Deck 13: Central and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders

Question 1

Parkinson's disease (PD)is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting in the loss of dopamine-producing cells in the brain.Which part of the brain is affected with PD?
1)Substantia nigra
2)Cingulate gyrus
3)Hippocampus
4)Hypothalamus

Answer 1

1

Question 2

A clinician is performing sensory assessment on a patient presenting signs and symptoms of neurological disease.During the assessment, the clinician notices that the patient has a decreased sense of both pain and temperature.Which of the following may be affected?
1)Spinothalamic tract
2)Cranial nerve VII
3)Posterior column
4)Posterior horn

Answer 2

1

Question 3

According to studies, RLS is a condition for which there is no cure.Which of the following are recommended for the management of RLS symptoms? Select all that apply.
1)Glass of wine every night to fall asleep
2)Massage
3)Exercise
4)Group therapy
5)New bed

Answer 3

2, 3, 4

Question 4

To rule out age-related benign symptoms, motor functions should be inspected for body position and involuntary movements.Which of the following should be included in the
Assessment of motor function? Select all that apply.
1)Reflexes
2)Hypersensitivity
3)Muscle tone
4)Muscle strength
5)Sensory loss

Question 5

Mrs.Pope presents with twitching and burning sensations in her right leg that cause difficulty in walking.Initial suspicion is peripheral neuropathy.The proper diagnosis of
Peripheral neuropathy begins with a detailed history and physical examination.Which of the following information in her social history may be a cause of her symptoms? Select all that apply.
1)Substance abuse.
2)Use of supplements.
3)Use of shoes with good support.
4)Current occupation.
5)Going out to dinner.

Question 6

A patient is being assessed for symptoms of headaches, changes in mental function, language deficits, and visual problems.Diagnostic testing reveals that he does not have a brain tumor.Which of the following may be the differential diagnosis for the patient's symptoms? Select all that apply.
1)Stroke
2)Subdural hematoma
3)Meningitis
4)Venous insufficiency
5)Diabetes mellitus

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true relating the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD)? Select all that apply.
1)The disease should be addressed aggressively using all medications to minimize progression.
2)Drug therapy focuses on correcting the imbalance of dopamine and acetylcholine.
3)Exercise is a contraindication to avoid falls.
4)Depression is common in PD and can contribute to worsening of symptoms.
5)PD is accompanied by symptoms of radiculopathy.

Question 8

Peripheral neuropathy is a disorder of the peripheral nervous system resulting in sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunction.Which of the following conditions are the treatable causes of
Peripheral neuropathy? Select all that apply.
1)Radiculopathy
2)Alcohol use
3)Diabetes mellitus
4)Hypnic jerks
5)TBI

Question 9

Which of the following is a neurological disorder characterized by leg cramping, pulling, and tugging sensations, and may have a genetic component?
1)Radiculopathy
2)Nerve compression
3)Restless legs syndrome (RLS)
4)Sleep impairment

Question 10

Steve came in for an office visit presenting complaints of difficulty speaking, gait problems, and dizziness.Which of the following should be noted as additional signs and symptoms in the
Focused interview? Select all that apply.
1)Paresthesias
2)Weight gain
3)Pertinent family history
4)Loss of consciousness
5)Use of tobacco

Question 11

Mr.Fitzgerald has seizure conditions due to a recent accident causing traumatic brain injury (TBI).A nurse practitioner is tasked with giving the patient and his family information on home care.Which of the following should be included in the patient/family education?
1)Referral to an internist.
2)Lifestyle considerations.
3)Use of protective gear.
4)Referral for group therapy.

Question 12

Mr.Newman developed a sudden onset of severe headache, weakness on one side of his body, difficulty speaking, and loss of balance.He was immediately admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke.Which of the following is the manifestation of a hemorrhagic stroke?
1)Leak or rupture in an artery wall.
2)Leak or rupture in a venous wall.
3)Blockage in the heart.
4)Blockage of an artery.

Question 13

Neurological assessment of the older adult requires specific tools and considerations to assess patient mental status.Which of the following should be used to assess patient cognition?
1)Administer SLUMS, a short dementia assessment.
2)Administer MoCA v 7.1, a 12-item assessment to detect mild neurocognitive disorders.
3)Administer testing of cranial nerve III.
4)Administer Mini-Cog, a three-word recall with clock drawing capability.

Question 14

Gayle is a 55-year-old woman who is suspected of having a brain tumor.The clinician orders diagnostic testing for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)to confirm this.Which of the following statements is true regarding a brain tumor?
1)The symptom of headache is rare.
2)A brain tumor can be a malignant or benign neoplasm.
3)The etiology of brain tumors is often known.
4)Brain tumors occur more commonly in females than males.

Question 15

According to studies, which of the following is true regarding cerebrovascular disease?
1)It accounts for 20% to 50% of seizures in older adults.
2)It accounts for 10% of seizures in older adults.
3)Sixty percent of patients with stroke are at risk of developing seizures within 5 years.
4)Transient ischemic attacks have a relatively high incidence of seizures.