Deck 12: Reporting Research Results

Question 1

Which of these is a group that will help the researcher begin to shape the final report? 12-1)

A)The researcher's goals
B)The research sponsor's goals
C)The concerns of the wider anticipated readership
D)All of the above

Answer 1

D

Question 2

William Foote Whyte argues that social scientists must 12-3)

A)Climb into a social scientific rut in order to understand it
B)Get out of the academic rut and engage research in order to better understand social phenomena
C)Step over the social scientific rut because it is a nonscientific concern
D)All of the above

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The peer review process includes 12-6)

A)Experts in the field who usually have published articles themselves in the field
B)Peer reviewers who are pulled out of a hat that represent being experts in their field
C)Making sure that the author is not familiar with research literature so that he is able to present his own research without the taint of other researchers
D)None of the above

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The method called reverse outlining involves 12-8)

A)Ignoring the section headings
B)Outlining on a paragraph-by-paragraph basis
C)Ignoring actual section headings
D)All of the above

Question 5

The cost-benefit analysis of the program indicated that the 12-4)

A)Costs due to increased recidivism outweighed the cost of the program itself
B)Savings based on decreased recidivism rates for those who attended the college far outweighed the initial cost of the program itself
C)Elements of the program did not create community involvement, as expected
D)None of the above

Question 6

The constructivist paradigm rejects the assumption that 12-4)

A)There is a not a reality around us to be studied and reported on
B)There is no way to create a consensus among participants to understand findings
C)There is a reality around us to be studied and reported on
D)There is no way to evaluate this type of research

Question 7

When an article is submitted for peer review, the journal's editor sends submitted articles to 12-5)

A)Eight to ten experts peers)for their analysis
B)Five to seven experts peers)for their comments and whether the article should be accepted or rejected
C)Two to three experts peers)for their comments as to whether it should be accepted, revised or resubmitted, or rejected
D)None of the above

Question 8

Students preparing a paper for a committee must be prepared to integrate 12-5)

A)Two or three perspectives at most into a moderately coherent plan
B)Multiple perspectives and comments of committee members into a plan for a coherent final report
C)His own perspective into a plan for a carefully selected final report
D)All of the above

Question 9

Torre and Fine 2005)were involved in Participatory Action Research to facilitate a 12-3)

A)college and college-bound program at high schools in New York
B)college and college-bound program at prisons in New York
C)college program at a work farm in the eastern U.S.
D)college-bound program for long-term prisoners in the U.S.

Question 10

In a combined frequency display, the distributions of a set of conceptually similar variables with the same response categories 12-8)

A)Are presented separately with different headings for responses
B)Are presented separately with common headings for responses
C)Are presented together with common headings for responses
D)None of the above

Question 11

Applied reports are usually commissioned by 12-6)

A)Colleges or Universities
B)Particular government agencies or corporations
C)Nonprofit organizations
D)Both B and C are true

Question 12

Many social scientists seek to influence social policy through their 12-2)

A)Writing
B)Policy-oriented social science research
C)Innocuous knowledge
D)Both B and C

Question 13

Whyte proposed an alternative research and reporting strategy he calls 12-3)

A)Preliminary applied research
B)Participatory action research
C)Preformed applied research
D)None of the above

Question 14

In PAR, the researcher involves some members of the setting as 12-3)

A)Passive participants
B)Active participants
C)Passive-aggressive participants
D)Objective participants

Question 15

Criminological and criminal justice research is published in many journals within several disciplines and 12-6)

A)All use one formatting style
B)Each journal uses their own formatting style
C)The psychology-related journals use a different style and all the rest use a separate single style
D)None of the above

Question 16

Compressed frequency displays 12-9)

A)Mean the same as combined frequency displays
B)Can be used to present correlational data efficiently
C)Can be used to present cross-tabular data and summary statistics efficiently
D)Are most effective with univariate variables

Question 17

According to Booth, Colomb, and Williams 1995), which is the first step in writing a successful report? 12-7)

A)Respect the complexity of the task
B)Start with an outline
C)Leave time for restarts and revisions
D)Ask all people you trust for reactions

Question 18

Developing valid knowledge about how society is organized tells us 12-2)

A)How society should be organized
B)How we should live our lives
C)That there should be a strict separation between a determination of empirical facts and evaluation of those facts
D)All of the above

Question 19

The PAR team were interested in knowing 12-3)

A)Who the men were in the program
B)The impact of the college experience on inmate students and their children
C)The cost of the program to the state offices supporting it
D)The triangulation and qualitative analysis of rate of the program

Question 20

A methodology that emphasizes the importance of exploring how stakeholders construct beliefs is known as a 12-4)

A)Construction paradigm
B)Inquiring paradigm
C)Belief paradigm
D)Constructivist paradigm

Question 21

In participatory action research the researcher involves some organizational members as active participants throughout the process of studying an organization.12-3)

Question 22

Requirements for good research reports in quantitative and qualitative research projects are 12-11)

A)Very different and may not be used together at all
B)Ones that include good writing as well as a clear statement of the research question
C)Often divergent in many respects of their research
D)Always very different and easily combined

Question 23

Torre and Fine 2005)found that the positive impact of college on inmates was transferred to their children.12-3)

Question 24

When designing a proposal, commitments must often be made to cover certain issues in the final report.12-2)

Question 25

Often the most distinctive thing about student research papers is the audience for the final product.12-5)

Question 26

Researchers have an obligation to 12-14)

A)Be familiar with the definition of plagiarism and how it is enforced by your discipline's professional association
B)Be familiar with their code of ethics as well as other applicable codes of ethics
C)Provide only information about changes made in plans to research and or new ideas
D)Both A and B

Question 27

Plagiarism is 12-13)

A)Presenting information as if it were your own idea, even if it is not
B)Failing to give proper acknowledgement for an idea
C)Honesty and openness in research procedures and results
D)Both A and B

Question 28

Often, applied research reports are written for an organization or agency.12-5)

Question 29

Methodology sections should 12-12)

A)Never describe how the researcher gained access to participants
B)Rarely show the approach used to manage relations with research participants
C)Describe how the researcher gained access to the setting or individuals studied
D)All of the above

Question 30

Many social scientists seek to influence social policy through their writing.12-2)

Question 31

Ethical research reporting includes 12-13)

A)Telling a coherent story without losing track in miniscule details
B)Reporting every twist and turn in conceptualization of the research problem
C)Being suspicious of reports that include no room for improvement
D)All of the above

Question 32

The traditional scientific approach does not encourage a research goal to advance scientific knowledge.12-2)

Question 33

One of the three legs of validity is 12-14)

A)Measurement validity
B)Causal validity
C)Facial validity
D)Only A and B

Question 34

Whyte 1991)argues that social scientists must get "out of the academic rut" and engage in applied research to develop better understanding of social phenomena.12-3)

Question 35

As much as possible, thesis committee members should have complementary areas of expertise for a research project.12-5)

Question 36

Sociologist William Julius Wilson 1998)argues that when engaging the public through the media, the researcher should 12-13)

A)Present a small picture at a time because a non-sociologist could not possibly understand
B)Focus on issues of national concern that are high on the public agenda
C)Develop simplistic arguments with minimal technical language so they may be understood
D)Present information so that the public can see the parts but not necessarily how they fit together because they may be too complicated

Question 37

The constructivist paradigm is a methodology that emphasizes the importance of exploring how stakeholders in construction build their beliefs.12-4)

Question 38

Researchers have an ethical obligation to maintain a full record of the research project 12-16)

A)And although details may have to be omitted, even if omissions make it impossible to track down answers to specific questions
B)So that occasional "lying with statistics" can be explained
C)So that questions can be answered if they arise
D)Even though answers to specific questions about procedures may not be answerable

Question 39

Reports on mixed-methods projects should include 12-11)

A)Subsections that introduce each method
B)Distinguishing findings from qualitative and quantitative analyses in the findings section
C)Both A and B
D)None of the above

Question 40

The ASA Code of Ethics specifically prohibits plagiarism 12-14)

A)In publications, presentations, and taking data from another person's written work
B)Even if the work is not quoted verbatim or paraphrased
C)And states that lack of awareness is not a defense to a charge of unethical conduct
D)All of the above

Question 41

Describe the research by Torre & Fine 2005).12-3)

Question 42

The process for preparing an article for an academic journal article is unique because it uses an editor review process.12-5)

Question 43

The requirements for good research reports are similar in many respects for quantitative and qualitative research projects.12-11)

Question 44

The methodology section in a qualitative research report should describe the researcher's interpretation of his materials.12-11)

Question 45

According to Booth, Colomb, and Williams 1995), an author should respect the complexity of the task and not expect to write a polished draft in a linear fashion.12-7)

Question 46

Describe the elements that should be considered in writing research reports to ensure adherence to the ethical standard of honesty.12-11)

Question 47

A table that presents together the distributions for a set of conceptually different variables with different response categories is a combined frequency display.12-8)

Question 48

List and describe the major sections of a research article.12-6)

Question 49

Identify unique problems that must be overcome in writing student papers, theses, applied research reports, and journal articles.12-4)

Question 50

Describe the three basic goals of research reports.

Question 51

Like journal articles, applied reports are commissioned by a particular government agency.12-6)

Question 52

Reverse outlining is when you outline the sections in an already written draft of a paper or report to improve its organization in the next draft.12-8)

Question 53

When cross-classification data are efficiently displayed by eliminating unnecessary percentages, it is known as a compressed frequency display.12-9)

Question 54

What is Participatory Action Research PAR)? Example?

Question 55

According to Booth, Colomb, and Williams 1995), an author should worry about spelling and grammar from the beginning of the writing process.12-7)

Question 56

What is the Peer Review process in preparing academic journal articles? Why is it most unique? 12-5)

Question 57

What is the constructivist paradigm? What does it emphasize? 12-4)

Question 58

What ways can an author display statistical results without redundant information using compressed displays? 12-8)

Question 59

It is important to provide an honest accounting of how the research was carried out.12-12)

Question 60

Identify major steps in the review of research reports.12-6)

Question 61

What are the steps in writing a successful report, according to Booth, Colomb, and Williams 1995)?

Question 62

Describe the Reverse Outlining technique.12-8)

Question 63

What is a combined frequency display? What does it show? 12-8)