Deck 9: Anatomic Descriptors and Fundamental Body Structure

Question 1

Turner's syndrome is characterized by short stature,webbing of the neck,a low hairline,and:

A) early onset of menses
B) closely spaced nipples
C) breast enlargement
D) underdevelopment of the genitalia

Answer 1

underdevelopment of the genitalia

Question 2

Using genetic engineering,the disease status can currently be determined for a fetus with:

A) type I diabetes
B) Grave's disease
C) Huntington's disease
D) Down syndrome

Answer 2

Huntington's disease

Question 3

When the abdomen is divided into nine regions,which of the following is one of the three central areas?

A) lumbar
B) iliac
C) epigastric
D) hypochondriac

Answer 3

epigastric

Question 4

Which of the following pH values indicates an acidic solution?

A) 10.0
B) 9.5
C) 7.0
D) 4.5

Question 5

Which type of tissues specialize to provide specific secretions for the body?

A) epithelial
B) connective
C) nerve
D) muscle

Question 6

The incidence of Down syndrome in North America is about __ in every 1000 live births,depending on the mother's age.

A) 1
B) 7
C) 12
D) 19

Question 7

Cartilage is found in all of the following parts of the body except:

A) the wrist
B) between the bones of the spine
C) the voice box
D) the ear

Question 8

Patients with galactosemia cannot digest:

A) pectin
B) milk
C) carbohydrates
D) fats

Question 9

The _____ divides the anterior cavity into an upper thoracic cavity and a lower abdominopelvic cavity.

A) diaphragm
B) aorta
C) peritoneum
D) umbilicus

Question 10

The science of the function of cells,tissues,and organs of the body is called:

A) cytology
B) histology
C) gross anatomy
D) physiology

Question 11

Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord are called _____ nerves.

A) osseous
B) peripheral
C) asymptomatic
D) symptomatic

Question 12

Which of the following is not a common cause of dwarfism?

A) endocrine dysfunction
B) deficiency disease
C) bacterial meningitis
D) renal insufficiency

Question 13

The ____ are two cylinder-shaped organelles near the nucleus that separate and form spindle fibers that attach to the chromosomes during mitosis.

A) lysosomes
B) centrioles
C) mitochondria
D) pinocytic vesicles

Question 14

Edema causes the affected tissues to:

A) appear inflamed
B) appear puffy
C) dehydrate
D) shrink

Question 15

Which of these statements is correct?

A) Neurons are cells of muscle tissue.
B) Some neurons cannot be regenerated if damaged or destroyed.
C) Neurons increase in number after birth.
D) Neurons are not formed until after birth.

Question 16

Which of these processes is also known as cell eating?

A) active transport
B) filtration
C) phagocytosis
D) pinocytosis

Question 17

The cell membrane consists of _____ molecules.

A) protein and fat
B) protein and sugar
C) carbohydrates and salts
D) lipids and water

Question 18

Which of the following is not a component of lymph?

A) water
B) glucose
C) protein
D) salt

Question 19

Which of the following is not one of the three categories of connective tissue?

A) connective tissue proper
B) supportive connective tissue
C) fluid connective tissue
D) myelinic connective tissue

Question 20

Which of the following is not a common symptom of Klinefelter's syndrome?

A) abnormally heavy body hair
B) failure of the penis and testicles to mature fully
C) mental retardation
D) breast enlargement

Question 21

Match each term with its definition.
Group of cells of the same type that join together for a common purpose

A)homeostasis
B)dominant gene
C)recessive gene
D)cleft palate
E)cystic fibrosis
F)spina bifida
G)genetic map
H)system
I)organs
J)tissues

Question 22

Match each term with its definition.
Back side of the body

A)pathophysiology
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior
E)posterior
F)abdominal
G)pelvic
H)DNA
I)endocytosis
J)exocytosis

Question 23

Match each term with its definition.
Material within the chromosome that encodes the genes which are located at specific sites on the chromosome

A)pathophysiology
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior
E)posterior
F)abdominal
G)pelvic
H)DNA
I)endocytosis
J)exocytosis

Question 24

Match each term with its definition.
Structural malformation of the spine in which the posterior portion of the spinal tissues fails to close during the first 3 months of pregnancy

A)homeostasis
B)dominant gene
C)recessive gene
D)cleft palate
E)cystic fibrosis
F)spina bifida
G)genetic map
H)system
I)organs
J)tissues

Question 25

Match each term with its definition.
Type of gene that can produce a trait without regard to the nature of its pair member

A)homeostasis
B)dominant gene
C)recessive gene
D)cleft palate
E)cystic fibrosis
F)spina bifida
G)genetic map
H)system
I)organs
J)tissues

Question 26

Match each term with its definition.
Upper portion of the abdominopelvic cavity

A)pathophysiology
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior
E)posterior
F)abdominal
G)pelvic
H)DNA
I)endocytosis
J)exocytosis

Question 27

Match each term with its definition.
Condition that exists when the internal environment is functioning properly and all the organs and tissues of the body are performing their appropriate tasks

A)homeostasis
B)dominant gene
C)recessive gene
D)cleft palate
E)cystic fibrosis
F)spina bifida
G)genetic map
H)system
I)organs
J)tissues

Question 28

Match each term with its definition.
Front side of the body

A)pathophysiology
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior
E)posterior
F)abdominal
G)pelvic
H)DNA
I)endocytosis
J)exocytosis

Question 29

Match each term with its definition.
Type of gene that does not result in a recognizable trait unless both members of the gene pair are of a similar mutation

A)homeostasis
B)dominant gene
C)recessive gene
D)cleft palate
E)cystic fibrosis
F)spina bifida
G)genetic map
H)system
I)organs
J)tissues

Question 30

Match each term with its definition.
Process through which substances are moved from the inside of a cell to the outside

A)pathophysiology
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior
E)posterior
F)abdominal
G)pelvic
H)DNA
I)endocytosis
J)exocytosis

Question 31

Match each term with its definition.
Two or more types of tissue that work together to perform a specific body function

A)homeostasis
B)dominant gene
C)recessive gene
D)cleft palate
E)cystic fibrosis
F)spina bifida
G)genetic map
H)system
I)organs
J)tissues

Question 32

Match each term with its definition.
Process through which large molecules are absorbed into a cell

A)pathophysiology
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior
E)posterior
F)abdominal
G)pelvic
H)DNA
I)endocytosis
J)exocytosis

Question 33

Match each term with its definition.
Study of mechanisms by which disease occurs,the responses of the body to the disease process,and the effects of both on normal function

A)pathophysiology
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior
E)posterior
F)abdominal
G)pelvic
H)DNA
I)endocytosis
J)exocytosis

Question 34

Match each term with its definition.
Lower portion of the abdominopelvic cavity

A)pathophysiology
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior
E)posterior
F)abdominal
G)pelvic
H)DNA
I)endocytosis
J)exocytosis

Question 35

Match each term with its definition.
Generalized dysfunction of the exocrine glands,affecting multiple organ systems

A)homeostasis
B)dominant gene
C)recessive gene
D)cleft palate
E)cystic fibrosis
F)spina bifida
G)genetic map
H)system
I)organs
J)tissues

Question 36

Match each term with its definition.
Presence of a structural defect in the roof of the mouth

A)homeostasis
B)dominant gene
C)recessive gene
D)cleft palate
E)cystic fibrosis
F)spina bifida
G)genetic map
H)system
I)organs
J)tissues

Question 37

Match each term with its definition.
Located toward the midline

A)pathophysiology
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior
E)posterior
F)abdominal
G)pelvic
H)DNA
I)endocytosis
J)exocytosis

Question 38

Match each term with its definition.
Diagram that describes how thousands of known marker sequences in the chromosomes separate and recombine

A)homeostasis
B)dominant gene
C)recessive gene
D)cleft palate
E)cystic fibrosis
F)spina bifida
G)genetic map
H)system
I)organs
J)tissues

Question 39

Match each term with its definition.
Located away from the midline

A)pathophysiology
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior
E)posterior
F)abdominal
G)pelvic
H)DNA
I)endocytosis
J)exocytosis

Question 40

Match each term with its definition.
Group of body organs that perform similar functions

A)homeostasis
B)dominant gene
C)recessive gene
D)cleft palate
E)cystic fibrosis
F)spina bifida
G)genetic map
H)system
I)organs
J)tissues

Question 41

Match each term with its definition.
Information provided to a couple regarding their risks of having a child with a genetic disorder

A)BRCA analysis
B)polymerase chain reaction
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)genetic counseling
E)gene therapy
F)genetic engineering
G)embryonic stem cells
H)striated
I)smooth
J)cardiac

Question 42

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Serves as the "brain" for the control of the cell's metabolic activities and cell division;has DNA and genes

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 43

Match each term with its definition.
Technique used to isolate,characterize,and produce large quantities of specific pieces of DNA from very small amounts of starting material

A)BRCA analysis
B)polymerase chain reaction
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)genetic counseling
E)gene therapy
F)genetic engineering
G)embryonic stem cells
H)striated
I)smooth
J)cardiac

Question 44

Match each term with its definition.
These have the potential to develop into all or nearly all of the tissues of the body

A)BRCA analysis
B)polymerase chain reaction
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)genetic counseling
E)gene therapy
F)genetic engineering
G)embryonic stem cells
H)striated
I)smooth
J)cardiac

Question 45

Match each term with its definition.
Detection and identification method used in criminal investigations

A)BRCA analysis
B)polymerase chain reaction
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)genetic counseling
E)gene therapy
F)genetic engineering
G)embryonic stem cells
H)striated
I)smooth
J)cardiac

Question 46

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Provide spindle fibers for attaching chromosomes during cellular division

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 47

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Serve as centers of cellular digestion

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 48

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Regulates transport of substances into and out of the cell

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 49

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Contains two centrioles that are functional during animal cell division

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 50

Match each term with its definition.
Used in the prenatal diagnosis of inherited diseases

A)BRCA analysis
B)polymerase chain reaction
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)genetic counseling
E)gene therapy
F)genetic engineering
G)embryonic stem cells
H)striated
I)smooth
J)cardiac

Question 51

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Provides passages through which transport of substances occurs in cytoplasm

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 52

Match each term with its definition.
Insertion of a perfect gene into the cells of a person with a congenital disorder caused by a defective gene

A)BRCA analysis
B)polymerase chain reaction
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)genetic counseling
E)gene therapy
F)genetic engineering
G)embryonic stem cells
H)striated
I)smooth
J)cardiac

Question 53

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Transport large particles into a cell

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 54

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Functions as a site for RNA synthesis

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 55

Match each term with its definition.
Type of involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart

A)BRCA analysis
B)polymerase chain reaction
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)genetic counseling
E)gene therapy
F)genetic engineering
G)embryonic stem cells
H)striated
I)smooth
J)cardiac

Question 56

Match each term with its definition.
Type of muscle tissue found connected to the bones of the body

A)BRCA analysis
B)polymerase chain reaction
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)genetic counseling
E)gene therapy
F)genetic engineering
G)embryonic stem cells
H)striated
I)smooth
J)cardiac

Question 57

Match each term with its definition.
Method of screening for breast and ovarian cancer

A)BRCA analysis
B)polymerase chain reaction
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)genetic counseling
E)gene therapy
F)genetic engineering
G)embryonic stem cells
H)striated
I)smooth
J)cardiac

Question 58

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Provides an organized watery environment in which life functions take place by the activities of the organelles contained in the cytoplasm

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 59

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Serve as sites for protein synthesis

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 60

Match each term with its definition.
Type of muscle tissue found within the walls of all the organs of the body except the heart

A)BRCA analysis
B)polymerase chain reaction
C)DNA fingerprinting
D)genetic counseling
E)gene therapy
F)genetic engineering
G)embryonic stem cells
H)striated
I)smooth
J)cardiac

Question 61

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Regulates transport of substances into and out of the nucleus

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 62

​Match the name or base of common acid with where it is found or used.
​Carbonated beverages

A)​acetic acid
B)​ammonium hydroxide
C)​boric acid
D)​magnesium hydroxide
E)​carbonic acid
F)​potassium hydroxide
G)​hydrochloric acid
H)​sodium hydroxide
I)​nitric acid
J)​sulfuric acid

Question 63

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Manufactures carbohydrates and packages secretions for discharge from the cell

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 64

​Match the disease with the system(s)involved and the pathology present.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Sweat gland dysfunction

A)​cystic fibrosis
B)​hemochromatosis

Question 65

​Match the disease with the system(s)involved and the pathology present.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Musculoskeletal system

A)​cystic fibrosis
B)​hemochromatosis

Question 66

​Match the name or base of common acid with where it is found or used.
​Caustic potash

A)​acetic acid
B)​ammonium hydroxide
C)​boric acid
D)​magnesium hydroxide
E)​carbonic acid
F)​potassium hydroxide
G)​hydrochloric acid
H)​sodium hydroxide
I)​nitric acid
J)​sulfuric acid

Question 67

​Match the disease with the system(s)involved and the pathology present.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Excess iron in the blood,congestive heart failure

A)​cystic fibrosis
B)​hemochromatosis

Question 68

​Match the disease with the system(s)involved and the pathology present.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Integumentary system

A)​cystic fibrosis
B)​hemochromatosis

Question 69

​Match the name or base of common acid with where it is found or used.
​Batteries and industrial mineral acid

A)​acetic acid
B)​ammonium hydroxide
C)​boric acid
D)​magnesium hydroxide
E)​carbonic acid
F)​potassium hydroxide
G)​hydrochloric acid
H)​sodium hydroxide
I)​nitric acid
J)​sulfuric acid

Question 70

​Match the name or base of common acid with where it is found or used.
​Vinegar

A)​acetic acid
B)​ammonium hydroxide
C)​boric acid
D)​magnesium hydroxide
E)​carbonic acid
F)​potassium hydroxide
G)​hydrochloric acid
H)​sodium hydroxide
I)​nitric acid
J)​sulfuric acid

Question 71

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​Serve as sites of cellular respiration and energy production;the "powerhouse" of the cell

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 72

​Match the disease with the system(s)involved and the pathology present.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Circulatory system

A)​cystic fibrosis
B)​hemochromatosis

Question 73

​Match the name or base of common acid with where it is found or used.
​Stomach

A)​acetic acid
B)​ammonium hydroxide
C)​boric acid
D)​magnesium hydroxide
E)​carbonic acid
F)​potassium hydroxide
G)​hydrochloric acid
H)​sodium hydroxide
I)​nitric acid
J)​sulfuric acid

Question 74

​Match the name or base of common acid with where it is found or used.
​Industrial oxidizing acid

A)​acetic acid
B)​ammonium hydroxide
C)​boric acid
D)​magnesium hydroxide
E)​carbonic acid
F)​potassium hydroxide
G)​hydrochloric acid
H)​sodium hydroxide
I)​nitric acid
J)​sulfuric acid

Question 75

​Match the name or base of common acid with where it is found or used.
​Lye

A)​acetic acid
B)​ammonium hydroxide
C)​boric acid
D)​magnesium hydroxide
E)​carbonic acid
F)​potassium hydroxide
G)​hydrochloric acid
H)​sodium hydroxide
I)​nitric acid
J)​sulfuric acid

Question 76

​Match the name or base of common acid with where it is found or used.
​Weak eyewash

A)​acetic acid
B)​ammonium hydroxide
C)​boric acid
D)​magnesium hydroxide
E)​carbonic acid
F)​potassium hydroxide
G)​hydrochloric acid
H)​sodium hydroxide
I)​nitric acid
J)​sulfuric acid

Question 77

​Match the name or base of common acid with where it is found or used.
​Milk of magnesia

A)​acetic acid
B)​ammonium hydroxide
C)​boric acid
D)​magnesium hydroxide
E)​carbonic acid
F)​potassium hydroxide
G)​hydrochloric acid
H)​sodium hydroxide
I)​nitric acid
J)​sulfuric acid

Question 78

​Match the cell organelle to its function.
​A clear,semifluid medium that fills the spaces around the chromatin and the nucleoli

A)​cell membrane
B)​cytoplasm
C)​nucleus
D)​nuclear membrane
E)​nucleoplasm
F)​nucleolus
G)​ribosomes
H)​endoplasmic reticulum
I)​mitochondria
J)​Golgi apparatus
K)​lysosomes
L)​pinocytic vesicles
M)​centrosome
N)​centrioles

Question 79

​Match the name or base of common acid with where it is found or used.
​Household liquid cleaners

A)​acetic acid
B)​ammonium hydroxide
C)​boric acid
D)​magnesium hydroxide
E)​carbonic acid
F)​potassium hydroxide
G)​hydrochloric acid
H)​sodium hydroxide
I)​nitric acid
J)​sulfuric acid

Question 80

​Match the disease with the system(s)involved and the pathology present.Note: Answers may be used more than once.
​Endocrine system

A)​cystic fibrosis
B)​hemochromatosis