Deck 18 (MC): The Urinary System

Question 1

The renal cortex is the:

A)outer layer of kidney tissue
B)cavity on the medial side of the kidney
C)inner layer of kidney tissue
D)cavity on the lateral side of the kidney

Answer 1

A

Question 2

A ___ takes urine from the kidney to the bladder,and the ___ takes urine from the bladder to the exterior.

A)trigone/ureter
B)urethra/ureter
C)ureter/trigone
D)ureter/urethra

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which statement is NOT true of the location of the kidneys?

A)They are superior to the diaphragm.
B)They are lateral to the backbone.
C)They are behind the peritoneum.
D)They are superior to the urinary bladder.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The outer layer of kidney tissue is called the:

A)renal pelvis
B)renal cortex
C)renal medulla
D)renal fascia

Question 5

The urinary bladder is posterior to which bone?

A)the ilium
B)the ischium
C)the pubic bone
D)the femur

Question 6

Urine flows through a ureter from the ___ to the ___.

A)kidney/urethra
B)urinary bladder/urethra
C)kidney/urinary bladder
D)urinary bladder/kidney

Question 7

The kidneys are cushioned by ___ and are held in place by ___.

A)elastic connective tissue/the ribs
B)adipose tissue/the renal fascia
C)smooth muscle/the ribs
D)the renal fascia/smooth muscle

Question 8

The kidneys are ___ the peritoneum,and the term for this is ___.

A)in front of/anteroperitoneal
B)behind/posteroperitoneal
C)in front of/ventroperitoneal
D)behind/retroperitoneal

Question 9

The ureters are ___ to the peritoneum and ___ to the backbone.

A)posterior/anterior
B)posterior/posterior
C)anterior/anterior
D)anterior/posterior

Question 10

The kidneys are ___ to the backbone and ___ to the diaphragm.

A)lateral/inferior
B)medial/inferior
C)lateral/superior
D)medial/superior

Question 11

The kidneys are ___ to the peritoneum and ___ to the backbone.

A)anterior/lateral
B)posterior/medial
C)posterior/lateral
D)anterior/medial

Question 12

The ureters extend from the:

A)urethra to kidneys
B)kidneys to urinary bladder
C)kidneys to urethra
D)urinary bladder to urethra

Question 13

In women,the urinary bladder is ___ to the uterus within the ___ cavity.

A)superior/abdominal
B)inferior/pelvic
C)medial/abdominal
D)lateral/pelvic

Question 14

The kidneys are held in place and cushioned by:

A)the renal fascia and adipose tissue
B)the renal cortex and renal fascia
C)the renal cortex and adipose tissue
D)the renal pelvis and rib cage

Question 15

The urethra extends from the:

A)kidney to the exterior
B)ureter to exterior
C)ureter to urinary bladder
D)urinary bladder to exterior

Question 16

The adipose tissue around the kidneys is a ___,and the renal fascia is made of ___.

A)cushion/fibrous connective tissue
B)source of energy/elastic connective tissue
C)source of energy/fibrous connective tissue
D)cushion/elastic connective tissue

Question 17

In women,the urethra is ___ to the vagina.

A)posterior
B)medial
C)lateral
D)anterior

Question 18

Which statement is NOT true of the locations of the organs of the urinary system?

A)The urinary bladder is posterior to the pubic bones.
B)The ureter in men passes through the penis.
C)The kidneys are lateral to the backbone behind the peritoneum in the upper abdominal cavity.
D)The urethra extends from the urinary bladder to the exterior.

Question 19

In men,the urinary bladder is ___ to the prostate gland and ___ to the small intestine.

A)superior/inferior
B)superior/superior
C)inferior/inferior
D)inferior/superior

Question 20

In men,the urethra passes through the:

A)prostate gland
B)penis
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and the inguinal canal

Question 21

The renal pelvis has extensions called ___,which enclose the tips of the ___.

A)calyces/renal pyramids
B)pelvlets/renal cortex
C)pelvlets/renal pyramids
D)calyces/renal cortex

Question 22

The inner layer of kidney tissue is called the:

A)renal pelvis
B)renal cortex
C)renal medulla
D)renal fascia

Question 23

In the kidney,loops of Henle and collecting tubules are found in the:

A)renal cortex
B)renal medulla
C)renal pelvis
D)renal fascia

Question 24

The renal cortex is the ___ layer of the kidney tissue,and is made of ___.

A)outer/loops of Henle and collecting tubules
B)inner/renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules
C)outer/renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules
D)inner/loops of Henle and collecting tubules

Question 25

The renal pelvis is the:

A)cavity on the lateral side of the kidney
B)cavity on the medial side of the kidney
C)junction of the kidney and urethra
D)location of the kidney in the pelvic cavity

Question 26

In the kidney,the calyces are part of the:

A)renal cortex
B)renal medulla
C)renal fascia
D)renal pelvis

Question 27

The parts of a nephron found in the renal medulla are the:

A)collecting tubules
B)loops of Henle
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and the renal corpuscles

Question 28

The renal medulla is the:

A)outer layer of kidney tissue
B)cavity on the medial side of the kidney
C)inner layer of kidney tissue
D)cavity on the lateral side of the kidney

Question 29

The renal medulla is the ___ layer of the kidney tissue,and is made of ___.

A)outer/loops of Henle and collecting tubules
B)inner/renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules
C)outer/renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules
D)inner/loops of Henle and collecting tubules

Question 30

The renal medulla is the ___ of kidney tissue,and may also be called the ___.

A)inner layer/renal pyramids
B)outer layer/renal pelvis
C)middle layer/renal pelvis
D)outer layer/renal pyramids

Question 31

The two major parts of a nephron are the:

A)glomerulus and Bowman's capsule
B)renal tubule and loop of Henle
C)glomerulus and renal corpuscle
D)renal corpuscle and renal tubule

Question 32

Which statement is NOT true of the internal structure of a kidney?

A)The calyces are extensions of the renal cortex.
B)Loops of Henle are found in the renal medulla.
C)The renal pelvis opens into the ureter.
D)Renal corpuscles are found in the renal cortex.

Question 33

Which statement is NOT true of the internal structure of the kidney?

A)Collecting tubules are found in the renal pyramids.
B)The renal pelvis is at the hilus of the kidney.
C)Proximal convoluted tubules are found in the renal cortex.
D)Distal convoluted tubules are found in the renal medulla.

Question 34

The renal pyramids is another name for the:

A)renal pelvis
B)renal cortex
C)renal medulla
D)renal fascia

Question 35

In the kidney,renal corpuscles and convoluted tubules are found in the:

A)renal cortex
B)renal medulla
C)renal pelvis
D)renal fascia

Question 36

The function of the nephrons of the kidneys is to form urine from:

A)tissue fluid
B)blood plasma
C)intracellular fluid
D)intercellular fluid

Question 37

At the hilus of the kidney is the:

A)renal artery
B)renal vein
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and the ureter

Question 38

The cavity formed by the expansion of the ureter within the kidney is called the:

A)renal pelvis
B)renal cortex
C)renal medulla
D)renal fascia

Question 39

The parts of a nephron found in the renal cortex are the:

A)distal convoluted tubules
B)proximal convoluted tubules
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and the renal corpuscles

Question 40

When the kidneys form urine,they also:

A)regulate the pH of the blood
B)regulate the electrolyte composition of the blood
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and regulate blood volume

Question 41

In the process of glomerular filtration,substances may become part of the renal filtrate if they are:

A)large enough for filtration
B)not useful to the body
C)small or dissolved in plasma
D)all of these

Question 42

A Bowman's capsule consists of:

A)two layers,and the outer one is very permeable
B)one layer,which is very permeable
C)one layer,which is not permeable
D)two layers,and the inner one is very permeable

Question 43

Which statement is NOT true of glomerular filtration?

A)It takes place from Bowman's capsule to the glomerulus.
B)The energy is provided by blood pressure.
C)The fluid in Bowman's capsule is called renal filtrate.
D)Any substance that is dissolved in the plasma may become part of renal filtrate.

Question 44

Which statement is NOT true of nephrons?

A)They are the structural units of the kidneys.
B)They form urine from tissue fluid.
C)They are the functional units of the kidneys.
D)They make up the renal cortex and renal medulla.

Question 45

In the kidney,the process of tubular reabsorption transports useful materials from the:

A)glomeruli to the filtrate
B)peritubular capillaries to the filtrate
C)filtrate to the glomeruli
D)filtrate to the peritubular capillaries

Question 46

The renal corpuscle and renal tubule are the two major parts of:

A)the renal cortex
B)a nephron
C)a renal pyramid
D)the renal medulla

Question 47

In the kidneys,the process by which glucose is reabsorbed from the renal filtrate is:

A)passive transport
B)active transport
C)osmosis
D)pinocytosis

Question 48

A renal corpuscle consists of the:

A)glomerulus and Bowman's capsule
B)Bowman's capsule and renal tubule
C)renal tubule and loop of Henle
D)loop of Henle and glomerulus

Question 49

The cells called podocytes are part of ___,and their "feet" are on the ___.

A)the glomerulus/Bowman's capsule
B)Bowman's capsule/renal tubule
C)the glomerulus/renal tubule
D)Bowman's capsule/glomerulus

Question 50

In the process of glomerular filtration,which of these substances will NOT become part of renal filtrate?
1.glucose
2.large proteins
3.water
4.waste products
5.amino acids
6.blood cells

A)1,2,5,6
B)1,5,6
C)1,2,5
D)2,6

Question 51

In the kidney,the movement of nutrients from the filtrate to the peritubular capillaries is:

A)reabsorption
B)secretion
C)filtration
D)All of these are involved.

Question 52

In the kidneys,the processes of reabsorption and secretion take place in the:

A)renal corpuscle
B)renal tubule
C)renal pelvis
D)glomerulus

Question 53

A glomerulus is a:

A)network of capillaries in the renal corpuscle
B)group of glomerular cells in the renal tubule
C)network of capillaries in the renal tubule
D)group of glomerular cells in the renal corpuscle

Question 54

The process(es)carried out by the renal tubule is (are):

A)reabsorption
B)secretion
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and filtration

Question 55

The process of glomerular filtration takes place from the:

A)Bowman's capsule to glomerulus
B)glomerulus to Bowman's capsule
C)glomerulus to renal tubule
D)renal tubule to glomerulus

Question 56

In the process of glomerular filtration,which of these substances will become part of renal filtrate?
1.minerals
2.glucose
3.large proteins
4.water
5.amino acids
6.waste products

A)1,2,4,5,6
B)3,4,6
C)4,6
D)1,4,5,6

Question 57

The parts of a renal tubule,in the order in which filtrate flows through them,are:
1.loop of Henle
2.distal convoluted tubul
3.proximal convoluted tubule
4.collecting tubule

A)2,1,3,4
B)1,2,4,3
C)3,2,1,4
D)3,1,2,4

Question 58

The parts of a renal corpuscle that are very permeable are the:

A)glomerulus and inner layer of Bowman's capsule
B)glomerulus and outer layer of Bowman's capsule
C)inner and outer layers of Bowman's capsule
D)outer layer of Bowman's capsule only

Question 59

The energy for the process of filtration is provided by:

A)active transport
B)diffusion
C)ATP
D)blood pressure

Question 60

In the kidneys,the process of filtration takes place in the:

A)renal tubule
B)renal medulla
C)collecting tubule
D)renal corpuscle

Question 61

The maximum amount of glucose or amino acids that may be reabsorbed by the kidney tubules is called the:

A)secretion level
B)GFR
C)all or none law
D)threshold level

Question 62

The threshold level for the reabsorption of glucose from the renal filtrate will not be exceeded as long as:

A)the blood glucose level is within the normal range
B)the blood flow to the kidneys increases after meals
C)the kidneys are able to rest between meals
D)the blood pressure does not drop significantly

Question 63

In the kidneys,active transport is the process for the reabsorption of:

A)glucose
B)amino acids
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and small proteins

Question 64

The threshold level of the kidney tubules refers to the:

A)amount of a substance that passes through
B)amount of a substance that can be buffered
C)amount of a substance that the urine can excrete
D)amount of a substance that can be reabsorbed

Question 65

The cells of the proximal convoluted tubule are specialized for tubular reabsorption because they have:

A)a greater blood supply nearby
B)microvilli to increase their surface area
C)more glomerular capillaries surrounding them
D)cilia to sweep useful materials in

Question 66

In the kidneys,the process by which small proteins are reabsorbed is:

A)passive transport
B)active transport
C)osmosis
D)pinocytosis

Question 67

In the kidneys,pinocytosis is the process of reabsorption for:

A)small proteins
B)amino acids
C)both A and B
D)both A and B,and large amounts of glucose

Question 68

In the kidneys,the process by which negative ions are reabsorbed is:

A)passive transport
B)active transport
C)osmosis
D)pinocytosis

Question 69

In the kidneys,osmosis is the process for the reabsorption of:

A)glucose
B)water
C)amino acids
D)negative ions

Question 70

If glucose is found in urine,this means that:

A)The threshold level for reabsorption has been exceeded.
B)The blood level of glucose is higher than the normal range.
C)Both A and B.
D)Both A and B,and the kidneys are in danger of failing.

Question 71

Microvilli are found on the cells of the proximal convoluted tubule to:

A)sweep the filtrate through the tubule
B)maintain the pressure within the tubule
C)prevent excessive reabsorption of water
D)increase the surface area for reabsorption

Question 72

The renal artery takes blood from the:

A)abdominal aorta to the kidney
B)inferior vena cava to the kidney
C)kidney to the abdominal aorta
D)kidney to the inferior vena cava

Question 73

Which statement is NOT true of tubular reabsorption in the kidneys?

A)Amino acids and positive ions are reabsorbed by active transport.
B)Substances are reabsorbed from the filtrate to the peritubular capillaries.
C)Anything that is not reabsorbed will appear in the urine.
D)Small proteins are too large to be reabsorbed.

Question 74

Which statement is NOT true of tubular secretion in the kidneys?

A)Creatinine and ammonia can be secreted.
B)Materials that are secreted are put into the blood.
C)Materials that are secreted are not useful.
D)Materials that are secreted will be found in urine.

Question 75

In the kidneys,the process by which water is reabsorbed from the renal filtrate is:

A)passive transport
B)active transport
C)osmosis
D)pinocytosis

Question 76

The process of tubular secretion can transport all of these to the renal filtrate except:

A)metabolic products of medications
B)glucose
C)ammonia
D)creatinine

Question 77

The renal vein takes blood from the:

A)abdominal aorta to the kidney
B)inferior vena cava to the kidney
C)kidney to the abdominal aorta
D)kidney to the inferior vena cava

Question 78

In the kidneys,the process of tubular secretion enables the tubules to put substances into the:

A)blood to be excreted
B)filtrate to be retained in the body
C)blood to be retained in the body
D)filtrate to be excreted

Question 79

Which statement is NOT true of tubular reabsorption in the kidneys?

A)The reabsorption of water follows the reabsorption of sodium.
B)There is a threshold level for the reabsorption of glucose.
C)Positive ions are reabsorbed by passive transport.
D)The peritubular capillaries receive the materials that are reabsorbed.

Question 80

The process of tubular secretion is especially important to excrete:

A)creatinine
B)excess glucose
C)excess water
D)nitrogen dioxide