Deck 19: Cardiovascular Function

Question 1

An older patient is upset with a blood pressure reading of 180/78 mmHg.What response by the nurse is best?

A)"It looks like you need blood pressure medicine now."
B)"Most people get hypertension when they get older."
C)"Let's plan to check it again tomorrow."
D)"Don't worry,there are lots of good medications for this."

Answer 1

"Let's plan to check it again tomorrow."

Question 2

When administering metoprolol to an older adult patient with hypertension,the nurse is careful to have the patient's care plan include

A)frequent assessment for dizziness or syncope.
B)education of the signs and symptoms of thromboembolism.
C)regular evaluation of the patient's muscle strength.
D)regularly scheduled serum potassium levels.

Answer 2

frequent assessment for dizziness or syncope.

Question 3

An older patient in the internal medicine clinic reports usually being able to walk 1 mile without complaint.However,in the past 2 weeks,after walking just mile,the patient's legs begin to ache.The pain goes away with rest.What action by the nurse is most appropriate?

A)Elevate the patient's legs.
B)Assess the pedal pulses.
C)Take the patient's blood pressure.
D)Measure the patient for TED hose.

Answer 3

Assess the pedal pulses.

Question 4

The nurse educates the obese older adult patient that the single most important outcome that will affect his or her cardiac health is

A)compliance with drug therapy.
B)adherence to the DASH diet.
C)20 minutes of exercise daily.
D)a 10% reduction in weight.

Question 5

An older adult recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI)has been taking subcutaneous heparin but is now to receive oral warfarin.The nurse prepares to teach the patient which topics? (Select all that apply. )

A)Administration of both medications for up to 5 days
B)Need to use a soft bristle toothbrush
C)Use of atropine as an antidote for excessive bleeding
D)Need to continue drawing partial thromboplastin times
E)Need to drink at least eight cups of fluids daily

Question 6

A patient has peripheral vascular disease.What statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

A)"I will have the podiatrist cut my toenails."
B)"I will be sure to wear sturdy shoes."
C)"I can only walk limited distances now."
D)"I will report any injury to my foot or leg."

Question 7

A patient had a heart attack and the nurse identifies the diagnosis as activity intolerance.What assessment finding indicates a priority goal for this diagnosis is being met?

A)Mild chest pain getting into the chair
B)Feels unsteady when getting out of bed
C)O₂ saturation 98% after using the commode
D)Less dyspnea when changing positions

Question 8

An older patient is overwhelmed at the number of lifestyle changes needed to manage newly diagnosed cardiovascular disease.What action by the nurse will reduce this barrier to teaching?

A)Tell the patient even small changes over time make a big difference.
B)Tell the patient that smoking is the biggest risk factor and needs to stop.
C)Help the patient choose a change and incorporate it into daily life.
D)Educate the patient on the consequences of not making changes.

Question 9

A nurse is caring for a patient taking furosemide.What assessment finding needs to be reported to the provider immediately?

A)Weight gain of pound (1.1 kg)in 24 hours
B)2+/4+ pedal and pretibial edema
C)Potassium level: 2.6 mEq/L
D)Sodium level: 138 mEq/L

Question 10

A novice nurse requires additional education on arterial vascular deficiency when suggesting the condition's symptoms include

A)2+ edema in calf and foot of left leg.
B)a 2-cm ulcer between two toes on the left foot.
C)skin on the left leg is cool to the touch.
D)toenails on the left foot are thick and brittle.

Question 11

A 77-year-old patient is being treated for cardiac arrhythmia.The nurse determines that the patient's cardiac output is adequate with which assessments? (Select all that apply. )

A)Urine output of 140 cc over 4 hours
B)Systolic blood pressure that remains within 20 mm of baseline
C)Denial of substernal pain
D)Recollection of the birthdays of all of her grandchildren
E)Absence of rales and crackles

Question 12

The patient is an older,female,African American adult who has a 10-year history of type 2 insulin-dependent diabetes.The nurse notes that the patient's greatest risk for developing secondary hypertension is her

A)gender.
B)ethnic origin.
C)vascular system status.
D)insulin therapy.

Question 13

To evaluate an older patient for possible renal failure as a result of chronic untreated hypertension,nurse prepares to

A)schedule an ultrasound.
B)collect a urine sample.
C)monitor intake and output.
D)order an abdominal x-ray.

Question 14

An older patient is prescribed nifedipine for hypertension.What teaching topic is most important to discuss with this patient?

A)Need to monitor blood pressure
B)Need to follow low-salt diet
C)Need to change positions slowly
D)Need to add exercise to daily routine

Question 15

A 76-year-old patient has been recently diagnosed with cardiac valvular disease.The nurse assesses the patient and recognizes that the medical diagnosis is supported by which finding?

A)Cyanotic fingertips
B)Weight loss of 10 pounds in 3 months
C)Angina pain
D)Shortness of breath with activity

Question 16

A nurse has provided discharge teaching for an older adult patient who had a pacemaker implanted.Which statement by the patient indicates appropriate understanding of the device?

A)"The battery will need charging every 2 years or so."
B)"I'm supposed to call my doctor if my pulse is within 10 beats of my preset rate."
C)"My wife will have to be the one who makes the microwave popcorn."
D)"I'll take my pulse each morning before my first cup of coffee."

Question 17

A novice nurse learns that normal aging can result in changes in the ECG of a 73-year-old patient.The experienced geriatric nurse explains that these changes may include which of the following? (Select all that apply. )

A)An inverted T wave
B)A notched P wave
C)A prolonged PR interval
D)Decreased amplitude of the QRS complex
E)A slurred T wave

Question 18

The effect of aging on the cardiovascular system is evidenced by which symptoms in an older adult performing a stress test? (Select all that apply. )

A)Chest pain during exercise
B)Slow increase of heart rate in response to stress
C)Exercise induce dyspnea
D)Slow decrease of heart rate post exercise
E)Stress-induced arrhythmias

Question 19

The nurse shows an understanding of how anemia symptoms present in the older population when

A)questioning the patient about dizziness when turning over in bed.
B)assessing the patient for pale oral mucous membranes.
C)asking whether the patient takes supplementary iron tablets.
D)assessing the patient's weekly intake of red meat.

Question 20

The nurse is teaching cardiovascular risk factors to a group of older adults.The nurse stresses that cigarette smokers are four times more likely to die of sudden cardiac death than nonsmokers.What is the reason behind this statement?

A)Smoking interferes with the development of collateral coronary vessels.
B)Smoking produces coronary artery stricture.
C)Smoking results in carbon monoxide poisoning.
D)Smoking increases platelet aggregation.