Deck 27: Plant Form and Function

Question 1

A cuticle

A)resists water loss.
B)covers epidermal cells.
C)may contain waxes and cutin.
D)resists attack by microorganisms.
E)has all of these characteristics.

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Which of thesis NOT associatewith sclerenchyma?

A)lignin
B)photosynthesis
C)support
D)sclereids
E)fibers

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Parenchyma cells arspecializefor aninvolvein all EXCEPT which of thfollowing activities?

A)photosynthesis
B)wound healing
C)conduction of food
D)secretion
E)food storage

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Cells that arthmain water-conducting cells of a plant are

A)sclereids.
B)tracheids and vessel members.
C)sieve tubes.
D)parenchyma.
E)all of these.

Question 5

Thcells that function with thsievtubes arthe

A)vessels.
B)companion cells.
C)adjunct cells.
D)sclereids.
E)tracheids

Question 6

Thtissusystems of throot anshoot systearclassifieas

A)ground tissue.
B)dermal tissue.
C)vascular tissue.
D)ground and dermal tissues.
E)ground, dermal, and vascular tissues.

Question 7

If a mutation preventethformation of lignin, which tissuwoulbmost affected?

A)vascular cambium
B)parenchyma
C)collenchyma
D)sclerenchyma
E)all of these

Question 8

Sclereids arfounin

A)root tips.
B)seed coats.
C)mesophyll cells that produce food.
D)cortex cells that store food.
E)epidermal cells.

Question 9

Thgritty stoncells of pears, thharcells of seecoats, anplant fibers arexamples of

A)xylem.
B)collenchyma.
C)phloem.
D)sclerenchyma.
E)parenchyma.

Question 10

Which of thfollowing statements concerning xyleis NOT correct?

A)Each xylem vessel is one continuous cell.
B)The direction of flow is mainly from root upward.
C)Water and minerals are transported.
D)Tracheids and vessel members participate.
E)There are pits in the walls.

Question 11

Approximately how many species of flowering plants arknown?

A)100,000
B)180,000
C)260,000
D)360,000
E)480,000

Question 12

Plant tissunotefor storage, secretion, anregeneration is

A)vascular cambium.
B)parenchyma.
C)collenchyma.
D)sclerenchyma.
E)none of these.

Question 13

Thchewy, stringy supporting strands in celery arwhich cells?

A)xylem
B)collenchyma
C)phloem
D)sclerenchyma
E)parenchyma

Question 14

Most of thplant body is composeof

A)dermal tissue.
B)root tissue.
C)ground tissue.
D)vascular tissue.
E)cork tissue.

Question 15

Which of thfollowing cells aralivat maturity?

A)sieve tube members
B)vessel members
C)tracheids
D)vessel members and tracheids
E)sieve tube members and vessel members

Question 16

Which of thfollowing is mismatched?

A)epidermal cells-cutin
B)sclerenchyma-lignin
C)parenchyma-sclereids
D)xylem-water
E)collenchyma-leaf stalks

Question 17

Which of thfollowing woulNOT bconsiderestrengthening, conducting, or supportivtissue?

A)collenchyma
B)xylem
C)fibers
D)parenchyma
E)sclereids

Question 18

Which of thfollowing is NOT part of thplant shoot system?

A)stems
B)roots
C)flowers
D)leaves
E)all of these are parts of the shoot system

Question 19

Thusof plants to clean up environmental contaminants is called

A)photosynthesis.
B)phototropism.
C)bioremediation.
D)phytoremediation.
E)none of these.

Question 20

If cell walls dinot vary in thickness or wernot perforated,

A)xylem and phloem would not be able to function as vascular tissue.
B)gas exchange could not occur across the stomata.
C)water could not enter the epidermal cells of the root.
D)the terminal bud could not cause the stem to elongate.
E)all of these would occur.

Question 21

Thveins of leaves arusefor

A)support.
B)identification.
C)transport of water and nutrients.
D)detachment in the autumn.
E)regeneration.

Question 22

Which of thfollowing is a eudicot?

A)corn
B)lily
C)rose
D)orchid
E)none of these

Question 23

Which of thfollowing statements is FALSE?

A)Xylem tissues conduct water and ions from leaves to roots.
B)Internodes are the spaces between leaves.
C)Cotyledons are leaves within a seed.
D)Ground tissue is the most common type of tissue in a plant.
E)Dermal tissue covers the body of the plant.

Question 24

Thmain photosynthetic area of a leaf is composeof

A)mesophyll.
B)cortex.
C)xylem.
D)epidermis.
E)none of these.

Question 25

Buds arproduced

A)in the axils of leaves.
B)at the very ends of stems.
C)at the nodes.
D)by an apical meristem.
E)in all of these ways.

Question 26

Eudicots havstems

A)with scattered vascular bundles.
B)with a pith and cortex.
C)with no vascular cambium.
D)that develop only primary tissues.
E)that have none of these characteristics.

Question 27

Photosynthesis takes placin the

A)stomata.
B)vascular bundles.
C)cuticle.
D)lower and upper epidermis.
E)mesophyll tissue.

Question 28

Perpetually young tissues whercells retain thability to dividare

A)vascular.
B)meristematic.
C)protective.
D)photosynthetic.
E)all of these.

Question 29

Thvascular bundles of eudicots separatthgrountissuinto two zones.Which of thfollowing correctly describes tharrangement of theszones?

A)outermost xylem >>> phloem >>> pith >>> cortex
B)outermost phloem >>> xylem >>> pith >>> cortex
C)outermost cortex >>> phloem >>> xylem >>> pith
D)outermost pith >>> phloem >>> xylem >>> cortex
E)outermost cortex >>> xylem >>> phloem >>> pith

Question 30

Growth designateas "primary"

A)occurs along the sides of stems.
B)is dependent upon apical meristem.
C)increases the diameter of older plants.
D)is responsible for additions to woody parts.
E)adds lateral roots.

Question 31

Eudicots havstems

A)with scattered vascular bundles.
B)with a pith and cortex.
C)with no vascular cambium.
D)that develop only primary tissues.
E)that have none of these characteristics.

Question 32

Thstalk that supports thindividual eudicot leaf is the

A)vascular bundle.
B)petiole.
C)node.
D)bundle sheath.
E)stomata.

Question 33

Thcell walls of surface-facing epidermal cells arfillewith which of thfollowing to reducwater loss?

A)cutin
B)pectin
C)lignin
D)cork
E)none of these

Question 34

Which of thfollowing is truof monocots?

A)They have two cotyledons.
B)The leaf veins are usually netlike.
C)They have pollen grains with three pores.
D)Vascular bundles are distributed throughout ground tissue.
E)They have floral parts in multiples of fours and fives.

Question 35

Thtissufounin thcenter of a root is

A)primary xylem.
B)endodermis.
C)cortex.
D)phloem.
E)pith.

Question 36

If you werto penetratthrough thepidermal layer of a root, you woulnext encounter the

A)xylem.
B)endodermis.
C)cortex.
D)phloem.
E)pericycle.

Question 37

A cotyledon is which of thfollowing?

A)embryonic root
B)seed cover
C)flower part
D)a leaf-like structure on plant embryos
E)fruit

Question 38

Stomata

A)are found in the root cells.
B)may be found scattered anywhere throughout the plant.
C)allow the movement of gases into and out of plants.
D)prevent the loss of water from plants.
E)remain open at all times.

Question 39

Roots arinvolvein all EXCEPT which of thfollowing activities?

A)support
B)food storage
C)food production
D)anchorage
E)absorption and conduction

Question 40

Air anwater vapor cross thepidermis via

A)pits.
B)perforations.
C)osmosis.
D)stomata.
E)tracheids.

Question 41

Sapwoois

A)moist, still functioning phloem.
B)in between the heart wood and the bark.
C)produced by the apical meristem of the largest stems on a plant.
D)moist, still functioning xylem.
E)only produced by trees growing in tropical regions of the earth.

Question 42

Which element contributes to water-solutbalances?

A)nitrogen
B)potassium
C)sulfur
D)phosphorus
E)magnesium

Question 43

Which of thfollowing is also a lateral meristem?

A)cork cambium
B)pericycle
C)cortex
D)apical meristem
E)all of these

Question 44

Thsoil particles that holdissolvenutrients best arcomposeof

A)sand.
B)clay.
C)humus.
D)silt.
E)quartzite.

Question 45

Most monocots havnumerous __________ roots arising frothstem.

A)adventitious
B)primary
C)fibrous
D)secondary
E)tap

Question 46

Which of thfollowing statements is FALSE?

A)Xylem conducts water and minerals upward in a plant.
B)Cork cambium and vascular cambium are cells that form lateral meristems.
C)Phloem conducts glucose.
D)Phloem is formed on the inside of vascular cambium, whereas xylem is formed on the outside.
E)The first annual ring of a new year's growth in a tree is called early wood.

Question 47

Secondary xyleis formein association with the

A)pith.
B)inner face of vascular cambium.
C)outer face of vascular cambium.
D)inner face of cork cambium.
E)outer face of cork cambium.

Question 48

Which of thfollowing elements is obtaineby plants directly frothatmosphere?

A)nitrogen
B)hydrogen
C)carbon
D)iron
E)sulfur

Question 49

Which of thfollowing is in contact with thsoil into which it is growing?

A)vascular cylinder
B)apical meristem
C)root cap
D)pericycle
E)outer cortex

Question 50

Chlorosis androopeleaves arcauseby a deficiency of

A)nitrogen.
B)potassium.
C)sulfur.
D)phosphorus.
E)magnesium.

Question 51

Thoxygen needeby plants is ultimately derivefrom

A)aerobic respiration.
B)photosynthesis.
C)anaerobic respiration.
D)electrolysis.
E)lightning discharges.

Question 52

Lateral meristems

A)are groups of dividing cells.
B)are responsible for increases in the width of a stem or root.
C)are also called cambium.
D)produce secondary growth only.
E)include all of these characteristics.

Question 53

Thnodules founon throots of plants callelegumes

A)are abnormal growths.
B)house bacteria.
C)are beneficial to the plant.
D)are abnormal growths and house bacteria.
E)house bacteria and are beneficial to the plant.

Question 54

Which of thfollowing elements requireby plants does NOT comdirectly frothsoil?

A)carbon
B)nitrogen
C)magnesium
D)potassium
E)iron

Question 55

Bark is

A)a mixture of primary xylem and primary phloem.
B)a mixture of secondary xylem and secondary phloem.
C)a mixture of primary xylem and periderm.
D)a mixture of secondary phloem and periderm.
E)a mixture of periderm and cork tissue.

Question 56

Annual growth rings arformein woody stems principally through thactivities of the

A)pericycle.
B)pith.
C)vascular cambium.
D)mesophyll.
E)endodermis.

Question 57

Mycorrhizae

A)increase plant growth.
B)are symbionts.
C)allow a plant to absorb more water.
D)increase the surface area for absorption of water and minerals.
E)have all of these characteristics.

Question 58

Root hairs arthextensions of the

A)apical meristem.
B)epidermal cells.
C)pericycle.
D)vascular bundles.
E)root cap.

Question 59

In an annual trering, thwoowith largdiameter, thin-wallecells is

A)called early wood.
B)the remnant of the bark produced the year before.
C)formed from crushed phloem cells.
D)produced in the winter.
E)called late wood.

Question 60

Plants in general requirhow many essential elements, both macro anmicro, for their growth ansurvival?

A)6
B)12
C)16
D)22
E)28

Question 61

Thsink region in thpressurflow explanation of phloetransport coulbe

A)growing leaves.
B)seeds.
C)fruits.
D)roots.
E)all of these.

Question 62

Water moves through a plant becausof

A)transpirational pull.
B)the cohesion of water molecules.
C)the strength of hydrogen bonds holding water molecules together.
D)the replacement of lost water molecules.
E)all of these.

Question 63

Mycorrhizaare

A)roots.
B)bacteria.
C)fungus roots.
D)isolated plants.
E)small animals found in agricultural soils.

Question 64

Thopenings in leaves that function to exchanggases arcalled

A)cuticles.
B)stomata.
C)guard cells.
D)pits.
E)pores.

Question 65

Thsourcregion in thpressurflow explanation of phloetransport is most often the

A)root.
B)flower.
C)stem.
D)leaf.
E)soil.

Question 66

Thwaxy covering of thleaf is

A)the cuticle.
B)the epidermis.
C)the Casparian strip.
D)the stomata.
E)none of these.

Question 67

Movement of solublorganic material through plants is known as

A)translocation.
B)active transport.
C)passive transport.
D)transpiration.
E)none of these.

Question 68

Most of thwater moving into a leaf is lost through

A)osmotic gradients.
B)transpiration.
C)pressure flow forces.
D)translocation.
E)all of these.

Question 69

Thmost commonly acceptetheory useto explain movement of fooin thphloeis

A)cohesion-tension theory.
B)the pressure flow hypothesis.
C)active transport.
D)dialysis.
E)turgor pressure.

Question 70

Guarcells

A)surround the stoma.
B)control the opening to the interior of the leaf.
C)become swollen when it becomes light, if environmental conditions are not too hot or dry.
D)absorb water from surrounding epidermal cells.
E)do all of these.

Question 71

Thmovement of materials already in thphloeis describeas

A)translocation.
B)declining pressure flow.
C)cohesion-tension.
D)active transport.
E)transpiration.

Question 72

Thwater anminerals absorbeby throots usually first enter the

A)pericycle.
B)vascular tissue.
C)cortex.
D)root hairs.
E)endodermis.

Question 73

Thcells that surrounstomata are

A)endodermal cells.
B)guard cells.
C)mesophyll cells.
D)vascular bundle cells.
E)vessel cells.

Question 74

Which theory of water transport states that hydrogen bonding allows water molecules to maintain a continuous fluicolumn as water is pullefroroots to leaves?

A)pressure flow
B)evaporation
C)cohesion-tension
D)abscission
E)fusion

Question 75

Which of thfollowing statements is FALSE?

A)Transpiration creates a tension on water columns in a plant.
B)Transpiration is the loss of water from a plant in a gaseous form.
C)Water enters a root because of an osmotic gradient.
D)Most of the transpiration in a plant occurs through the cuticle.
E)Molecules of water exhibit cohesion resulting from hydrogen bonding of water molecules.

Question 76

Sugars arcarriethroughout thplant in which tissue?

A)cortex
B)parenchyma
C)xylem
D)phloem
E)cambium

Question 77

Which of thfollowing causes transpiration?

A)hydrogen bonding
B)the drying power of air
C)cohesion-tension
D)evaporation
E)all of these

Question 78

Thstomata

A)only open at night.
B)are open when the guard cells are swollen.
C)close when the swelling of the guard cells increases.
D)are covered by the cuticle to reduce water loss.
E)do all of these.

Question 79

Most of thwater that enters thplant

A)leaves the plant through the root system.
B)is lost through transpiration.
C)remains in the plant to form the high concentration of water in plant tissue.
D)remains in the plant to function in translocation.
E)is used up in cellular metabolism.

Question 80

Water insidall of thxylecells is being pulleupwarprimarily by

A)turgor pressure.
B)negative pressures from the atmosphere (tensions).
C)osmotic gradients.
D)pressure flow forces.
E)active transport.