Deck 2: Extent, Theories, and Factors of Victimization

Question 1

The National Crime Victimization Survey identified which pair of crimes as the most common property and violent crime in 2008?

A) theft and simple assault
B) burglary and simple assault
C) theft and rape/sexual assault
D) burglary and rape/sexual assault

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which theory of victimization suggests that our daily behaviors influence our vulnerability to victimization?

A) subcultural theory of violence
B) routine activities theory
C) a general theory of crime
D) social process theory

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which rule requires that only the most serious of offenses within an incident be reported to the Uniform Crime Reports?

A) homogamy rule
B) Hawthorne rule
C) habeas corpus rule
D) hierarchy rule

Answer 3

D

Question 4

______ is the name for concentrated areas of crime.

A) Hot spots
B) Crime pockets
C) Red zones
D) Deviant regions

Question 5

What is the third element in the Routine Activities Theory: Motivated Offender, Suitable Target, and ______?

A) Security Measures
B) Capable Guardianship
C) Protective Actions
D) Victimization Reactors

Question 6

The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) presents the number of crimes in ______.

A) states
B) cities
C) colleges
D) all of these

Question 7

Which answer best represents the typical criminal according to the Uniform Crime Reports?

A) young, Black, male
B) young, White, male
C) young, Hispanic, male
D) young, Asian, male

Question 8

Which measure of crime includes only crimes reported to the police?

A) National Crime Victimization Survey
B) Uniform Crime Reports
C) International Crime Victims Survey
D) Monitoring the Future Survey

Question 9

What percentage of respondents to the National Crime Victimization Survey suggested that the offenders in their cases were believed to have been under the influence of alcohol?

A) 100%
B) approximately 75%
C) just over 50%
D) slightly over 35%

Question 10

The National Crime Victimization Survey records crimes from members of a household aged ______ and up.

A) newborn
B) 5 years
C) 12 years
D) 18 years

Question 11

Most victims are likely to live in what areas?

A) suburbs
B) rural/county
C) small towns
D) urban areas

Question 12

In control-balance theory, it is suggested that when one is out of balance, victimization and deviant behavior can occur. When one has more control than what he is subject to this is called ______.

A) control abundance
B) control surplus
C) control deficit
D) control loss

Question 13

Which of the following is not one of the eight Part I index crimes?

A) simple assault
B) murder and nonnegligent manslaughter
C) robbery
D) arson

Question 14

Which database was created to address the flaws in the Uniform Crime Reports?

A) National Crime Victimization Survey
B) Uniform Crime Reports 2
C) Crime in the United States Reporting System
D) National Incident-Based Reporting System

Question 15

Which principle suggests that the more one comes into contact with offenders, the more likely he is to be victimized?

A) principle of status quo
B) principle of hierarchy
C) principle of homogamy
D) principle of lex talionis

Question 16

The recall period in the National Crime Victimization Survey is ______.

A) 6 months
B) 1 year
C) 24 months
D) lifetime

Question 17

Which two characteristics seem to deter people from committing crime and thus reduce likelihood of victimization as well?

A) education and income
B) marriage and employment
C) large family and education
D) strong religious values and marriage

Question 18

The Uniform Crime Reports represents data from what percent of the population?

A) 100%
B) over 90%
C) 80%
D) under 70%

Question 19

Which theory suggests that someone with low self-control will commit criminal acts, which makes him or her more likely to be victimized?

A) control-balance theory
B) subcultural theory of violence
C) a general theory of crime
D) social interactionist perspective

Question 20

Which theory suggests that the more distressed one is the more likely he or she could act in a way to provoke a victimization?

A) control-balance theory
B) subcultural theory of violence
C) a general theory of crime
D) social interactionist perspective

Question 21

The reasons why victimization may lead to participation in crime is fully understood.

Question 22

What is a limitation of the NCVS?

A) Estimates of crime victimization depend on the ability of respondents to accurately recall what happened to them during the previous 6 months.
B) Its treatment of high frequency repeats victimizations.
C) "Victimless" crimes such as prostitution and drug use are not included in NCVS.
D) all of these

Question 23

Larceny-theft is the most common offense overall according to the Uniform Crime Reports.

Question 24

The UCR presents the number of crimes for areas under tribal law enforcement.

Question 25

The NCVS has several advantages including ______.

A) its estimates of victimization several offenses that are not included in Part I of the UCR
B) it does not measure only crimes reported to the police
C) its two-stage measurement process allows for a more conservative way of estimating the amount of victimization that occurs each year
D) all of these

Question 26

______ crimes are less likely to be reported than are violent crimes.

A) White-collar
B) Financial
C) Property
D) Victimless

Question 27

The Federal Bureau of Investigation administers the National Crime Victimization Survey.

Question 28

Strangers perpetrated only about ______ of violent victimizations in the NCVS.

A) one third
B) two third
C) one half
D) three fourth

Question 29

National victimization studies are similar to international victimization studies in that they, too, utilize representative random samples.

Question 30

If one has weak ties to family, they are less likely to be victimized.

Question 31

The typical victim and the typical offender are extremely different from one another.

Question 32

Lifestyles theory suggests that when one has a control deficit, he is likely to commit crime.

Question 33

Disrespect is a common reason for retaliation according to the subcultural theory of violence.

Question 34

Commercial establishments are not included in the National Crime Victimization Survey.

Question 35

The same influences on offending may also affect victimization.

Question 36

Insomuch as a person's routine activities bring him or her into contact with motivated offenders, crime victimization risk abounds.

Question 37

Individuals who engage in offending are exposed more frequently to people and contexts in which victimization is likely to occur.

Question 38

Those individuals deemed to be suitable targets based on their attractiveness would not be chosen by offenders.

Question 39

Females are more likely than males to be victimized by a(n) ______.

A) strangers
B) coworker
C) intimate partner
D) classmate

Question 40

Females are most likely to be victimized overall.

Question 41

Explain the principle of homogamy.

Question 42

What are the three elements of the routine activities theory? Give an example of a situation that could lead to victimization.

Question 43

What is the Gene × Environment interaction?

Question 44

How does exposure to delinquent peers increase victimization?

Question 45

Name one advantage and one disadvantage of the National Crime Victimization Survey?