Deck 9: Globalization

Question 1

People who flee their country oorigin because they share a well-founded fear opersecution are called

A)tourists.
B)immigrants.
C)stateless persons.
D)refugees.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

The process by which a cultural custom, item, or concepis modified to fithe cultural contexoa society thaborrows iis called

A)globalization.
B)tourism.
C)transnationalism.
D)cultural hybridization.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In "How Sushi WenGlobal," Theodore Bestor notes thathe Japanese love osushi increased because the introduction ojeaircrafin the 1960s made ipossible to ship fresh bluefin tuna, the centerpiece osushi, to Japan before the fish could spoil.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The situation where more than one differenculture is paroa larger social aggregate is called

A)multicultural.
B)cultural diffusion.
C)cultural hybridization.
D)globalization.

Question 5

According to Bestor in "How Sushi WenGlobal," few North Americans ate bluefin tuna before the international markefor sushi developed, preferring instead to fish for tuna as a sport.

Question 6

Refugees are people who flee their country oorigin because they share a well-founded
fear opersecution.

Question 7

The world system is the economic incorporation odifferenparts othe world into a
system based on capitalism, nopolitics.

Question 8

Multicultural literally means more than one culture, buthe term is usually applied to situations where groups with differencultural backgrounds are paroa larger social
aggregate.

Question 9

Cultural diffusion is the process by which a cultural custom, item, or concepis
modified or hybridized to fithe cultural contexoa society thaborrows it.

Question 10

According to Bestor in "How Sushi WenGlobal,"

A)globalization has meant homogenization.Sushi is no longer viewed as a Japanese entity worldwide.
B)in waters off of Seabrook, New Hampshire, bluefin tuna are trapped, fed by hand, then processed to meet the demand for sushi in Japan and around the world.
C)tuna's popularity in Japan has declined significantly in the past two decades.
D)the first appearance of tuna in Japanese literature was in the eighth-century collection of imperial court poetry called Man'yoshu.

Question 11

According to Bestor in "How Sushi WenGlobal," America has become the center othe world markefor sushi and bluefin tuna, and Japan is now on the periphery.

Question 12

The world system is the movemenoa cultural category, culturally defined behavior,
or culturally produced artifacfrom one society to another through borrowing.

Question 13

Refugees are individuals who emigrate from one country to another.

Question 14

In "How Sushi WenGlobal," Bestor argues thathe Japanese control the world price for bluefin tuna because the governmensets prices paid for imported fish, which, in turn, affects the economy oU.S.fishing villages.

Question 15

Cultural hybridization is the process by which a cultural custom, item, or concepis
modified or hybridized to fithe cultural contexoa society thaborrows it.

Question 16

Cultural hybridization is the economic incorporation odifferenparts othe world into
a system based on capitalism, nopolitics.

Question 17

In "How Sushi WenGlobal," Bestor concludes thaJapan is still the central markefor internationally caughbluefin tuna, and the Japanese have tried to teach American fishermen and tuna buyers how to judge the quality otuna thaare suitable for the Japanese market.

Question 18

The process thapromotes economic, political, and other cultural connections among people living all over the world is called

A)cultural diffusion.
B)world systemization.
C)globalization.
D)cultural hybridization.

Question 19

The passage oa cultural idea, culturally defined behavior, or culturally produced artifacfrom one society to another through borrowing is called

A)cultural diffusion.
B)multiculturalism.
C)cultural hybridization.
D)globalization.

Question 20

In "How Sushi WenGlobal," Bestor notes thabluefin tuna are now raised in Spanish waters near Gibraltar, where they are fed by hand.

Question 21

According to Guneratne and Bjork in "Village Walks," Nepalese touriscompanies characterize the Tharu as primitive foresdwellers untouched by civilization.

Question 22

According to Guneratne and Bjork in "Village Walks," Tharu villagers from Pipariya referred to tourists as

A)pests.
B)customers (of goods the villagers had for sale).
C)arrogant.
D)guests.

Question 23

According to Bestor in "How Sushi WenGlobal," Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT)

A)is a nonmigratory species that lives in the Mediterranean Sea; ABT normally weigh roughly 6 to 10 pounds.
B)is a migratory species of fish that is found in the Pacific Ocean and most often caught with fighting tackle.
C)has been so overfished in the wild that it is now only available from seafood farms in Asia.
D)is highly migratory; can be found from the equator to Newfoundland and from Turkey to the Gulf of Mexico; and can weigh over 1,000 pounds.

Question 24

As Guneratne and Bjork observe in "Village Walks," mosguides thaled tours to Pipariya were from lower-ranking ethnic groups and had little knowledge othe Tharu.

Question 25

In "How Sushi WenGlobal," Bestor observes thaTsukiji, Tokyo's wholesale seafood market,

A)auctions off only Japanese-caught bluefin tuna.
B)handles just 13 percent of the tonnage that New York City's Fulton Fish Market sells each year.
C)is sent daily information about tuna conditions in such fishing grounds as Montauk, Cape Cod, and Cartagena by fishermen in return for information about prices.
D)is one of three bluefin tuna auctions; the other two are in Madrid, Spain and Boston, Massachusetts.

Question 26

In "Village Walks," Guneratne and Bjork reporthaan angry Tharu household head once

A)struck a rude tourist with a stick.
B)berated a tourist for smoking marijuana in his compound.
C)threatened a tour guide with a stick for invading his kitchen.
D)blocked a tourist-laden ox cart from entering Pipariya.

Question 27

In "Village Walks," Guneratne and Bjork reporthat, although some tourists intruded into Tharu houses in Pipariya, guides were careful to warn them againsdoing so.

Question 28

According to Guneratne and Bjork in "Village Walks," mosTharu men from Pipariya wore Western-style clothes, whereas many Tharu women continued to wear their traditional dress.

Question 29

In "How Sushi WenGlobal," Bestor thinks the reason thathe Japanese had to turn to the world markefor bluefin tuna was that

A)they had completely fished out bluefin tuna in the Pacific.
B)an international agreement prevented fishing within 200 miles of other countries' shores.
C)the Japanese discovered that Atlantic tuna were much better than their own Pacific tuna.
D)sushi became more popular in Japan in the 1960s, and demand outran supply.

Question 30

According to Guneratne and Bjork in "Village Walks," the authors

A)ended up giving lectures about Tharu culture to tourists.
B)(especially Bjork) were themselves a tourist attraction.
C)tried to change the way the Tharu were characterized by tour guides and tourist companies.
D)helped Tharu villagers avoid tourists whenever possible.

Question 31

In "Village Walks," Guneratne and Bjork indicate which Nepalese ethnic group(s) the tour guides are moslikely to come from:

A)Brahmin and Chhetri
B)Bhangi and Brahmin
C)Sherpas
D)Dolpa

Question 32

According to Guneratne and Bjork in "Village Walks," the Tharu village oPipariya is located adjacento

A)the Chitwan national forest.
B)the Himalayan mountains.
C)the Tarai National Forest.
D)the border with India.

Question 33

When Arjun Guneratne returned to Pipariya in 2009 he found that

A)some Tharu from the village were working overseas and sending money home.
B)the Tharu had built a small museum the depicted life as it had been many years ago but tourists never visited it.
C)tourists had largely stopped visiting the village, because its residents had now built brick houses and resembled their Brahmin neighbors.
D)globalization had failed to touch the Tharu.

Question 34

In "How Sushi WenGlobal," why does Bestor refer to bluefin tuna as "stateless fish?"

A)Bluefin tuna swim so fast and migrate so far, they may not remain in any nation's waters for long.
B)ICCAT (the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas), made up of 28 countries, has declared that the fish should receive "stateless" legal status.
C)No one country has been willing to take responsibility for conserving bluefin tuna.
D)Bluefin tuna form part of sushi in every country of the world.

Question 35

According to Guneratne and Bjork in "Village Walks," mosforeign tourists failed to deteca difference between Brahmin and Tharu houses in Pipariya.

Question 36

In "Village Walks," Guneratne and Bjork conclude thawhen people are the objecothe "tourisgaze," they become more aware otheir own culture and group identity.

Question 37

In "Village Walks," Guneratne and Bjork note thatour companies have characterized the Tharu as

A)successful forest horticulturalists.
B)primitive forest aboriginals.
C)the remnants of a lost Nepalese tribe.
D)refugees from central Nepal.

Question 38

According to Shandy in "Nuer Refugees in America," the Nuer refugees who have been resettled in the United States were originally a pastoral people living in South Sudan.

Question 39

In "Village Walks," Guneratne and Bjork note that, despite the incursion otourists during the dry season, the Tharu residents oPipariya managed to live much as they had before the 1950s.

Question 40

According to Guneratne and Bjork in "Village Walks," Tharu villagers preferred tourists who

A)photographed their houses and children.
B)ignored their tour guides.
C)asked them the most questions.
D)arrived in the village by themselves rather than in a tour group.

Question 41

According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild in "Global Women in the New Economy," Third World governments have attempted to preventheir female citizens from migrating because the latter are causing massive social breakdown by leaving their children and families.

Question 42

In "Nuer Refugees in America," Shandy notes thathe U.S.immigration service has settled the Nuer in abou30 differenstates because

A)they could not find a single location for them all.
B)they feel refugees adapt better if they are scattered in small groups around the country.
C)they hoped to prevent the Nuer immigrants from finding each other and building communities here in the United States.
D)their safety depends on hiding them among American families so that their political enemies cannot find them.

Question 43

According to Shandy in "Nuer Refugees in America," the firsanthropologisto conducand publish extensive ethnography abouthe Nuer was Sir E.E.Evans-Pritchard.

Question 44

In "Nuer Refugees in America," Shandy notes thathe UN defines refugees as IDPs, meaning "internally displaced persons."

Question 45

In "Global Women in the New Economy," Ehrenreich and Hochschild note thamany women from wealthy societies have succeeded in the "tough" male world buhave turned over the care otheir children, elderly parents, and homes to women from the Third World.

Question 46

In "Nuer Refugees in America," Shandy reports thaThok Ding was finally resettled in the United States after his father was killed in the Sudanese civil war; he attended school in Ethiopia, and lived in a refugee camp in Kenya.

Question 47

According to Shandy in "Nuer Refugees in America," the Nuer oSouth Sudan were firsstudied by

A)Sir E.E.Evans-Pritchard.
B)Sir Thok Ding.
C)Robert Gardner.
D)Sharon Hutchinson.

Question 48

According to Shandy in "Nuer Refugees in America," Nuer boys go through a painful initiation ceremony called the

A)IDP ceremony.
B)gaar ceremony.
C)cicatrization ceremony.
D)ngoya ceremony.

Question 49

In "Nuer Refugees in America," Shandy defines transnationalism as

A)the nationalistic fervor of one people that causes them to go to war with another.
B)the shifting of national loyalties from one nation state to another.
C)another word for global markets.
D)the cross-cutting ties that span the borders of nation-states.

Question 50

In "Global Women in the New Economy," Ehrenreich and Hochschild note thathere are four major flows omigranwomen: one from SoutheasAsia to the Middle and Far East, a second from EasEurope to Western Europe, a third from South and South and Central America to North America, and a fourth from Africa to Europe.

Question 51

In "Global Women in the New Economy," Ehrenreich and Hochschild argue thamoswomen who migrate from poor countries to rich ones cannogework in their home countries because they are so poorly educated.

Question 52

According to Shandy in "Nuer Refugees in America," the UN classifies refugees as people who have

A)left their home country but are willing to return.
B)left their home country to seek economic prosperity elsewhere.
C)left their home country because they fear persecution based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a social group.
D)left their homes but are still in their home country.

Question 53

In "Nuer Refugees in America," Shandy argues thathe only ways refugees can gain resettlemenin another country is by having a useful skill needed by the country, or by the intervention orelatives or friends who guarantee they will provide the refugees with jobs.

Question 54

In "Nuer Refugees in America," Shandy notes thaa peace agreemensigned in __________ ended the North-South war in Sudan, and South Sudan gained its independence in __________.

A)1983, 2005
B)2011, 2014
C)1996, 2011
D)2005, 2011

Question 55

According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild in their selection, "Global Women in the New Economy," millions owomen now migrate from poor countries to work in rich ones.

Question 56

In "Nuer Refugees in America," Shandy observes thathe Nuer are mosoften firsaided in their questo be resettled in the United States by

A)relatives.
B)UN officials.
C)voluntary organizations (volags).
D)U.S.immigration officials.

Question 57

According to Shandy in "Nuer Refugees in America," the UN has several categories orefugees.The refugee moslikely to be accepted for resettlemenin a second country is called an "economic refugee."

Question 58

According to Shandy in "Nuer Refugees in America," the UN looks athree possible solutions to the refugee problem: voluntary repatriation to the country oorigin, integration into a country oasylum, or third-country resettlement.

Question 59

According to Shandy in "Nuer Refugees in America," Nuer refugees have been sento the United States by Christian missionaries who live in South Sudan.

Question 60

In "Global Women in the New Economy," Ehrenreich and Hochschild reporthaThird World women working as maids and nannies in America have caused the American children they care for to feel stress, because such women are foreign and cannounderstand how to treatheir American charges.

Question 61

Which one othe following is a characteristic oThird World women who migrate for work, as reported by Ehrenreich and Hochschild in "Global Women in the New Economy"?

A)Most are under 20 years of age.
B)Many are better educated than other women from their home country.
C)Most are single without children.
D)Most migrate to escape abusive husbands or other family members.

Question 62

As Ehrenreich and Hochschild observe in "Global Women in the New Economy," one reason FirsWorld women hire Third World women as domestics and nannies is thaFirsWorld governments have noinstituted programs to help them with child care.

Question 63

According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild in "Global Women in the New Economy," African women are moslikely to migrate to ____________ for work as domestics and nannies.

A)the Far East
B)the United States
C)Europe
D)Southeast Asia

Question 64

Which othe following factors encourages Third World women to migrate to the FirsWorld for work, according to Ehrenreich and Hochschild's article "Global Women in the New Economy"?

A)the amount of money they can make and send home
B)the possibility of achieving citizenship in the host country
C)the potential for improved health care
D)the possibility of eventually moving their families to the host country.

Question 65

According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild in their article "Global Women in the New Economy," women who migrate for work in other countries are often

A)better educated than most women in their home countries.
B)disappointed by the small amount of money they can make abroad.
C)discouraged by their home governments to seek work abroad.
D)shunned by their community for leaving their children in the care of other people.

Question 66

According to Ehrenreich and Hochschild in "Global Women in the New Economy," a Sri Lankan woman named Josephine Perera has

A)worked away from her children for 10 years in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and Greece.
B)takes frequent visits back to Sri Lanka to visit her children.
C)is unable to financially support her three children who still live in Sri Lanka.
D)has been unable to find domestic work outside of her country.

Question 67

In "Global Women in the New Economy,"Ehrenreich and Hochschild reporthaone othe greatesproblems faced by women who migrate from Third World countries for work in the FirsWorld is

A)finding enough money to travel to jobs outside their home country.
B)lack of sufficient education to hold jobs in the First World.
C)resentment of the kinds of jobs they are forced to take in the First World.
D)long separation from their children and family members.