Deck 14: Regression Analysis

Question 1

Whenever the value of the correlation is negative

A) the resulting predictions will be inaccurate
B) the amount of information about Y being contained in X is zero
C) both of these
D) neither of these

Answer 1

neither of these

Question 2

The higher the correlation between X and Y

A) the more the scatter points deviate from the regression line
B) the more the scatter points cluster around the regression line
C) the more the scatter points create a circular configuration
D) none of these

Answer 2

the more the scatter points cluster around the regression line

Question 3

When high scores on X associate with low scores on Y, the regression line

A) has a negative slope
B) crosses the ordinate at the zero point
C) runs parallel to the abscissa
D) runs parallel to the ordinate

Answer 3

has a negative slope

Question 4

When Y decreases by one unit for each equal unit increase in X, then

A) the intercept value will be negative
B) the slope value will be negative
C) the correlation value will be positive
D) both a and b, but not c

Question 5

The regression line's point of intercept designates

A) the slope of the line
B) the amount of change in Y which accompanies a given change in X
C) the value of Y when X is equal to zero
D) the strength of the correlation

Question 6

When the correlation between X and Y is zero, then the safest prediction of Y which can be made, give information on X,

A) is the mean of X
B) is the mean of Y
C) is the mean of the combined distributions of X and Y
D) none of these

Question 7

The regression line

A) is drawn through the points on a scatter plot
B) is a straight line
C) comes closet to the majority of the scatter points
D) all of these

Question 8

The slope of the regression line

A) may never be negative
B) may never be greater than +1.00
C) may never be greater than the correlation value
D) none of these

Question 9

In regression analysis, the amount of change in Y which accompanies a given unit change in X is designated by

A) the slope of the regression line
B) the Y intercept
C) the "a" value
D) the magnitude of the difference between X and Y

Question 10

In the regression equation for Y on X, the "a" term symbolizes

A) the slope of the line
B) the amount of scatter around the line
C) the point of intercept
D) the correlation coefficient

Question 11

In order to produce the regression line, the researcher must know

A) how much the scatter points deviate from the line
B) the slope of the line
C) where the line crosses the ordinate
D) all of these

Question 12

In regression analysis, when Y increases by two units for each equal single-unit increase in X, then

A) the intercept equals +2.00
B) the intercept equals +.50
C) the slope equals +2.00
D) the slope equals +.50

Question 13

The major goal of correlational research is to

A) establish cause-and-effect relationships
B) analyze the effects of an actively manipulated independent variable
C) evaluate the results of experimental research
D) make better-than-chance predictions

Question 14

The regression equation of Y on X

A) produces a straight line
B) produces a curvilinear relationship
C) always slopes from upper left to lower right
D) all of these

Question 15

Whenever the correlation has a positive value, so too will the

A) slope of the regression line be positive
B) Y intercept be positive
C) mean of the Y distribution
D) mean of the X distribution be positive

Question 16

The slope of the regression line is designated as the

A) "a" term
B) "b" term
C) "y" term
D) "r" term

Question 17

When the correlation between X and Y is equal to zero, then the only possible value that the Y pred. may take on is

A) zero
B) a value equal to the slope
C) a value equal to the mean of X
D) a value equal to the mean of Y

Question 18

The higher the correlation between X and Y, then

A) the higher the probability of having isolated the causal factor
B) the higher the probability of having sampled from a single population
C) the higher the probability of inflating the alpha error
D) the more accurate the resulting predictions

Question 19

The higher the value of the Y intercept

A) the higher the correlation value
B) the higher the slope value
C) the higher the value of the mean of X
D) none of these

Question 20

The regression of Y on X allows for

A) predictions of Y, given information on X
B) predictions of X, given information on X, Y, and Z
C) predictions of both X and Y, given information on a third variable
D) none of these

Question 21

When using the standard error of estimate for establishing a confidence interval of .99, then a t ratio for an alpha of

A) +1.00 should be used
B) .05 should be used
C) .99 should be used
D) .01 should be used

Question 22

The value of the standard error of estimate may never be greater than

A) 1.00
B) 0
C) the mean of Y
D) the standard deviation of Y

Question 23

The higher the correlation between X and Y, then

A) the more likely it is to be positive
B) the less likely that null will be rejected
C) the less the predicted value of Y may deviate from the mean of Y
D) The more the predicted value of Y may deviate from the mean of Y

Question 24

Whenever the calculated value of r equals the critical, tabled value of r for a given number of degrees of freedom, then

A) There is a failure to reject Ho
B) Ho is rejected
C) the mean of Z equals the mean of Y
D) the alpha error is rejected

Question 25

When predicting a student's GPA on the basis of the Verbal SAT score, the regression line was equal to .01X + .10. This means that there was

A) a .01 increase in GPA for each point increase in SAT
B) a .01 increase in SAT for each point increase in GPA
C) an SAT value of .10 when the the GPA was equal to zero
D) a and c, but not b

Question 26

When the correlation between X and Y equals zero, the standard error of estimate

A) equals 0
B) equals the mean of Y
C) equals the standard deviation of Y
D) equals 1.00

Question 27

The lower the value of the correlation between X and Y, the more the predicted Y value

A) will regress toward the mean of Y
B) will deviate from the mean of Y
C) will assume a mean of zero
D) both b and c, but not a

Question 28

The most accurate predictions are made when the standard error of estimate equals

A) 1.00
B) 0
C) the mean of Y
D) the standard deviation of Y

Question 29

The value of the standard error of estimate may never be less than

A) 1.00
B) 0
C) the mean of Y
D) the standard deviation of Y

Question 30

When the standard deviation of both the X and Y distributions are equal, then

A) the value of the slope equals the value of the correlation
B) the value of the Y intercept equals the mean of Y
C) the value of X equals the value of Y
D) none of these

Question 31

When using the standard error of estimate for establishing the confidence interval at .95, then a t ratio for an alpha of

A) +1.00 should be used
B) .05 should be used
C) .95 should be used
D) .01 should be used

Question 32

When the standard deviation of the Y distribution equals zero, then

A) the slope of the regression line of Y on X equals zero
B) the mean of X equals zero
C) the mean of Y equals zero
D) none of these

Question 33

When the correlation between X and Y equals zero, then the slope of the regression line of Y on X is equal to

A) the mean of Y
B) the point of intercept
C) zero
D) none of these

Question 34

According to the regression concept, the children of very tall parents

A) should be taller than average, but shorter than their parents
B) should be at least as tall as their parents
C) should be below average in height
D) should just as likely be tall as short

Question 35

The discovery of the regression phenomenon is credited to

A) Karl Pearson
B) Sir Francis Galton
C) Sir Ronald Fisher
D) Dr. Sigmund Gestalt

Question 36

When the correlation in a sample is found to be significant, then it is assumed that

A) the mean of Y differs from the mean of X in the population
B) the mean of Y equals the mean of X in the population
C) the regression of Y on X cannot be determined
D) the correlation also exists in the population

Question 37

When the Y intercept equals +1.00, then

A) the correlation between X and Y equals +1.00
B) the slope of the regression line equals +1.00
C) an X score of +1.00 corresponds with a Y score of 0
D) a Y score of +1.00 corresponds with an X score of 0

Question 38

When the correlation between X and Y equals 1.00, the standard error of estimate

A) equals 0
B) equals the mean of Y
C) equals the standard deviation of Y
D) equals 1.00

Question 39

When predicting a student's GPA on the basis of the Verbal SAT score, the regression line was equal to .01X + .10. This means that there was

A) a .01 decrease in GPA for each point increase in SAT
B) a .10 increase in GPA for each point increase in SAT
C) a predicted GPA of .10 when the SAT score was at its minimum value
D) a predicted GPA of .01 when the SAT score was at its minimum value

Question 40

When the slope of the regression line equals -3.00, then

A) the Y intercept equals -3.00
B) there is a 3 equal-unit gain in Y for each unit gain in X
C) there is a 3 equal-unit loss in Y for each unit gain in X
D) there is a one-third, equal-unit loss in Y for each unit gain in X

Question 41

In order to use the multiple R,

A) there must be at least three internal correlations
B) at least four variables must be involved
C) the correlation between variables 1 and 2 must not be significant
D) Ho must be accepted

Question 42

In a two variable linear regression, the intercept indicates the value of when X is at its minimum value.

Question 43

When predicting from a three-factor, multiple R, the value of b indicates

A) the first intercept
B) the criterion variables
C) the first predictor variable
D) how much change in Y will occur for a given change in the first predictor,

Question 44

The technique employed for establishing the correlation that is left over between two variables, when both are known to be correlated with a third variable, is called the

A) multiple R
B) coefficient of determination
C) product-moment
D) partial correlation

Question 45

The most efficient use of the multiple R is when

A) its value is higher than any of the values of the separate, internal correlations with the y variable
B) its value is lower than the values of the separate, internal correlations
C) the scores to be predicted are in nominal form
D) the research is experimental

Question 46

When all the points in a scatter plot lie directly on the regression line of Y and X, then

A) X has caused Y
B) the correlation must equal 0
C) the correlation cannot be calculated
D) the correlation must equal +1.00

Question 47

If X correlates .95 with Y, then Y correlates .95 with X.

Question 48

When information regarding two or more predictor variables is combined in order to predict performance on Y, then the appropriate statistical test is

A) the partial correlation
B) the Galton "g"
C) the Yates Correction
D) the multiple R

Question 49

When a correlation value among three or more interval-data variables is required, then the appropriate statistical test is

A) the multiple R
B) the Pearson r
C) the Spearman rs
D) the multi-factor V

Question 50

A major difference between the Pearson r and the multiple R is that the multiple R requires the use of

A) sample data
B) population data
C) an accuracy measure
D) more than two variables

Question 51

In a two-variable scatter plot, the variable being predicted is placed on

A) the abscissa
B) the regression line
C) the ordinate
D) none of these

Question 52

In a four-variable correlation, when two variables are held constant, while examining the remaining relationship between the other two, the technique is referred to as

A) a multiple R
B) a first-order partial
C) a higher-order partial
D) none of these

Question 53

The value for ry1.2 provides information regarding

A) the multiple correlation among three variables
B) the correlation between variables 1 and 2, with variable Y held constant
C) the correlation between variables Y and 1, with variable 2 held constant
D) the correlation between variables Y and 2, with variable 1 held constant

Question 54

In order to utilize the multiple R in making specific Y predictions

A) the scores must be in interval form
B) at least two slope values must be determined
C) Ho must be rejected for each of the internal r's
D) all of these

Question 55

The standard error of multiple estimate may be used when making predictions from

A) two or more predictor variables
B) a multiple R
C) a Pearson r
D) a and b, but not c

Question 56

For the Pearson r, the greater the number of degrees of freedom, the greater the likelihood of

A) obtaining significance
B) rejecting Ho
C) the sample correlation also existing in the population
D) all of these

Question 57

When the slope of the regression line of Y on X is positive, then the array of data points on the scatter plot

A) goes from upper left to lower right
B) goes from lower left to upper right
C) goes parallel to the abscissa
D) none of these

Question 58

Establishing a three-variable partial correlation, results in

A) a multiple R
B) a third-order partial
C) a second-order partial
D) a first-order partial

Question 59

The correlation between a criterion variable and two or more predictor variables, is called the

A) partial correlation of X on Y
B) partial correlation of Y on X
C) Pearson r
D) multiple R

Question 60

The regression line of Y on X must always slope from lower left to upper right.

Question 61

A first-order partial correlation assesses the strength of the relationship between two variables, with the effects of a third variables held constant.

Question 62

The standard error of estimate may never assume a value larger than the true standard deviation of the Y distribution.

Question 63

If the slope value equals +10, then Y increases by 10 units for each equal unit increase in X.

Question 64

The regression of Y on X is used to predict X, given information on a third variable.

Question 65

If the Y intercept equals 50, then a Y value of 50 corresponds with an X value of 0.

Question 66

The standard error of estimate may never equal zero, unless the Pearson r equals 1.00.

Question 67

The regression line is the single straight line which passes through most of the data points on a scatter plot.

Question 68

The multiple R is used to assess the strength of the combined correlations among three or more variables.

Question 69

The partial correlation may never be used, unless more than two variables are involved.

Question 70

The more the value of a Pearson r deviates from zero, the greater its predictive power.

Question 71

The major goal of correlational research is to allow for better-than-chance predictions.

Question 72

When the standard error of estimate equals zero, it means that all the data points lie right on the regression line.

Question 73

Each single data point on a scatter plot represents a pair of scores.

Question 74

When the correlation in the sample is negative, it can never be used to extrapolate to the population.

Question 75

In the regression of Y on X, when the Pearson r equals 1.00, so too must the slope value equal 1.00

Question 76

For the Pearson r, rejecting Ho means that the obtained correlation does exist in the population.

Question 77

The slope of the regression line of Y on X must always assume a positive value.

Question 78

In order to obtain significance for the Pearson r, Ho must be rejected.

Question 79

In order to calculate the standard error of estimate, the value of the Pearson r must be known.

Question 80

The standard error of estimate may never assume a negative value.