Deck 13: Two Groups Too Many Try Analysis of Variance

Question 1

Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects of region of residence (e.g. ,Northeast,South,Midwest,and West)and income (i.e. ,low,medium,and high)?

A)simple ANOVA
B)one-way ANOVA
C)4 × 3 ANOVA
D)3 × 3 ANOVA

Answer 1

4 × 3 ANOVA

Question 2

The ANOVA is an omnibus test,meaning that it tests ______.

A)specific comparisons
B)overall differences
C)very large samples
D)very small populations

Answer 2

overall differences

Question 3

Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects of gender and region of residence (e.g. ,Northeast,South,Midwest,and West)?

A)simple ANOVA
B)one-way ANOVA
C)2 × 2 ANOVA
D)2 × 4 ANOVA

Answer 3

2 × 4 ANOVA

Question 4

When the research question calls for an examination of the differences in group means among three or more groups,which of the following would be the appropriate procedure?

A)Pearson correlation
B)dependent-sample t test
C)regression
D)analysis of variance

Question 5

The ANOVA can be used to test the differences ______.

A)between two groups only
B)between more than two groups
C)within a single group
D)among three groups only

Question 6

An analysis of variance is termed "simple" because ______.

A)there are fewer than 10 participants
B)testing takes less than 24 hours
C)it uses factorial correlation
D)participants are grouped and compared in only one way

Question 7

A simple analysis of variance is used to study participants who are tested ______.

A)only once
B)only twice
C)once or more
D)twice or more

Question 8

Which of the following is the formula for computing the F statistic?

A)F = MS_between ÷ MS_within
B)F = SS_between ÷ SS_within
C)F = MS_within ÷ MS_between
D)F = SS_within ÷ SS_between

Question 9

A factorial ANOVA includes ______ independent variable(s).

A)more than one
B)only one
C)only two
D)only three or more

Question 10

Variability between groups is due to which of the following?

A)chance
B)the grouping factor
C)the F ratio
D)the level of the dependent variable

Question 11

The ANOVA uses the ______.

A)t test
B)F test
C)p test
D)r test

Question 12

If you wanted to examine whether the degree of parental involvement differs based on students' grade in school (i.e. ,first,second,third,etc. ),what is the independent variable of interest?

A)grade level
B)students
C)parents
D)degree of parent involvement

Question 13

Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects of gender and socioeconomic status (i.e. ,high,medium,and low)on a test of student achievement?

A)simple ANOVA
B)one-way ANOVA
C)2 × 3 ANOVA
D)3 × 3 ANOVA

Question 14

Variability within groups is due to which of the following?

A)chance
B)the grouping factor
C)the F ratio
D)the level of the dependent variable

Question 15

A simple analysis of variance includes how many factor(s)or treatment variables in the analysis?

A)one or more
B)only two
C)three or more
D)only one

Question 16

Which of the following is the same as t² when examining the difference between two groups?

A)T
B)F
C)Cohen's d
D)F²

Question 17

The ANOVA is like an extension of the ______.

A)t test
B)F-test
C)correlation
D)regression

Question 18

If you wanted to examine whether the degree of parental involvement differs based on students' grade in school (i.e. ,first,second,third,etc. ),what is the dependent variable of interest?

A)grade level
B)students
C)parents
D)degree of parent involvement

Question 19

What type of ANOVA is used when there is only one type of treatment or grouping factor with more than two levels?

A)one-way
B)two-way
C)three-way
D)four-way

Question 20

What is a simple analysis of variance also called?

A)the two-way ANOVA
B)factorial ANOVA
C)the one-way ANOVA
D)correlational ANOVA

Question 21

A research study is investigating the effects of studying French 1,2,or 3 hours weekly between fourth graders and ninth graders.Describe the factorial design.

A)2 × 3
B)3 × 2
C)3 × 3
D)6 × 3

Question 22

Using ANOVA,a null hypothesis could look like ______.

A)H₀: µ₁ = µ₂ = µ₃
B)H₀: µ₁ > µ₂ > µ₃
C)H₀: µ₁ = µ₂ > µ₃
D)H₀: µ₁ < µ₂ < µ₃

Question 23

Using ANOVA,an alternative or research hypothesis could look like ______.

A)H₁: µ₁ µ₂ ≠ µ₃
B)H₀: µ₁ > µ₂ > µ₃
C)H₀: µ₁ = µ₂ > µ₃
D)H<sub>1:
1 ≠

2 ≠

3</sub>

Question 24

In a 4 × 3 factorial design,how many levels of the second grouping factor are there?

A)3
B)4
C)7
D)12

Question 25

When interpreting F_(2,27) = 8.80,p < 0.05,how many groups were examined?

A)30
B)27
C)3
D)2

Question 26

In a 4 × 3 factorial design,how many levels are in the first grouping factor?

A)3
B)4
C)7
D)12

Question 27

When computing the degrees of freedom for ANOVA,how is the within-group estimate calculated?

A)n - 1
B)k - 1
C)N - k
D)(n - 1)÷ k

Question 28

In a 5 × 4 factorial ANOVA design,how many possible group assignments for subjects are there?

A)5
B)20
C)4
D)9

Question 29

In a 4 × 3 factorial ANOVA design,how many possible group assignments for subjects are there?

A)3
B)4
C)7
D)12

Question 30

In order to increase the value of the F statistic,which of the following must occur?

A)MS_within > MS_between
B)MS_within = MS_between
C)MS_within < MS_between
D)Ratio = 1

Question 31

When the amount of variability due to within-group differences is equal to the amount of variability due to between-group differences,the F value is equal to ______.

A)0
B)1
C)-1
D)2

Question 32

When interpreting F_(2,27) = 8.80,p < 0.05,what is the within-groups df?

A)30
B)27
C)3
D)2

Question 33

When computing the degrees of freedom for ANOVA,how is the between-group estimate calculated?

A)n - 1
B)k - 1
C)N - k
D)(n - 1)÷ k

Question 34

What is the impact on the F value when the MS_within is lower than the MS_between?

A)>1
B)<1
C)1
D)0

Question 35

What is the first step in the computation of the F statistic?

A)Set the level of risk.
B)Select the appropriate test.
C)Compute the obtained value.
D)State the null and research hypotheses.

Question 36

When interpreting F_(2,27) = 8.80,p < 0.05,what is the total sample size examined?

A)30
B)29
C)3
D)2

Question 37

If the MS_between is higher than your MS_within,the F value will be ______.

A)>1
B)<1
C)1
D)0

Question 38

When interpreting F_(2,27) = 8.80,p < 0.05,what is the between-groups df?

A)30
B)27
C)3
D)2

Question 39

If the MS_between is lower than your MS_within,the F value will be ______.

A)>1
B)<1
C)1
D)0

Question 40

What is the impact on the F value when the MS_within is higher than the MS_between?

A)>1
B)<1
C)1
D)0

Question 41

ANOVA first tests for an overall difference between the means,known as what type of test?

A)omnibus
B)pluribus
C)omnivorous
D)omnibor

Question 42

The level of significance in the computation of the F statistic has been chosen.What is the next step?

A)Set the level of risk.
B)Select the appropriate test.
C)Compute the obtained value.
D)State the research hypotheses.

Question 43

Analysis of variance refers to ANOVA.

Question 44

When interpreting F_(2,57) = 10.80,p < 0.01,what is the total sample size examined?

A)60
B)57
C)3
D)2

Question 45

In ANOVA,the variance due to differences in performance is separated into variance that is due to differences between individuals ______ groups and variance due to differences ______ groups.

A)within;between
B)above;between
C)above;within
D)over;between

Question 46

A researcher wants to create an intervention to improve the well-being of first-semester graduate students,so she gives one group of students specific doses of rocky road ice cream,the next group of students specific doses of licorice,and the third group of students specific doses of chewy fruit-flavored candies for their treatments.To analyze the differences in well-being between the types of treatment,she would use a(n)______.

A)dependent-samples t test
B)analysis of variance
C)independent-samples t test
D)repeated-measures analysis of variance

Question 47

Talking about the direction of specific differences in ANOVA makes no sense because it is a(n)______ test.

A)monobus
B)multibus
C)omnibus
D)octobus

Question 48

ANOVA constitutes a pairwise comparison.

Question 49

A research study is investigating the effects of studying Chinese 1 or 2 hours weekly between eleventh graders and twelfth graders.How would this factorial design be best described?

A)2 × 2
B)3 × 2
C)2 × 3
D)3 × 3

Question 50

There are several types of ANOVA.

Question 51

When multiple t tests are performed,which of the following is TRUE?

A)There is a 10% chance of committing a Type I error.
B)The risk of Type I error is not impacted.
C)The risk of Type I error decreases.
D)The risk of Type I error increases.

Question 52

If you wanted to examine whether television viewing differs based on students' grade in school (i.e. ,first,second,third),what is the independent variable of interest?

A)grade level
B)students
C)academic performance
D)television viewing

Question 53

The next step after stating the null and research hypotheses in the computation of the F statistic is to do which of the following?

A)Set the level of risk.
B)Select the appropriate test.
C)Compute the obtained value.
D)Restate the research hypotheses.

Question 54

Pairwise comparisons can be used in order to determine whether there are significant differences between specific groups.

Question 55

When interpreting F_(2,57) = 10.80,p < 0.01,how many groups were examined?

A)60
B)57
C)3
D)2

Question 56

What is the next step after choosing a specific test in the computation of the F statistic?

A)setting the level of risk
B)selecting the appropriate test
C)computing the obtained value
D)stating research hypotheses

Question 57

When interpreting F_(2,57) = 10.80,p < 0.01,what is the within-groups df?

A)60
B)57
C)3
D)2

Question 58

When interpreting F_(2,57) = 10.80,p < 0.01,what is the between-groups df?

A)60
B)27
C)3
D)2

Question 59

The simple analysis of variance,or one-way analysis of variance,includes only one factor or treatment variable in the analysis.

Question 60

When examining whether television viewing differs based on students' grade in school (i.e. ,first,second,third),the dependent variable of interest is ______.

A)grade level
B)students
C)academic performance
D)television viewing

Question 61

What is the sum of squares total?

Question 62

How is ANOVA similar to and different from a t test?

Question 63

The F ratio is a ratio of the variability between groups to the variability within groups.

Question 64

What is the MS_between value?

Question 65

How would you interpret the equation: H_1: X₁ ≠ X₂ ≠ X₃ ?

Question 66

What is the F value?

Question 67

All F-tests are nondirectional.

Question 68

When you perform multiple t tests,you increase the Type II error rate to higher than an acceptable rate.

Question 69

The analysis of variance tests the difference between only two means.

Question 70

Factorial design is a simpler type of ANOVA in which there is only one treatment factor being explored.

Question 71

What is the MS_within value?

Question 72

Why is this statistical technique called analysis of variance?

Question 73

Why is it best not to perform multiple t tests on the same data?

Question 74

How would you interpret the equation: H_0: µ₁ = µ₂ = µ₃?