Deck 8: The Brain Is Conscious

Question 1

Which of the following is a key process that occurs during the sleep state:

A) Memory consolidation
B) selective attention
C) conscious problem solving
D) executive control functions

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following is true of executive control processes?

A) They occur during the waking state
B) They are mediated by the basal ganglia
C) They are generally nonconscious
D) All of the above

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Three global brain states described are:

A) Waking, sleeping, and dreaming
B) Alert, drowsy, and sleepy
C) Conscious, unconscious, and dreaming
D) Voluntary, involuntary, and executive attention

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following is the best example of the 'chattering' brain analogy?

A) Rhythmic activity across a large number of people such as football fans performing 'the wave' at a football game
B) Local synchrony such as a conversation between two individuals in a football arena combined with global randomness lack of global synchrony) as there are hundreds of such local conversations that are not linked to each other
C) Global synchrony such as all of the fans in a football arena cheering at the same time when a goal is scored
D) All of the above

Question 5

What happens when a stimulus appears at an unexpected location in a flanker task?

A) subjects must continue to attend to the cued side and not to the stimulus
B) executive attention is involved
C) areas that maintain attention on the cued side are different from those that guide visual attention to expected stimulus
D) all of the above are true

Question 6

According to the model by Itti and Koch 2001), salience maps refer to:

A) The bottom-up processes used when listening to several speakers at the same time
B) The top-down processes used when planning a motor event such as reaching for a cup of coffee
C) A method for visual cortex to decode many types of features in a visual scene, especially those that are noteworthy or unusual
D) The shared attention between incoming visual images

Question 7

Conscious experiences can include which of the following:

A) Planning a task during the waking state
B) Dreaming during rapid eye movement REM) sleep
C) Voluntary control of attention
D) All of the above

Question 8

Which of the following are major functions of the conscious state?

A) Rapid adaption to new situations
B) Limited capacity for competing sensory information such as two people speaking to you at the same time
C) Voluntary decision making
D) All of the above

Question 9

An important aspect of the waking state is that:

A) Most tasks are consciously mediated, involving attention and working memory processes
B) Includes both conscious and unconscious processes
C) Has tasks with both reportable and nonreportable components
D) All of the above

Question 10

Your friend wants a suggestion for an experiment measuring selective attention. You recommend

A) having participants find the blue shape amid different red shapes and timing how long it takes to name the shape
B) having participants listen to a recording that plays his voice out of one side of a headphone set and your voice out of the other, and to repeat what they hear
C) having participants view a series of numbers presented briefly on the screen, and rehearse them mentally in order to write them down
D) having participants try and recall their second birthday and describe the emotions they felt