Deck 28: Psychological Disorders Treated by Behavioral and Cognitive Behavioral Therapies

Question 1

What is the behavioral theory of depression referred to as behavioral activation?
In a sentence, state what is behavioral activation treatment for depression designed to do?

Answer 1

The behavioral theory of depression referred to as behavioral activation states that "individuals become depressed when there is an imbalance of punishment to positive reinforcement in their lives." Behavioral activation treatment of depression is designed to block avoidance behaviors that prevent the individual from coming into contact with reinforcers, and to encourage the client to engage in activities identified as reinforcing in a functional analysis.

Question 2

What is the defining characteristic of exposure-based therapies? Give an example of a nonexposure therapy?

Answer 2

A defining characteristic of exposure-based therapies is that they involve exposure-either in imagination or in vivo-of the client to the feared stimulus or stimuli.Cognitive therapy (i.e.helping a client to overcome irrational thinking that is thought to cause problems)would be an example of a non-exposure based therapy.ACT, another non-exposure therapy, has also been used in the treatment of specific phobias.

Question 3

In several sentences, describe an effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder.

Answer 3

An effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder is long-term vicarious exposure to the event or events that caused the problem.This may be done through imagination, talking about the event with a therapist, or writing about it.This way, the emotions elicited by the stimuli related to the trauma will extinguish and the debilitating attempts to avoid those stimuli will decrease.

Question 4

What are empirically supported therapies (ESTs)?

Question 5

What is a fear hierarchy?

Question 6

Briefly illustrate an example of how participant modeling might be used to treat a specific phobia.

Question 7

Why do empirically supported therapies often turn out to be behavioral or cognitive behavioral therapies?

Question 8

What is the distinction between obsessions and compulsions, and how might they be related?

Question 9

Briefly describe an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 10

Briefly illustrate an example of how in vivo flooding might be used to treat a specific phobia.

Question 11

What is a specific phobia?

Question 12

Briefly describe, with reference to an example, how cognitive therapy might be used in the treatment of an obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 13

List three classes of specific phobias, and give two examples of each.

Question 14

Briefly describe the behavioral characteristics of clinical depression.

Question 15

Using an example, briefly describe the three phases of systematic desensitization of a specific phobia.

Question 16

Define systematic desensitization.

Question 17

List and briefly describe four types of anxiety disorder.

Question 18

Briefly describe an effective treatment for panic disorder with agoraphobia.

Question 19

Describe the fundamental difference between flooding and systematic desensitization.

Question 20

Briefly describe, with reference to an example, how acceptance procedures might be used in the treatment of an obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 21

Briefly describe four components of a behavioral treatment for alcohol dependency.

Question 22

Describe the three components of habit reversal used to treat a habit disorder.

Question 23

In applications of CM approaches to nicotine and opiate addictions, how is substance-use measured?

Question 24

Briefly describe four types of eating disorders. For which has behavior therapy been most effective?

Question 25

List and briefly describe four components of behavioral couples therapy.

Question 26

What are two criticisms of the current emphasis on ESTs?

Question 27

List and briefly describe four behavioral strategies for treating obesity?

Question 28

Describe a general behavioral approach to the treatment of sexual dysfunction.

Question 29

What are the components of Sobell and Sobell's program for problem drinkers.

Question 30

What is virtual reality therapy? Give an example.