Deck 15: Emergency Preparedness and Disaster Management

Question 1

How is a disaster best defined?

A) Any event or situation that results in multiple casualties and/or deaths
B) A catastrophic and/or destructive event that disrupts normal functioning
C) An industrial accident and unplanned release of nuclear waste
D) An event that results in human casualties that overwhelm available health care resources

Answer 1

A catastrophic and/or destructive event that disrupts normal functioning

Question 2

Disaster nursing differs from general nursing because when caring for patients during a disaster

A) the focus is on caring for the sickest people first.
B) using a colour tag system reduces the amount of emotional stress on the nurse.
C) the focus is no longer on airway,breathing,and circulation.
D) the focus is on caring for those most likely to survive.

Answer 2

the focus is on caring for those most likely to survive.

Question 3

Dispersal of biological agents is a real and psychological terrorist threat.Which of the following organisms has the potential to cause the greatest harm?

A) Anthrax
B) Ricin
C) Salmonella
D) Hantavirus

Answer 3

Anthrax

Question 4

Personal protective equipment (PPE)is categorized by the level of safety provided.Standard work uniforms or work clothes offer what level of protection?

A) Level A
B) Level B
C) Level C
D) Level D

Question 5

Which of the following biological agent requires the use of an antitoxin if exposure occurs?

A) Anthrax
B) Plague
C) Botulism
D) Typhoid

Question 6

__________ is the sorting of individuals by the seriousness of their condition and the likelihood of their survival.

A) Assessment
B) Planning
C) Implementation
D) Triage

Question 7

Conditions determined by physical,social,economic,and/or environmental factors or processes,which increase the susceptibility of a community to the effects of hazards,are considered a(n)

A) threat.
B) vulnerability.
C) emergency.
D) hazard.

Question 8

On arriving at a mass causality scene,health care providers using the START approach will initiate triage by doing which of the following first?

A) Assess breathing.
B) Instruct ambulatory patients to move to a designated area.
C) Assess respiratory rate,perfusion,and mental status.
D) Differentiate between those triaged as red and yellow.

Question 9

A patient has been exposed to a toxic chemical.The nurse's first priority is _______________.

A) determining the exact toxic chemical
B) decontamination
C) providing the antidote
D) obtaining a full set of vital signs

Question 10

The most recently labeled level of protection is BioPPE.The use of BioPPE requires which of the following items?

A) Self-contained breathing apparatus
B) Respiratory protection but less skin protection
C) Chemical-resistant boots and gloves
D) Standard work clothes and contact- and respiratory-protective devices

Question 11

For safety reasons,rescue workers should be upwind and uphill from a toxic chemical disaster scene to avoid exposure.The exception is when ____________ has been released,because it is lighter than air.

A) anthrax
B) varicella
C) cyanide gas
D) brucellosis

Question 12

Hurricane Zee has caused severe flooding and loss of power throughout the east coast.The local community has a stockpile of supplies that will help it get through the next 72 hours.Beyond this,once local and federal authorities confirm the need,supplies will be issued from the ____________.

A) Incident Command System (ICS)
B) Strategic National Stockpile (SNS)
C) Canadian Red Cross
D) National Emergency Strategic Stockpile (NESS)

Question 13

The patient is brought into the emergency department as part of a mass casualty incident (MCI).The patient has white powder on his clothes,and it is suspected that the patient has been exposed to anthrax.What should the nurse do first?

A) Cut off the patient's clothing and place it in a plastic bag.
B) Have the patient remove his sweater by pulling it over his head.
C) Avoid using oxygen that could decrease the patient's oxygen drive.
D) Provide the patient with appropriate antibiotics.

Question 14

The patient is admitted to the emergency department with possible smallpox exposure.The patient has never had a smallpox immunization.The nurse prepares to administer a smallpox vaccination,realizing that vaccination

A) within 4 days of exposure should prevent the disease.
B) is effective only if received before exposure.
C) 4 to 7 days after exposure will completely prevent the disease.
D) within 3 days will offer only some protection from disease.

Question 15

After a suspected radiological exposure,the initial scan of the patient's extremities is positive.What will be the next step in this patient's care?

A) Washing the skin with soap and water while taking care not to irritate or abrade the skin
B) Removing clothing to eliminate 70% to 90% of the contamination
C) Isolating and covering up any skin that is positive for radiation using a plastic wrap
D) Conducting a thorough survey of the patient's entire body with the radiation sensing equipment

Question 16

Which households should own an emergency preparedness/disaster kit?

A) Those located in areas of frequent natural disasters
B) Those who are currently experiencing a disaster
C) None-only hospitals should have emergency preparedness/disaster kits.
D) All households should have emergency preparedness/disaster kits.

Question 17

If a patient is receiving radiation using gamma rays,the nurse would be watching for which of the following?

A) Severe pain during administration
B) Development of an allergy to shellfish
C) Severe burns or internal injury
D) Confusion and lethargy

Question 18

The _________________ outlines a plan that addresses preparedness planning related to equipment,systems,and protocols necessary to achieve integrated voice and data communications in the event of a disaster.

A) Incident Command System (ICS)
B) Emergency Act
C) Canadian Red Cross
D) World Health Organization (WHO)

Question 19

Canada's Emergency Management Framework has four components.They are

A) prevention,preparedness,response,and recovery.
B) prevention,preparedness,reaction,and mitigation.
C) strengths,weaknesses,opportunities,and threats.
D) opportunities,threats,response,and recovery.

Question 20

The nurse has arrived at the scene of a natural disaster and is assigned to care for four patients.To which patient should the nurse provide care first?

A) Patient with a closed head injury with no changes in level of consciousness
B) Patient with a 3-cm laceration to the forearm
C) Patient who is breathing 8 times per minute
D) Patient with a displaced wrist fracture

Question 21

The patient is admitted with exposure to an unknown chemical.His clothing appears to be grossly contaminated.What should the nurse do? (Select all that apply.)

A) Avoid touching contaminated parts of clothing.
B) Pull off the patient's tee shirt over his head.
C) Cut off the patient's clothes.
D) Wash the patient with large amounts of soap and water.

Question 22

Why are children particularly vulnerable to environmental toxins? (Select all that apply.)

A) They have stronger immune systems.
B) They take in proportionally larger doses of toxins from food,water,and the air.
C) Their organ systems are less able to remove toxins than adult organ systems.
D) They have a greater number of years of life expectancy.

Question 23

Which of the following should make the nurse suspect a biological event? (Select all that apply.)

A) Large numbers of ill people with unexplained similar symptoms
B) Unexplained deaths among young and healthy populations
C) A patient population with symptoms suggestive of a common agent
D) An unusual geographical pattern associated with the symptoms