Deck 7: Chemical Bonding and Molecular Geometry

Question 1

Construct the molecule PF₅ using a molecular modeling software such as Spartan or 3D-ChemDraw. What are the bond angles of the axial fluorine's in the structure? Outcome # 12) DOK 3)

A) 90°
B) 120°
C) 109.5°

Answer 1

90°

Question 2

Which of the following molecules has the greatest bond energy? Outcome # 9) DOK 2)

A) H₂
B) N₂
C) O₂

Answer 2

N₂

Question 3

Construct the molecule IF₅ using a molecular modeling software such as Spartan or 3D-ChemDraw. What are the bond angles of the equatorial fluorine's in the structure? Outcome # 12) DOK 3)

A) 90°
B) 120°
C) 109.5°

Answer 3

90°

Question 4

Which of the following diatomic molecules is joined by a double covalent bond? Outcome # 1,2,9) DOK 1

A) Cl₂
B) O₂
C) N₂

Question 5

A diatomic molecule with a triple covalent bond is _____. Outcome # 1,2,9) DOK 1

A) O₂
B) F₂
C) N₂

Question 6

Based off periodic trends, which of the following has the strongest lattice energy? Outcome # 9) DOK 3)

A) aluminum chloride
B) calcium chloride
C) sodium chloride

Question 7

Which one of these compounds is an ionic compound? Outcome # 1,2) DOK 1

A) Na₂O
B) CO₂
C) N₂

Question 8

A molecule that has a single covalent bond is _____. Outcome # 1,2,9) DOK 1

A) CO₂
B) CO
C) Cl₂

Question 9

According to the octet rule, a magnesium atom has a tendency to Outcome # 1,2,9) DOK 1

A) lose one electron.
B) lose two electrons.
C) gain one electron.

Question 10

Which of the following is an ionic compound? Outcome # 1,2) DOK 1

A) CO
B) HCl
C) Na₂O

Question 11

According to the octet rule, which of elements will have a tendency to loss 2 electrons? Outcome # 9) DOK 1)

A) strontium
B) oxygen
C) cesium

Question 12

What type of bond will typically form between boron and hydrogen based on their electronegativity? Outcome # 9) DOK 2)

A) metallic
B) ionic
C) covalent

Question 13

According to VSEPR theory, the shape of an ammonium ion, NH₄⁺, is most similar to __________. Outcome # 1,2) DOK 2

A) CH₄
B) BH₃
C) N₂

Question 14

Construct the molecule PF₅ using a molecular modeling software such as Spartan or 3D-ChemDraw. What are the bond angles of the equatorial fluorine's in the structure? Outcome # 12) DOK 3)

A) 90°
B) 120°
C) 109.5°

Question 15

Which one of the following elements does not exist as a diatomic molecule in nature? Outcome # 1,2,9) DOK 1

A) hydrogen
B) nitrogen
C) neon

Question 16

According to periodic trends, which element is the most electronegative? Outcome # 2) DOK 1)

A) Ne
B) O
C) F

Question 17

Which of the following pairs of elements can be joined by a covalent bond? Outcome # 1,2,9) DOK 1

A) N and C
B) Na and C
C) Mg and C

Question 18

Construct the molecule IF₅ and PF₅ using a molecular modeling software such as Spartan or 3D-ChemDraw. How do the molecular shapes differ? Outcome # 12) DOK 3)

A) In IF₅ there is a lone pair of electrons on iodine where as in PF₅ there are no lone pairs on phosphorus. As a result, the molecular shape of IF₅ is square pyramidal and PF₅ is trigonal bipyramidal.
B) In PF₅ there is a lone pair of electrons on phosphorus where as in IF₅ there are no lone pairs on iodine. As a result, the molecular shape of PF₅ is square pyramidal and IF₅ is trigonal bipyramidal.
C) In IF₅ there is a lone pair of electrons on iodine where as in PF₅ there are no lone pairs on phosphorus. As a result, the molecular shape of IF₅ is octahedral and PF₅ is trigonal bipyramidal.

Question 19

What is the electron group EG) and molecular geometry MG) of an ammonium ion? Outcome # 2) DOK 2)

A) EG) tetrahedral and MG) tetrahedral
B) EG) tetrahedral and MG) trigonal pyramidal
C) EG) tetrahedral and MG) bent

Question 20

What is the electron group EG) and molecular geometry MG) of an ammonia molecule? Outcome # 2) DOK 2) Paired item 1)

A) EG) tetrahedral and MG) tetrahedral
B) EG) tetrahedral and MG) trigonal pyramidal
C) EG) tetrahedral and MG) bent

Question 21

The halogens have how many valence electrons? Outcome # 1,9) DOK 1)

A) 4
B) 6
C) 7

Question 22

Using VSEPR theory, predict the electron group geometry, molecular shape, and the bond angles in a molecule that contains 5 electron groups 2 bonds and 3 lone pair electrons). Outcome # 12) DOK 2) Paired item 1)

A) trigonal bipyramidal, linear, 180°
B) trigonal bipyramidal, trigonal bipyramidal, 90° and 120°
C) trigonal bipyramidal, trigonal bipyramidal, 180°

Question 23

How many electrons are shared in a single covalent bond? Outcome # 1,9) DOK 1)

A) 2
B) 3
C) 1

Question 24

Based off the following data, what is the lattice energy of sodium chloride? Outcome # 11) DOK 2) ΔH_sub of Na = 108 kJ/mol
D_o of Cl₂ = 243 kJ/mol
IE of Nag) = 496 kJ/mol
EA of Clg) = -349 kJ/mol
ΔH_f of NaCl = -411 kJ/mol

A) -1490 kJ/mol
B) -909 kJ/mol
C) -788 kJ/mol

Question 25

Using VSEPR theory, predict the molecule shape of a molecule that contains 2 electron groups. Outcome # 12) DOK 1)

A) trigonal planar
B) linear
C) bent

Question 26

Which of the following diatomic molecules is joined by a double covalent bond? Outcome # 1,9) DOK 2)

A) Cl₂
B) O₂
C) N₂

Question 27

According to the octet rule, a magnesium atom has a tendency to Outcome # 1,9) Dok 2)

A) lose one electron.
B) lose two electrons.
C) gain one electron.

Question 28

Construct the molecule H₂O using a molecular modeling software such as Spartan or 3D-ChemDraw. What are the bond angles in the structure? Outcome # 12) DOK 2)

A) 104.5°
B) 107°
C) 109.5°

Question 29

Construct the molecule CH₄ using a molecular modeling software such as Spartan or 3D-ChemDraw. What are the bond angles in the structure? Outcome # 12) DOK 2)

A) 104.5°
B) 107°
C) 109.5°

Question 30

Using VSEPR theory, predict the electron group geometry, molecular shape, and the bond angles in a molecule that contains 4 electron groups 3 bonds and 1 lone pair electrons). Outcome # 12) DOK 2)

A) tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, >109.5°
B) tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, <109.5°
C) tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal, 109.5°

Question 31

In an ionic bond, the charge on the cation i.e. the metal) is Outcome # 1,7,9) DOK 1)

A) always positive.
B) always negative.
C) either positive or negative.

Question 32

Construct the molecule NH₃ using a molecular modeling software such as Spartan or 3D-ChemDraw. What are the bond angles in the structure? Outcome # 12) DOK 2)

A) 104.5°
B) 107°
C) 109.5°

Question 33

Using VSEPR theory, predict the molecular shape and bond angles in BCl₃. Outcome # 12) DOK 2)

A) trigonal planer, 120°
B) trigonal pyramidal, 120°
C) trigonal bent, 120°

Question 34

A molecule that has a single covalent bond is _____. Outcome # 1,9) DOK 1)

A) CO₂
B) CO
C) Cl₂

Question 35

A covalent bond is formed when two atoms Outcome # 1,9) DOK 2)

A) share an electron with each other.
B) share one or more pairs of electrons with each other.
C) gain electrons.

Question 36

A diatomic molecule with a triple covalent bond is _____. Outcome # 1,9) DOK 2)

A) O₂
B) F₂
C) N₂

Question 37

According to the octet rule, a bromine atom has a tendency to Outcome # 1,9) DOK 2)

A) lose one electron.
B) lose two electrons.
C) gain one electron.

Question 38

How many electrons are shared in a double covalent bond? Outcome # 1,9) DOK 1)

A) 3
B) 4
C) 2

Question 39

Using VSEPR theory, predict the electron group geometry, molecular shape, and the bond angles in a molecule that contains 6 electron groups 5 bonds and 1 lone pair electrons). Outcome # 12) DOK 2) Paired item 2)

A) octahedral, octahedral, 90°
B) octahedral, square planar, 90°
C) octahedral, square pyramidal, 90°

Question 40

The bond angles in CH₄, NH₃, and H₂O are 109.5°, 107°, and 104.5°, respectfully. Which of the statements best describes the variance in bond angles? Outcome # 12) DOK 3)

A) CH₄ has no lone pairs of electrons on the central atom so the optimal molecular shape would be tetrahedral with bond angles of 109.5°. In NH₃ and H₂O there are 1 and 2 lone pairs, respectfully, so more repulsion exists between the bonds and lone pairs, as a result, the bond angles are less than 109.5°.
B) NH₃ and H₂O have a trigonal pyramidal and bent molecular shape, respectfully, which is the reason why the bond angles are less than 109.5°.
C) CH₄ only has nonpolar bonds while NH₃ and H₂O have polar bonds which results in the difference in bond angels.

Question 41

Based off molecular polarity determined by VSEPR theory, which of the following would be soluble in methanol? Outcome # 8) DOK 3)

A) heptane
B) ethanol
C) pentane

Question 42

Based off molecular polarity determined by VSEPR theory, which of the following would be insoluble in CCl₄? Outcome # 8) DOK 3)

A) methanol
B) octane
C) hexane

Question 43

_____ is a diatomic molecule that has a double covalent bond. Outcome # 9) DOK 2)

A) Br₂
B) I₂
C) O₂

Question 44

What is the molecular shape and polarity for xenon tetrafluoride? Outcome # 9) DOK 3)

A) square-planar and polar
B) square-planar and non-polar
C) tetrahedral and non-polar

Question 45

An _____ reaction results when the energy released by the formation of products is greater than the energy required to break the bonds in the reactants. Outcome # 3) DOK 1)

A) exergonic
B) endothermic
C) exothermic

Question 46

Which molecule has only covalent bonds? Outcome # 9) DOK 1)

A) CO₂
B) Al₂O₃
C) Mg₃N₂

Question 47

Based off molecular polarity determined by VSEPR theory, in which solvent would glucose be the least soluble? Outcome # 8) DOK 3)

A) CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃
B) CH₃OH
C) H₂O

Question 48

Why are detergents and soaps good at cleaning up oily stains from dishes or clothing? Outcome # 8) DOK 3)

A) Detergents and soaps work well to clean up oily messes because they are amphiphilic in nature so they contain both hydrophilic polar) and hydrophobic non-polar) ends. The hydrophobic end attaches to oils via hydrogen bonds creating micelles which leave the hydrophilic part exposed and can be washed away by water.
B) Detergents and soaps work well to clean up oily messes because they are amphiphilic in nature so they contain both hydrophilic non-polar) and hydrophobic polar) ends. The hydrophobic end attaches to oils via London forces creating micelles which leave the hydrophilic part exposed and can be washed away by water.
C) Detergents and soaps work well to clean up oily messes because they are amphiphilic in nature so they contain both hydrophilic polar) and hydrophobic non-polar) ends. The hydrophobic end attaches to oils via London forces creating micelles which leave the hydrophilic part exposed and can be washed away by water.

Question 49

Which compound has only ionic bonds? Outcome # 9) DOK 1) Paired item 1)

A) CO₂
B) Al₂O₃
C) H₂O₂

Question 50

Is it true that a molecule with polar bonds will always be polar? Outcome # 8) DOK 2)

A) that is false, molecular polarity is determined by molecular shape
B) that is true, molecular polarity is determined by bond polarity only
C) that is false, molecular polarity is determined by electron group geometry

Question 51

Which of the following pairs of elements can be joined by a covalent bond? Outcome # 1,9) DOK 2)

A) N and C
B) Na and C
C) Mg and C

Question 52

The octet rule states that main group elements in the periodic table react to achieve a filled valence shell which consists of how many electrons? Outcome # 9) DOK 1)

A) 2
B) 4
C) 8

Question 53

How many polar bonds does CH₄ contain? Outcome # 9) DOK 1)

A) 0
B) 2
C) 4

Question 54

Which element contains triple covalent bonds? Outcome # 9) DOK 1)

A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
C) iodine

Question 55

Which statement best describes a bond forming between fluorine and iodine? Outcome # 8) DOK 3)

A) fluorine and iodine are in the same group so the electron density in the bond is equaling shared giving rise to a non-polar bond
B) fluorine is more electronegative than iodine so it will attract the electron density in the bond giving rise to a polar bond
C) fluorine is less electronegative than iodine so it will attract the electron density in the bond giving rise to a polar bond

Question 56

An _____ reaction results when the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is greater than the energy released by the formation of products. Outcome # 3) DOK 1)

A) exergonic
B) endothermic
C) exothermic

Question 57

How many non-polar bonds does CH₃OH contain? Outcome # 9) DOK 1)

A) 2
B) 3
C) 4

Question 58

What is the molecular shape of CO₂? Outcome # 9) DOK 1)

A) linear
B) bent
C) trigonal planar

Question 59

Which of the following elements are found in the p-block and can form an octet? Outcome # 7) DOK 1)

A) He, P, S, As
B) P, S, O, C
C) He, Ar, Kr, Ne

Question 60

Based off molecular polarity determined by VSEPR theory, in which solvent would NaCl be the most soluble? Outcome # 8) DOK 3)

A) CH₃OH
B) CH₃CH₂OH
C) H₂O

Question 61

How many polar bonds does CCl₄ have in its structure? Outcome # 9) DOK 1)

A) 0
B) 2
C) 4