Deck 5: Learning Disabilities

Question 1

What percentage of school-aged students with disabilities have learning disabilities?

A)36.7%
B)23.2%
C)42.3 %
D)62.5%

Answer 1

A

Question 2

An environmental agent suspected as a cause of learning disabilities is _____.

A)impoverished living conditions
B)food allergies
C)food gluten and dyes
D)vitamin deficiency

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Most students with learning disabilities have problems with _____.

A)attention
B)hyperactivity
C)reading
D)written language

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Larry scored below basic level on a statewide achievement test; however, his teacher has evidence that he has made small incremental improvements in both reading fluency and comprehension this year. Which type of assessment is likely to provide this evidence?

A)Criterion-referenced assessment
B)Curriculum-based measurement
C)Norm-referenced assessment
D)Summative assessment

Question 5

One of the major concerns about using RTI to identify those in need of special education is that _____.

A)culturally diverse students are overlooked
B)professionals are resistant to this approach
C)it takes longer to convince parents of the value of the approach
D)application of RTI across schools is inconsistent

Question 6

Carter is having difficulty learning to read. Although he is in third grade, his teacher says that he does not seem to have a conscious understanding that language is made up of sounds. Carter has a deficit in _____.

A)attention
B)phonological awareness
C)reading comprehension
D)word recall

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT true regarding students with learning disabilities and written language?

A)Some of their difficulties are due to confusion about spelling.
B)Their written language deficits reflect their weak language base.
C)They spend a large amount of time planning their ideas for writing.
D)They tend to write compositions with undeveloped ideas.

Question 8

Current research on behavior problems and students with learning disabilities indicates that _____.

A)they engage in more risk-taking behaviors
B)they are immature and over dependent on adults
C)their negative behaviors are caused by hyperactivity
D)their negative behaviors are caused by academic deficits

Question 9

All of the following are research-based principles of early reading instruction EXCEPT_____.

A)use the COPS strategy
B)show children how to sound out words
C)begin teachings phonemic awareness in kindergarten
D)use interesting stories

Question 10

Which of the following terms is considered obsolete by the NJCLD?

A)Dyslexia
B)Dysgraphia
C)Learned helplessness
D)Perceptual impairments

Question 11

Which of the following students would not qualify as learning disabled according to the federal definition?

A)Ashley, a student with dyslexia
B)Blake, a student with cerebral palsy
C)Carmen, a student with perceptual problems
D)Damien, a student with developmental aphasia

Question 12

What is the defining characteristic of students with learning disabilities?

A)Severe reading problems
B)Poor memory and attention
C)Difficulty understanding and using language
D)Achievement deficits in spite of adequate intelligence and effective instruction

Question 13

In what year was the term learning disabilities coined?

A)1963
B)1975
C)1980
D)1990

Question 14

One advantage of the response to intervention approach to identifying students with learning disabilities is _____.

A)it is simpler to use
B)it is less time-consuming
C)it is preferred by teachers and parents
D)it results in early identification and prevention

Question 15

Before IDEA 2004, the most common way to identify a severe discrepancy between expected and actual achievement is _____.

A)interviewing parents
B)observing the student in various classes and comparing performance
C)comparing student scores on IQ tests with scores on an achievement test
D)comparing student scores on reading and math tests with those of peers in the same grade

Question 16

Which of the following statements about math skills and students with learning disabilities is NOT accurate?

A)Working memory problems predict deficiencies in math.
B)Students with learning disabilities are fluent in recalling number facts.
C)Students with learning disabilities have difficulty solving story problems.
D)Their math performance, at middle and high school, is three or more grades below their actual grade.

Question 17

Mrs. O'Cain asks Travis to identify the middle sound in the word hit. Which phonemic awareness skill does this task involve?

A)Isolating sounds
B)Manipulating sounds
C)Orally blending sounds
D)Segmenting a word into sounds

Question 18

What is a drawback to using a discrepancy approach to identifying children with learning disabilities?

A)It is a subjective approach.
B)It is a "wait to fail" approach.
C)Test scores don't represent actual performance.
D)Too few students are being identified as learning disabled.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT identified, by the author of your textbook, as likely to improve the math performance of students with learning disabilities?

A)Discovery learning
B)Fluency training
C)Guided practice
D)Systematic instruction

Question 20

The NJCLD definition of learning disabilities is different from the IDEA definition in that _____.

A)it pertains to school-age children only
B)social difficulties are recognized as a learning disability
C)a specific formula for calculating a discrepancy score is provided
D)central nervous system dysfunction is presumed to the cause of learning disabilities

Question 21

Which of the following service options for students with learning disabilities is the most restrictive?

A)Consultation
B)General education classroom
C)Resource room
D)Separate classroom

Question 22

Define CBM and explain the advantages it has over summative evaluations.

Question 23

Special educators can best help students with learning disabilities succeed in general education classes by _____.

A)providing assistance with homework
B)providing assistance with assessments
C)teaching them basic skills in the resource room
D)teaching them behaviors that general educators value

Question 24

Define guided notes and explain two advantages of guided notes for both students and teachers.

Question 25

Criterion-referenced tests are most useful for _____.

A)diagnosing a learning disability
B)determining what skills a student has learned and need to learn
C)measuring small changes in achievement over time
D)comparing a student's achievement with that of peers of the same age

Question 26

On average, how many students does a resource teacher serve?

A)10
B)20
C)30
D)40

Question 27

Mrs. Cooper prepares handouts for her students with learning disabilities to help them understand her lecture. The handouts contain an outline of lecture content and include spaces for writing key facts, concepts, or relationships. This is an example of _____.

A)a graphic organizer
B)guided notes
C)prescribed notes
D)strategic note taking

Question 28

Neuroimaging research has indicated that students with dyslexia have differences in the brain structure or functioning in the _____.

A)cerebral cortex
B)corpus callosum
C)frontal lobe
D)left temporal lobe

Question 29

Mr. Carson is a middle school science teacher in an inclusive classroom. He wants all of his students to be successful, so he plans and sequences instruction to show the commonalities and differences between old and new knowledge. Which principle of effective instructional design does this exemplify?

A)Big ideas
B)Conspicuous strategies
C)Strategic integration
D)Primed background knowledge

Question 30

A special form of direct daily measurement in which instructional decisions are based on changes in the frequency of student performance is known as _____.

A)acceleration
B)CBM
C)precision teaching
D)tertiary intervention

Question 31

Which of the following is not true of content enhancement?

A)It may involve teaching mnemonics.
B)It includes a wide array of teaching techniques
C)It may increase the complexity of the curriculum.
D)It requires the teacher to simultaneously teach content and how to learn the content.

Question 32

Mr. Romano teaches his students to think of the acronym HOMES to remember the names of the five great lakes. What type of mnemonic device is this?

A)A cryptic strategy
B)A keyword method
C)A letter strategy
D)A pegword method