Deck 9: Occupational Health and Safety

Question 1

The drawback for the subjective standard of hazard assessment on the part of the employee is that____________.

A) the employee may not be the one in most danger
B) the employee may not have expert judgment
C) employees will be looking after their own interests
D) employers cannot be counted on to look after their employees' interests

Answer 1

B

Question 2

In determining whether workers assume a risk by choice, a disanalogy to a case of coercion is that____________.

A) a worker is not forced to accept a job
B) other jobs may be more hazardous
C) there may be other people willing to accept the job
D) not all jobs are hazardous

Answer 2

A

Question 3

In order to be able to work in a hazardous environment, employees must____________.

A) have the right to refuse hazardous conditions
B) be able to sue their employers
C) be able to quit their jobs
D) have the right to share information

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Utilitarian reasoning in approaching workplace hazards might be based on____________.

A) legal precedent
B) the rights of workers
C) employers' responsibilities
D) cost-benefit analysis

Question 5

The standard of justified belief that gives an employee the most leeway in having the right to refuse hazardous work is based on____________.

A) reasonable beliefs
B) expert opinion
C) objective conditions
D) subjective judgment

Question 6

Explain the concept of a direct cause as applied to workplace safety. How are employers held responsible for direct causes of accidents and hazards?

Question 7

Describe how the issue of sex discrimination applies to jobs that pose health risks to developing fetuses.

Question 8

Employers can defend themselves from responsibility for a workplace accident by claiming that .

A) the accident was preventable
B) the worker knew the risks
C) the worker was negligent
D) the accident was unavoidable

Question 9

Explain the argument that workers assume the risk of hazardous jobs, and describe how the argument can be challenged.

Question 10

Sex discrimination may apply to jobs that post fetal health risks because____________.

A) women in certain jobs may be subject to sexual harassment
B) pregnant women may have certain skills that others lack
C) pregnant women may decide to take less-hazardous jobs
D) employers may bar women from holding certain jobs

Question 11

The distinction between safety and health is based on the distinction between .

A) intention and accident
B) accidents and illness
C) disease and wellness
D) ethics and law

Question 12

If employers maintain that they can protect employees from hazards better than employees can, this is incompatible with employees'____________.

A) dignity
B) right to work
C) autonomy
D) safety

Question 13

Part of the reason that employees can be said to voluntarily assume risk for hazardous jobs is that .

A) the jobs require special skills
B) the pay is higher
C) information is always available about the jobs
D) many people are willing to do the jobs