Socrates

Question 43

Unlike Herodotus, Thucydides was all of the following except

A)a contemporary of the events he described.
B)concerned with careful observation and historical accuracy.
C)a historian of many ancient civilizations.
D)interested in the effects of war on the human soul.
E)interested in emphasizing primary evidence.

Question 44

All of the following are true of Plato except that he

A)believed that truth is found in abstract ideal forms.
B)was interested in scientific observation and experimentation.
C)favored the rule of philosopher-kings.
D)believed in absolute good and evil.
E)distrusted the senses.

Question 45

Describe the central concern of Aeschylus in the Oresteia Trilogy.

A)the balance between human and divine law
B)Morality as a mere social convention
C)The justice of Zeus
D)A conservative mocking of new movements
E)The tension between individual and community

Question 46

Women in Athenian religion were

A)used as slaves in the temple.
B)banished from taking part in any ceremonies.
C)not depicted in religious art.
D)highly regarded as priestesses of the temples.
E)None of these

Question 47

Greek comedy

A)offered a moral commentary on contemporary life.
B)was lively and often obscene.
C)included a play in which women ended the Peloponnesian War by going on a sex strike.
D)was invented in Athens during the Classical Period
E)All of these

Question 48

Herodotus's historiai examined

A)peoples in Europe, Asia, and Africa and the Persian Wars.
B)the Peloponnesian War.
C)scientific subjects such as the circumference of the earth.
D)medicine and the four humors.
E)the history of all religions.

Question 49

"Polis" came to denote a city and community as a whole.

Question 50

Greek tragedy included all of the following except

A)the theme pathos mathei (suffering teaches).
B)heroes with tragic failings.
C)comic relief and the occasional happy ending.
D)katharsis (purification of the senses).
E)a serious sense of a real story with a tragic ending.

Question 51

The Iliad and the Odyssey focus on the Persian Wars.

Question 52

The overall effect of the Peloponnesian War

A)was devastating to Greece as a whole.
B)set the stage for later conquest by external empires.
C)brought an end to the era of the city state.
D)was that Greece could no longer maintain unity against Persia.
E)all of these

Question 53

Mycenaean civilization was at its apex between 1400-1180 B.C.

Question 54

Unlike Plato, Aristotle

A)did not believe in absolute standards of good and evil.
B)emphasized observation and classification of empirical facts.
C)advocated democracy.
D)had little influence in later times.
E)relied on the world of forms for knowledge.

Question 55

The hoplite phalanx was a heavily armed and agile naval formation.

Question 56

All of the following are true of Athenian drama except that it

A)originated in festivals to Dionysus, the god of wine.
B)involved open-air performances.
C)was a poetic medium for the ideology of the polis.
D)was the best prose of Classical Greece.
E)affected modern comedy and tragedy.

Question 57

The Greek genius reached its height in the Archaic period.

Question 58

In Sophocles' Antigone, the heroine

A)struggles to obey divine rather than human law.
B)obeys the laws of the community rather than Zeus.
C)kills her brother and tries to bury him.
D)marries Orestes.
E)commits suicide rather than disobey divine law.

Question 59

Socrates was interested in

A)scientific research.
B)the art of rhetoric.
C)investigating human virtue and truth through questioning.
D)analyzing politics and writing The Republic.
E)explaining the virtue of arête.

Question 60

Plato's philosophical approach may be termed

A)realism.
B)sophism.
C)idealism.
D)Ionian.
E)pragmatism.

Question 61

Solon's reform measures were aimed at restricting trade.

Question 62

Aristotle considers the senses important.

Question 63

Pythagoras believed that the purity of mathematics would improve the human soul.

Question 64

Plato never wrote anything down.

Question 65

Spartan girls received public education in physical training.