Deck 18: Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Question 1

People are more likely to exhibit social loafing if

A)their efforts are not rewarded.
B)rewards are divided according to individual effort.
C)rewards are divided equally regardless of individual effort.
D)they are individually monitored.

Answer 1

rewards are divided equally regardless of individual effort.

Question 2

_____ refers to the tendency for people to exert less effort when they pool their efforts toward a common goal than when they are individually accountable.

A)Social facilitation
B)Social loafing
C)Deindividuation
D)Mere presence

Answer 2

Social loafing

Question 3

According to your text,people in _____ cultures exhibit less social loafing than people in _____ cultures.

A)independent; dependent
B)dependent; independent
C)collectivistic; individualistic
D)individualistic; collectivistic

Answer 3

collectivistic; individualistic

Question 4

In a study by Latané and his colleagues (1979),the participants were asked to shout and clap as loudly as possible.Participants produced the most noise when they

A)thought they were shouting alone.
B)thought there was one other person shouting with them.
C)thought there were five other people shouting with them.
D)were not feeling any evaluation apprehension.

Question 5

Maria agreed to join her friends for a fundraising activity.However,convinced that the fundraiser could be taken care of by her friends,she went shopping on the appointed day.In this scenario,Maria is most likely a

A)social facilitator.
B)coactor.
C)free rider.
D)discriminator.

Question 6

People in groups will loaf less when

A)a task is challenging,appealing,or involving.
B)a task is difficult.
C)the group members do not know each other.
D)a task is not rewarded.

Question 7

When being observed increases evaluation concerns,_____ occurs; when being lost in a crowd decreases evaluation concerns,_____ occurs.

A)deindividuation; groupthink
B)groupthink; deindividuation
C)social loafing; social facilitation
D)social facilitation; social loafing

Question 8

Sam contributes little to group assignments as he thinks others will be sure to pick up the slack in his efforts.This is an example of

A)social facilitation.
B)social loafing.
C)deindividuation.
D)mere presence.

Question 9

When individual efforts are pooled and not evaluated,evaluation apprehension is _____ and the probability of social loafing is _____.

A)high; low
B)low; high
C)high; high
D)low; low

Question 10

Sally's marching band is selling candy bars to raise money for new uniforms.All members are asked to sell candy bars.At the end of the month,they will pool their money and make the purchase.This is an example of a(n)

A)additive task.
B)disjunctive task.
C)social loafing.
D)social facilitation.

Question 11

Ingham (1974)found that when blindfolded participants thought they were pulling with other participants during a tug-of-war,they _____ when they thought they were pulling alone.

A)pulled more than
B)pulled less than
C)pulled the same amount as
D)varied more in their pulling amount than

Question 12

Your psychology professor has assigned group projects to your class.She has chosen to individually grade each student's contribution to the assigned assignment in an attempt to reduce

A)social facilitation.
B)social loafing.
C)minority influence.
D)group polarization.

Question 13

In the context of social loafing,it has been observed that groups tend to loaf less when their members are

A)competitors.
B)likely to meet again.
C)dissimilar.
D)unknown to each other.

Question 14

At a factory job,Samantha's output was measured at the end of each day by calculating the productivity of the team of workers she belonged to.As the team members were not held individually accountable,this allowed Samantha to exert less effort in her work.In this scenario,Samantha's behavior is a typical example of

A)the confirmation bias.
B)group polarization.
C)social loafing.
D)social facilitation.

Question 15

David went canoeing with three of his friends.He took the oars but put minimal effort in rowing,letting his friends do all the hard work.In this scenario,David will be known as a

A)free rider.
B)coactor.
C)social facilitator.
D)group polarizer.