Deck 17: Gothic Art of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries

Question 1

The German preference for realism in the thirteenth century may have contributed to the earliest surviving depiction of St. Maurice as a

A) Roman soldier.
B) peasant.
C) pilgrim.
D) black African.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Which thirteenth-century cathedral is an excellent example of the English interpretation of the Gothic style?

A) Reims
B) Chartres
C) Amiens
D) Salisbury

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The Royal Portal at the Church of Notre Dame at Chartres gets its name from

A) its function as the ceremonial entrance for church officials.
B) its function as the king's private entrance.
C) the column statues depicting members of the French royal family.
D) the column statues depicting biblical kings, queens, and prophets.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which settings were a typical feature of Gothic narrative painting that depicted events from the past?

A) ancient
B) contemporary
C) landscape
D) otherworldly

Question 5

How does the equestrian scene from Holofernes's Army Crossing the Euphrates River in the Sainte-Chapelle (Fig. 17-20) demonstrate pictorial innovation in the stained-glass medium?

A) the overlapping figures to create a colorful pattern
B) the use of bar tracery
C) the dilution of the paint to create modeling washes
D) the use of foreshortening to create illusionistic space

Question 6

What architectural feature distinguishes English Gothic cathedrals from those built in France?

A) A tower at the crossing served as the focal point.
B) Lancet windows were placed over the monumental portals.
C) Pointed arches along the nave arcade directed viewers' attention upward toward the vaults.
D) The preference for massive walls eliminated the need for flying buttresses.

Question 7

In the Gothic period, which city did Thomas Aquinas make the intellectual center of Europe?

A) Rome
B) Milan
C) Paris
D) London

Question 8

The first monastic order of mendicants was the

A) Benedictines.
B) Samaritans.
C) Cistercians.
D) Franciscans.

Question 9

The oldest functioning synagogue in Europe is

A) Altneuschul.
B) Bien Shalom.
C) Ashweitz.
D) Contrite.

Question 10

The period from 1150 CE to 1400 CE is known as the

A) "Age of Decorated Style."
B) "Age of Rose Windows."
C) "Age of Monasteries."
D) "Age of Cathedrals."

Question 11

What might have been the reason behind public resentment and rioting over the building of Gothic cathedrals?

A) burden of new taxes and economic strain
B) concern over unsafe working conditions for masons
C) corruption among church officials managing building funds
D) public displeasure with the Church's close ties to the monarchy

Question 12

Holes cut in the stone wall and filled with stained glass are called

A) mosaic inlay.
B) concept glass.
C) plate tracery.
D) track tracery.

Question 13

Chartres received revenue not only from pilgrims but also from

A) royal processions.
B) mystery plays.
C) cloth markets.
D) jousting competitions.

Question 14

The historical manuscripts compiled by Matthew Paris at the monastery of St. Albans in England include

A) marginal drawings that were integral to his writing.
B) references to additional sources of information.
C) decorative motifs that reflect Hiberno-Saxon influences.
D) detailed vignettes illustrating specific places and events.

Question 15

The ambiguity and contradiction of earlier British manuscripts continued in the

A) Villard's drawings with geometric figures.
B) Shrine of the Three Kings.
C) Windmill Psalter.
D) Historia Anglorum.

Question 16

What was developed at Reims Cathedral that made it possible for even larger areas of stained glass in relation to wall surfaces?

A) plate tracery
B) flying buttresses
C) bar tracery
D) a central division of the clerestory

Question 17

What characterized the narratives on the windows along the aisles and chapels at Chartres Cathedral?

A) boldly colored, iconic figures easily seen from a distance
B) complex learned allegories on sin and salvation
C) simplified stories intended for an illiterate audience
D) stocky, folksy figures

Question 18

After reading religious texts by the Pseudo-Dionysius, what did Abbot Suger adopt for the redesign of the Abbey Church at Saint-Denis?

A) the concept of luminosity
B) a structure that "could reach the gates of heaven"
C) the accommodations for more pilgrims
D) the validity of royal power

Question 19

In stained glass, pieces of glass are joined together with narrow lead strips called

A) grozing.
B) jambs.
C) cames.
D) bar tracery.

Question 20

What quality of painted crucifixes, such as the one attributed to Coppo di Marcovaldo (Fig. 17-38), would make them especially popular in churches of the Italian mendicants?

A) the painting style in the "Greek manner"
B) the empathetic response they encouraged in viewers
C) their iconic format and compositions
D) the stylized representation of Christ's body

Question 21

Compare and contrast the styles, compositions, and iconography associated with the figures of Annunciation, Nativity, and Adoration of the Shepherds from Pisa (Fig. 17-36) and Royal Portal, West Façade, from the Cathedral of Notre-Dame at Chartres (Fig. 17-6).

Question 22

In contrast to Romanesque sculptures, the prophets and ancestors on Chartres's Royal Portal emanate

A) Byzantine qualities.
B) faceted folds of drapery.
C) erratic, puppet-like movements.
D) tranquility and order.

Question 23

Which style of art from Constantinople influenced thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Italian painting?

A) Pisan
B) Mozarabic
C) maniera greca
D) Gothic

Question 24

How did Stokesay Castle exemplify a fortified manor house?

Question 25

Which may have been influenced by Roman sarcophagi, in terms of format and technique?

A) The Miracle of the Crib at Greccio (Fig. 17-40)
B) Ekkehard and Uta (Fig. 17-34)
C) Annunciation, Nativity, and Adoration of the Shepherds (Fig. 17-36)
D) Sheets of Drawings with Geometric Figures (Fig. 17-17)

Question 26

How did the artists and architects of Chartres create a harmonious elevation?

Question 27

What improvements did Abbot Suger make to the Abbey Church of Saint-Denis?

Question 28

Discuss the role of masons during the Gothic period and describe the detail of Masons at Work (Fig. 17-7).

Question 29

What was added to the tops of towers in order to provide stone shields for more effective defense?

A) crenellations
B) crossing
C) transept
D) jambs

Question 30

Who fostered a Classical revival at his southern Italian court?

A) Frederick II
B) Henry Plantagenet
C) Louis VII
D) Philip Augustus

Question 31

Discuss the development of the Gothic style in architecture from its origins in France to regional variations in England and Germany.

Question 32

What relics of Christ are contained in the Sainte-Chapelle?

Question 33

Why does the Moralized Bible define the Court style?

Question 34

What was the purpose of Gothic mural painting?

Question 35

What scenes are depicted in the decoration of Chartres Cathedral?

Question 36

How are stained glass windows made?

Question 37

Where and why was the term "Gothic" first used?

Question 38

What characterized the German hall church?

Question 39

Compare the role of painting in stained glass and illuminated manuscripts to express both religious and secular ideas of the Gothic period.

Question 40

What Gothic architectural features can be seen in The Miracle of the Crib at Greccio (Fig. 17-40) at the Church of St. Francis at Assisi?