Deck 29: Endocrine System Tumors

Question 1

14)In children, somatropin-secreting pituitary tumors can present as which of the following conditions?

A) Cushing's syndrome
B) Gigantism
C) Acromegaly
D) Diabetes insipidus

Answer 1

B
The hypersecretion of growth hormone produces clinical symptoms such as weight gain; thickening of the bones and soft tissues of the hands, feet, and cheeks; and overgrowth of the jaw and tongue.Patients are hypertensive and commonly complain of headaches and lassitude.This clinical syndrome is referred to as acromegaly, if hypersecretion occurs after puberty, and gigantism, if it happens before puberty.

Question 2

13)In adults, somatropin-secreting pituitary tumors can present as which of the following conditions?

A) Cushing's syndrome
B) Gigantism
C) Acromegaly
D) Diabetes insipidus

Answer 2

C
The hypersecretion of growth hormone produces clinical symptoms such as weight gain; thickening of the bones and soft tissues of the hands, feet, and cheeks; and overgrowth of the jaw and tongue.Patients are hypertensive and commonly complain of headaches and lassitude.This clinical syndrome is referred to as acromegaly, if hypersecretion occurs after puberty, and gigantism, if it happens before puberty.

Question 3

17)Survivors of the atomic bombs developed which type of endocrine gland cancer most frequently?

A) Pancreas
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Answer 3

C
Many studies have been conducted on the inhabitants of Nagasaki and Hiroshima after the explosion of the atomic bomb in 1945.Of 20,000 heavily and lightly exposed individuals examined every year since 1959, approximately 0.2% have developed thyroid cancer.

Question 4

9)In which gland is luteinizing hormone (LH)produced?

A) Pancreas
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 5

6)In which gland is ACTH produced?

A) Pancreas
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 6

16)Radiation is a known risk factor for cancers of which of the following endocrine glands?

A) Adrenal
B) Pancreas
C) Pituitary
D) Thyroid

Question 7

7)In which gland is follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)produced?

A) Pancreas
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 8

12)In which gland is T? produced?

A) Parathyroid
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 9

8)In which gland is prolactin (PRL)produced?

A) Pancreas
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 10

1)Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting tumors of the pituitary typically present with symptoms similar to cancer of which other endocrine gland?

A) Parathyroid
B) Adrenal
C) Thyroid
D) Pancreas

Question 11

4)In which gland is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)produced?

A) Pancreas
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 12

19)Tumors of which of the following endocrine glands are treated using arc radiation therapy?

A) Adrenal
B) Pancreas
C) Pituitary
D) Thyroid

Question 13

18)The pituitary gland is located within what portion of the sphenoid bone?

A) Hypothalamus
B) Cribriform plate
C) Sphenoid sinus
D) Sella turcica

Question 14

3)Cancer of which of the following endocrine glands is the most deadly?

A) Thyroid
B) Adrenal
C) Pituitary
D) Parathyroid

Question 15

5)In which gland is oxytocin produced?

A) Pancreas
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 16

15)Radioactive iodine is used to treat cancers of which of the following endocrine glands?

A) Pancreas
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 17

10)In which gland is cortisol produced?

A) Parathyroid
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 18

2)Cancer of which of the following endocrine glands has the highest incidence rate?

A) Thyroid
B) Adrenal
C) Pituitary
D) Parathyroid

Question 19

20)Which of the following conditions most generally occurs in children but not in adults?

A) Cushing's syndrome
B) Gigantism
C) Acromegaly
D) Diabetes insipidus

Question 20

11)In which gland is epinephrine produced?

A) Parathyroid
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 21

23)Which of the following critical structures is of most concern when treating thyroid cancers with external beam radiation?

A) Optic nerves
B) Spinal cord
C) Parotid glands
D) Ears

Question 22

28)A common side effect of radioactive Iodine treatment is ______________.

A) diarrhea
B) alopecia
C) fatigue
D) hyperpigmentation

Question 23

21)Which endocrine gland contains a medulla and a cortex?

A) Pancreas
B) Pituitary
C) Thyroid
D) Adrenal

Question 24

24)Which of the following hormones is not secreted by the pituitary?

A) ADH
B) TSH
C) FSH
D) PTH

Question 25

25)What is the most common form of thyroid cancer?

A) Follicular
B) Papillary
C) Medullary
D) Lymphoma

Question 26

26)What is the most common form of thyroid cancer seen in irradiated individuals?

A) Follicular
B) Papillary
C) Medullary
D) Lymphoma

Question 27

27)Which of the following is the primary thyroid tumor with the worst prognosis?

A) Follicular
B) Papillary
C) Medullary
D) Anaplastic

Question 28

29)Which of the following is the most common type of functioning pituitary adenoma?

A) Prolactin secreting
B) Growth hormone secreting
C) TSH secreting
D) Chromophobe adenoma

Question 29

22)Which of the following critical structures is of most concern when treating pituitary tumors with radiation?

A) Optic nerves
B) Spinal cord
C) Parotid glands
D) Ears

Question 30

30)Tumors of the adrenal medulla are called ______________.

A) chromophobe adenoma
B) pheochromocytoma
C) plasmacytoma
D) medullary tumors