Deck 8: Leadership

Question 1

Which of the following is not useful in building trust?

A)keeping your feelings to yourself
B)demonstrating that you're working for others' interests as well as your own
C)showing consistency in the basic values that guide your decision making
D)demonstrating competence

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is not a true statement about leadership?

A)Extraversion is more strongly related to leader effectiveness than leader emergence.
B)The link between emotional intelligence and leadership effectiveness has not had as much investigation compared to other traits.
C)Ambition and energy are part of extraversion.
D)Most of the dozens of traits concerning leadership can be subsumed under one of the Big Five personality trait categories.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Reliability,predictability,and good judgment in handling situations is the dimension of trust known as:

A)openness.
B)loyalty.
C)integrity.
D)consistency.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Three situational criteria identified in the Fiedler model are:

A)charisma,influence,and leader- member relations.
B)task structure,leadership ability,and group conflict.
C)job requirements,position power,and leadership ability.
D)leader- member relations,task structure,and position power.

Question 5

is the dimension of trust that refers to the degree to which you can rely on the person to tell you the full truth.

A)Integrity
B)Consistency
C)Loyalty
D)Openness

Question 6

The two dimensions of leader behaviour explained in the Ohio State studies are:

A)motivation and charisma.
B)employee- oriented and production- oriented.
C)initiating structure and consideration.
D)coercion and motivation.

Question 7

You have decided to use Fiedler's LPC questionnaire to help your employees learn more about their leadership styles.Each of your employees has filled out and scored the instrument.It is your job to try to explain how to use this information. The Fiedler model proposes:

A)changing the employees.
B)matching leaders and situations.
C)changing the leader.
D)changing the situation.

Question 8

A leader high in initiating structure would do which of the following?

A)Have concern for subordinates' status and satisfaction.
B)Help subordinates with personal problems.
C)Treat all subordinates as equal.
D)Assign group members to particular tasks.

Question 9

The type of leaders who guide or motivate their followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirements are:

A)employee- oriented leaders.
B)transactional leaders.
C)transformational leaders.
D)charismatic leaders.

Question 10

Which of the following is not true about the study of trait theories and leadership?

A)By the 1990s,the thinking was that "leaders are not like other people."
B)Intelligence has been found to be the trait with the strongest and most consistent relationship to leadership.
C)By the late 1960s,nearly 80 leadership traits were identified.
D)Trait theories differentiate leaders from non- leaders by focusing on personal qualities and characteristics.

Question 11

If trait research had been successful,we would _ ,whereas if behavioural studies were correct,we would

A)select the right person for the job; train leaders.
B)change jobs to suit people; change people to suit jobs.
C)only hire women; hire either men or women.
D)teach people certain traits; teach people certain behaviours.

Question 12

The path- goal theory was developed by:

A)Robert House.
B)Vroom and Yetton.
C)Max Weber
D)Fred Fiedler.

Question 13

Your company's HR director is a believer in trait theories of leadership.He believes that he can differentiate leaders from non- leaders by focusing on personal qualities and characteristics.You want to help shed some light on this perspective. You should inform your HR director that research efforts at isolating leadership traits have:

A)definitively identified six leadership traits.
B)resulted in a number of dead ends.
C)identified two traits that guarantee success.
D)identified universal traits predicting success in all situations.

Question 14

Which theory states that personal qualities and characteristics differentiate leaders from non- leaders?

A)contingency theory
B)LPC
C)trait theory
D)path- goal theory

Question 15

Renee's work environment is highly dynamic.Tasks are never clearly structured and details tend to change along the way.Renee has been placed into the role of team leader. According to the path- goal theory,Renee should use:

A)Supportive leadership.
B)Directive leadership.
C)Participative leadership.
D)Achievement- orientated leadership.

Question 16

Who developed the LPC (least preferred co- worker)questionnaire?

A)House
B)Fiedler
C)Ohio State University researchers
D)Blake and Mouton

Question 17

As you have observed your department manager and her interactions with the department's employees,you have come to believe in leader- member exchange theory.You have noticed that Sarah and Joe get less of the manager's time.Sally gets fewer of the preferred rewards that the manager controls and John has a relationship with the manager based on formal authority interactions.Rebecca is trusted.Jennifer gets a disproportionate amount of the manager's attention and is more likely to receive special privileges. According to leader- member exchange theory,which of the following employees is likely to be included in the out- group?

A)Jennifer
B)Sarah
C)Rebecca
D)none of the above

Question 18

According to House's path- goal theory,which of the following leadership styles is likely to be perceived as redundant among employees with high perceived ability or with considerable experience?

A)supportive
B)achievement- oriented
C)directive
D)participative

Question 19

Fiedler labels the degree of confidence,trust,and respect subordinates have in their leader as:

A)position power.
B)employee- oriented.
C)task structure.
D)leader- member relations.

Question 20

You have decided to use Fiedler's LPC questionnaire to help your employees learn more about their leadership styles.Each of your employees has filled out and scored the instrument.It is your job to try to explain how to use this information. Which of the following is an important contingency dimension in Fiedler's LPC model?

A)position power
B)task structure
C)leader- member relations
D)All of the above are important dimensions in this model.

Question 21

The two leaders in your department are very different.John believes that he should guide and motivate by clarification of the roles and tasks of his subordinates.Alan feels that his role should be to provide individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation.Most of the workers believe that both leaders are well trained,but Alan has a special "spark" that employees feel when they work with him. That special "spark" that people notice when they work with Alan may be termed:

A)transactional.
B)structure.
C)charisma.
D)laissez- faire.

Question 22

Which of the following is not part of the four- step process charismatic leaders use to influence followers?

A)The leader does not allow resource restraints to influence efforts to bring about change
B)The leader articulates an appealing vision.
C)The leader engages in unconventional behaviour to demonstrate courage and convictions about the vision.
D)The leader conveys a set of values.

Question 23

If behavioural leadership theories are correct,then:

A)leaders are born with leadership behaviours.
B)leadership trait theories are incorrect.
C)leader behaviour should be altered.
D)leadership can be learned.

Question 24

The leadership behaviours identified by the path- goal theory are:

A)participative,goal- oriented,and supportive.
B)supportive,directive,participative,and achievement- oriented.
C)achievement- oriented and humanistic.
D)participative and autocratic.

Question 25

Which of the following is not a dimension of trust?

A)competence
B)distance
C)integrity
D)loyalty

Question 26

The conclusion arrived at by the University of Michigan researchers strongly favoured:

A)technical- oriented leaders.
B)humanistic leaders.
C)production- oriented leaders.
D)employee- oriented leaders.

Question 27

According to the Ohio State studies,the extent to which a leader is likely to have job relationships characterised by mutual trust and respect for his/her employees is:

A)concern for production.
B)consideration.
C)initiating structure.
D)task- oriented.

Question 28

The Ohio State studies,Fiedler's model,path- goal theory,and the leader- participation model all concerned the _ leader.

A)charismatic
B)employee- oriented
C)transactional
D)transformational

Question 29

Leadership is:

A)not something that can be learned.
B)an inherited trait.
C)the ability to influence a group in goal achievement.
D)a trait held by all managers.

Question 30

The _ theory argues that because of time pressures,leaders establish a special relationship with a small group of their subordinates.

A)path- goal
B)Fiedler leadership
C)leader- member exchange
D)managerial grid

Question 31

If the least preferred co- worker is described in relatively positive terms,then the respondent is:

A)task- oriented.
B)technical- oriented.
C)relationship- oriented.
D)humanistic.

Question 32

The two leaders in your department are very different.John believes that he should guide and motivate by clarification of the roles and tasks of his subordinates.Alan feels that his role should be to provide individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation.Most of the workers believe that both leaders are well trained,but Alan has a special "spark" that employees feel when they work with him. Alan is a _ leader.

A)Theory X
B)transactional
C)laissez- faire
D)transformational

Question 33

Which of the following is not a contingency theory?

A)the Fiedler model
B)Path- goal theory
C)leader- member exchange theory
D)University of Michigan studies

Question 34

As you have observed your department manager and her interactions with the department's employees,you have come to believe in leader- member exchange theory.You have noticed that Sarah and Joe get less of the manager's time.Sally gets fewer of the preferred rewards that the manager controls and John has a relationship with the manager based on formal authority interactions.Rebecca is trusted.Jennifer gets a disproportionate amount of the manager's attention and is more likely to receive special privileges. According to leader- member exchange theory,the in- group is likely to be comprised of:

A)Rebecca.
B)Jennifer.
C)both Rebecca and Jennifer
D)none of the above

Question 35

Consideration of was missing from the behavioural theories.

A)employee satisfaction
B)traits
C)employee turnover
D)situational factors

Question 36

The two dimensions of leadership behaviour identified in the University of Michigan studies are:

A)employee- oriented and production- oriented.
B)consideration and influence.
C)initiating structure and consideration.
D)structured coercion and respect initiation.

Question 37

The evidence indicates that leaders who are seem to have the advantage when it comes to leadership.

A)extraverted
B)conscientious
C)open
D)all of the above

Question 38

According to leader- member exchange theory,which of the following is not true of those individuals who fall into the out- group?

A)They are trusted.
B)They get less of the leader's time.
C)They get fewer of the preferred rewards that the leader controls.
D)They have leader- follower relations based on formal authority interaction.

Question 39

The two leaders in your department are very different.John believes that he should guide and motivate by clarification of the roles and tasks of his subordinates.Alan feels that his role should be to provide individualised consideration and intellectual stimulation.Most of the workers believe that both leaders are well trained,but Alan has a special "spark" that employees feel when they work with him. John is a leader.

A)team
B)transactional
C)charismatic
D)transformational

Question 40

Which of the following is true regarding the leader- member exchange theory?

A)Evidence shows that leaders do differentiate among followers.
B)The research is generally supportive of the theory.
C)Followers with in- group status will have higher performance ratings.
D)All of the above.

Question 41

Non- sanctioned leadership is:

A)leadership without vision.
B)often as important as formal influence.
C)the essence of the path- goal theory.
D)never important.

Question 42

Good brings about order and consistency by drawing up formal plans.

A)management
B)inspiration
C)vision
D)leadership

Question 43

The type of leader who inspires followers to transcend their own self- interest for the good of the organisation and who is capable of having a profound effect on his/her followers is a(n):

A)transformational leader.
B)transcendent leader.
C)transactional leader.
D)employee- oriented leader.

Question 44

Most researchers have concluded that charisma cannot be learned.

Question 45

The University of Michigan studies found production- oriented leaders were associated with higher group productivity.

Question 46

Management is about coping with complexity while leadership is about coping with change.

Question 47

There is an increasing body of research that shows impressive correlation between transformational leadership and higher productivity,lower turnover rates,and higher employee satisfaction.

Question 48

Fiedler created the "most preferred co- worker" (MPC)questionnaire to study leadership.

Question 49

Research to support theories of leadership that attempted to find universal personality traits that leaders possessed to a greater degree than non- leaders has proved very effective.

Question 50

Transactional leaders are charismatic leaders.

Question 51

Level- 5 leaders refer to:

A)those that lead from an ivory tower (i.e.the 5th floor or top floor of a company).
B)leaders who are fiercely ambitious but their ambition is directed to their company rather than themselves.
C)transactional leaders.
D)Theory X leaders.

Question 52

According to the leader- member exchange theory,even though it is the leader doing the choosing,it is the characteristics of the followers that drive the leader's categorising decision.

Question 53

There are some traits that have been found to show a strong and consistent relationship to leadership.

Question 54

The Fiedler contingency model proposes that effective group performance depends upon the proper match between the leader's style and the degree to which the situation gives control to the leader..

Question 55

Research to test leader- member exchange theory has been generally supportive.

Question 56

Recent research has identified various dimensions that underlie the concept of trust.Integrity appears to be the most critical when assessing someone's trustworthiness.

Question 57

Trust implies familiarity and risk.

Question 58

The leadership model that integrates the expectancy model of motivation with the Ohio State leadership research is:

A)leader- participation.
B)Fiedler.
C)path- goal.
D)autocratic- democratic.

Question 59

Leadership and management are two terms that are seldom confused.

Question 60

The trait theories of leadership sought to find personality,social,physical,or intellectual traits that leaders had to some greater degree than non- leaders.

Question 61

Organisations need strong leadership and strong management for optimum effectiveness.

Question 62

Identify and explain the common traits that have been consistently linked to effective leadership.

Question 63

Fiedler's theory is based on the assumption that leaders can't change their styles to fit changing situations.

Question 64

What is charismatic leadership?

Question 65

Due to its complexity,testing the path- goal theory hasn't proved easy.

Question 66

What is the difference between transactional leadership and transformational leadership?

Question 67

One implication of the behavioural theories of leadership is that leaders can be trained.

Question 68

Discuss the leader- member exchange theory (LMX).

Question 69

The Ohio State Studies used two dimensions: initiating structure and consideration.

Question 70

What are the predictions of the path- goal theory?

Question 71

Discuss the two dimensions of leadership described in the Ohio State studies.

Question 72

Charismatic leadership tends to have the most impact when the followers' task has a high ideological component or when the environment involves a high degree of stress and uncertainty..

Question 73

What is the difference between leadership and management?

Question 74

Explain Fiedler's contingency model.Include the LPC (least preferred coworker)questionnaire and the key situational factors that determine leadership effectiveness in your discussion.

Question 75

The contingency approach to leadership would be best served by an autocratic leadership style.

Question 76

The leader- participation model identifies two leadership behaviours: initiating structure and consideration.