Deck 5: Domestic Sources of Foreign Policy

Question 1

According to Hans Morgenthau the primary foreign policy interest of a state is

A) economic.
B) power.
C) legitimacy.
D) cooperation.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Foreign policy objectives typically

A) are vague and nondescript.
B) assume the national interest of the nation.
C) provide a vision for influencing the behavior of other state and nonstate actors.
D) are specific and narrow.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

In the United States,the percentage of population that can be considered politically active is about

A) 5 percent.
B) 0 percent.
C) 25 percent.
D) 40 percent.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

After the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990,the foreign policy preference ordering for Humanitarians was

A) nothing > war > sanctions.
B) sanctions > nothing > war.
C) war > sanctions > nothing.
D) nothing > sanctions > war.

Question 5

In order to understand whose interests become the national interest and how,we need to examine both

A) domestic and international forces.
B) individual leaders and the lobbying process.
C) the role of leaders and type of economic system.
D) structure of government and societal influences.

Question 6

When studying the foreign policy of states,analysts need to examine both

A) lobbying groups and checks and balances.
B) the political culture and institutional structures.
C) formulation and implementation.
D) local and national forces.

Question 7

After the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990,the foreign policy preference ordering for Pacifists was

A) nothing > war > sanctions.
B) sanctions > nothing > war.
C) war > sanctions > nothing.
D) nothing > sanctions > war.

Question 8

National consensus on the goals and means of foreign policy is

A) relatively easy to achieve.
B) rare.
C) frequent.
D) impossible.

Question 9

Leaders seek the foreign policy objectives of

A) the public sector.
B) the private sector.
C) neither A or B.
D) both A and B.

Question 10

A guide to actions taken beyond the boundaries of the state to further the goals of the state is called

A) the Statesman's Handbook.
B) the UN Charter.
C) foreign policy.
D) decision making.

Question 11

Openness of a political system is determined by the

A) degree of difficulty foreign intelligence agencies face in acquiring sensitive information.
B) level of immigration that a state allows.
C) extent to which a government is subject to influences from society.
D) ease with which foreigners can settle into the society.

Question 12

The pluralist view argues that

A) national welfare is maximized when societies are generally ruled by diverse groups who can maintain order and provide direction.
B) political and societal leaders fundamentally agree on what the national goals should be.
C) foreign policy is a continual fight between the power elites and the pluralist masses in the society.
D) different groups in the society fight and win different political battles at different times.

Question 13

In his last public address as president,General Dwight Eisenhower warned about the political influence of a newly powerful

A) Congress.
B) military-industrial complex.
C) elite class.
D) Soviet Union.

Question 14

In the context of the government's relationship with society,openness refers to the

A) freedom given to opposition groups.
B) accessibility of the chief executive.
C) fairness of local laws.
D) ability of society to influence government.

Question 15

The power elite view argues that

A) national welfare is maximized when societies are generally ruled by power elites who can maintain order and provide direction.
B) political and societal leaders fundamentally agree on what the national goals should be.
C) foreign policy is a continual fight between the power elites and the masses in the society.
D) different groups in the society fight and win different political battles at different times.

Question 16

___________overwhelmingly believe the United States must use military force to stop aggression;economic sacrifices are not enough.

A) Conservatives
B) Liberals
C) Libertarians
D) Feminists

Question 17

When contemporary international relations analysts examine the construct of two-level games,what they seek to understand better is the

A) linkages between domestic coalitions and international actors and actions.
B) connections between cognition and competition.
C) dispute between realists and transnationalists.
D) linkages between Democrats and Republicans.

Question 18

Analysts have examined states' geopolitical environments,their historical experiences,and political cultures in an effort to account for their

A) preference orderings.
B) political openness.
C) power elite.
D) strategic culture.

Question 19

According to realists,the central objectives of states are

A) military and security interests.
B) class and economic interests.
C) security and class interests.
D) economic and military interests.

Question 20

The "iron triangle" represents the close relationship between

A) politicians,the military,and foreign ambassadors.
B) the president,Congress,and defense contractors.
C) politicians,the military,and defense contractors.
D) Congress,the power elite,and defense contractors.

Question 21

Following the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon buildings,President George W Bush's approval rating

A) skyrocketed to 86 percent.
B) jumped to 50 percent.
C) dipped to 50 percent.
D) nose-dived to 36 percent.

Question 22

A viewpoint that aggression and violence are masculine characteristics and that women are more forgiving and peace-loving is known as

A) standpoint feminism.
B) passive feminism.
C) liberal feminism.
D) humanitarianism.

Question 23

What is the democratic peace and how does it influence state behavior? Explain with reference to foreign policy issues.

Question 24

According to standpoint feminists,the gender gap is a result of

A) differences in masculine and feminine roles.
B) differences in education and income.
C) differences in the representation of women in government.
D) differences in the biological essences of man and woman.

Question 25

A survey of elite opinion in the United States shows that there is

A) still a strong elite consensus on the means by which foreign policy should be pursued and which ends are important.
B) no longer any elite consensus on the means by which foreign policy should be pursued and which ends are important.
C) still strong elite consensus on the means by which foreign policy should be pursued but not which ends are important.
D) no longer any elite consensus on the means by which foreign policy should be pursued,although there is still elite consensus on which ends are important.

Question 26

The view from feminism that disputes any natural inclination of women to differ from men in their attitudes on foreign policy is known as

A) liberal feminism.
B) standpoint feminism.
C) radical feminism.
D) natural feminism.

Question 27

The ability of a leader to shape public opinion and generate support for a crisis

A) usually holds for the short term only.
B) depends on the security situation.
C) is a function of elite opinion only.
D) is related to the attitude of the opposition.

Question 28

Women holding high position in the U.S.foreign policy establishment

A) pursue more dovish policies than men.
B) behave no differently from men.
C) pursue more hawkish policies than men.
D) have no impact on real foreign policy decisions.

Question 29

What is foreign policy? Why and how do we study it? Explain.

Question 30

What is the difference between power elite and pluralist conceptions of foreign policymaking? Explain.

Question 31

In the aftermath of 9/11,the gender gap on foreign policy issues in the United States

A) increased.
B) decreased.
C) remained the same.
D) disappeared.

Question 32

Wars are harmful to the political health of those who conduct them

A) in the short run.
B) in the long run.
C) when waged against non-democracies.
D) when international support wavers.

Question 33

Compared to public opinion in many other democracies,American public opinion toward the military,viewed in terms of military spending priorities in the cold war era was

A) extremely stable.
B) extremely positive.
C) extremely negative.
D) characterized by wide swings.

Question 34

The rally-'round-the-flag phenomenon

A) helps incumbents to gamer support for foreign policy initiatives.
B) helps Democrats and hurts Republican presidents.
C) does not change the president's popularity.
D) describes laws protecting the U.S.flag as a symbol of the federal government.

Question 35

Perceptions of individual rights,expectations of limited government,shifting coalitions,and toleration of dissent by a presumably loyal opposition help to explain

A) international conflict.
B) rally-'round-the-flag effect.
C) normative democratic peace.
D) liberal feminism.

Question 36

The president is less constrained by public opinion on foreign policy decisions during

A) an election year.
B) an immediate international crisis.
C) the winter months.
D) the summer months.

Question 37

What is the gender gap? How important is it for understanding foreign policy of the United States? Explain.

Question 38

What impact does public opinion have on foreign policy decisions? Explain.

Question 39

In what ways does the realist assumption that states are unitary actors limit our understanding of state behavior? Explain with reference to foreign policy issues.

Question 40

Following the air campaign commenced in Operation Desert Storm,President George H.W.Bush's approval rating

A) increased by 19 percent.
B) decreased by 19 percent.
C) increased by 40 percent.
D) decreased by 40 percent.