Deck 19: Drifting Toward Disunion, 1854-1861

Question 1

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"Bleeding Kansas"

Answer 1

Student answers will vary.

Question 2

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Jefferson Davis

Answer 2

Student answers will vary.

Question 3

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Abraham Lincoln

Answer 3

Student answers will vary.

Question 4

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​nativism

Question 5

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Harriet Beecher Stowe

Question 6

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John C. Breckenridge

Question 7

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Brown

Question 8

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
James Buchanan

Question 9

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
self-determination

Question 10

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Hinton R. Helper

Question 11

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Uncle Tom's Cabin

Question 12

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
New England Immigrant Aid Society

Question 13

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Dred Scott

Question 14

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John C. Fremont

Question 15

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
John Crittenden

Question 16

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Pottawatomie Creek massacre

Question 17

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Roger Taney

Question 18

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Charles Sumner

Question 19

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
The Impending Crisis of the South

Question 20

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
nationalism in the South

Question 21

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
panic of 1857

Question 22

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Constitutional Union party

Question 23

Harriet Beecher Stowe was described by President Abraham Lincoln as

A)a troublemaker.
B)a radical abolitionist.
C)the woman who wrote the book that started the Civil War.
D)the force behind the Underground Railroad.
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 24

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Lecompton Constitution

Question 25

Uncle Tom's Cabin may be described as

A)a firsthand account of slavery.
B)a success only in the United States.
C)a romanticized account of slavery.
D)having little effect on the start of the Civil War.
E)a powerful political force.

Question 26

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Harpers Ferry raid

Question 27

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
American or Know-Nothing party

Question 28

Hinton R. Helper's book, The Impending Crisis of the South, argued that those who suffered most from slave labor were

A)African Americans.
B)southern planters.
C)northern Republican abolitionists.
D)western farmers.
E)nonslaveholding southern whites.

Question 29

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Lincoln-Douglas debates

Question 30

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Confederate States of America

Question 31

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Freeport Doctrine

Question 32

As a result of reading Uncle Tom's Cabin, many northerners

A)found the book's portrayal of slavery too extreme.
B)vowed to halt British and French efforts to help the Confederacy.
C)rejected Hinton Helper's picture of the South and slavery.
D)would have nothing to do with the enforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law.
E)sent guns to antislavery settlers in Kansas ("Beecher's Bibles").

Question 33

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Tariff of 1857

Question 34

The roots of Harriet Beecher Stowe's antislavery sentiments lay in the

A)evangelical religious revivals of the Second Great Awakening.
B)rationalist theories of the Enlightenment.
C)economic theories of Robert Owen and Karl Marx.
D)evangelical ideas of Jonathan Edwards and First Great Awakening.
E)feminist ideals of the Seneca Falls Convention.

Question 35

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
"Beecher's Bibles"

Question 36

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
​Freeport question

Question 37

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Dred Scott decision

Question 38

Identify and state the historical significance of the following:
Crittenden Compromise

Question 39

When the people of Britain and France read Uncle Tom's Cabin, their governments

A)realized that intervention in the Civil War on behalf of the South would not be popular.
B)concluded that they must end slavery in their own territory.
C)decided to give aid to the slaveholding South.
D)banned the book.
E)distributed the book as anti-American propaganda.

Question 40

Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin

A)intended to show the cruelty of slavery.
B)was prompted by passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
C)comprised the recollections of a long-time personal witness to the evils of slavery.
D)received little notice at the time it was published but became widely read during the Civil War.
E)portrayed blacks as militant resisters to slavery.

Question 41

The Republicans lost the 1856 election in part because of

A)southern threats that a Republican victory would tantamount be a declaration of war.
B)lingering support for slavery in the North.
C)northern bullyism.
D)the North's unwillingness at this stage to let the South depart in peace.
E)the division between Democrats and Know-Nothings.

Question 42

In 1856, the breaking point over slavery in Kansas came with

A)the arrival of John Brown.
B)a deadly armed attack and partial burning of the the free-soil town of Lawrence by a gang of proslavery raiders.
C)the influx of a large number of slaves.
D)the establishment of evangelical abolitionist churches.
E)the passage of the Lecompton Constitution.

Question 43

For a majority of northerners, the MOST outrageous part of the several objectionable parts of the U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger Taney's majority opinion (decision) in the Dred Scott case was that the Court ruled that

A)the Constitution could not be amended to prohibit slavery because that such an amendment would violate Americans' Fifth Amendment property rights.
B)Scott did not automatically become free when his owner took him through free states and territories.
C)Congress never had the constitutional power to prohibit slavery in any territory.
D)black slaves did not have the constitutional power to sue in federal courts to win their freedom.
E)the Bill of Rights did not apply even to free African Americans.

Question 44

In "Bleeding Kansas" in the mid-1850s, ____ was/were identified with the proslavery element, and ____ was/were associated with the antislavery free-soilers.

A)Beecher's Bibles; border ruffians
B)John Brown; Preston Brooks
C)the Pottawatomie massacre; the sack of Lawrence
D)the Lecompton Constitution; the New England Immigrant Aid Society
E)Stephen A.Douglas; William Sumner

Question 45

In the presidential election of 1856, the Republicans

A)although not victorious, revealed impressive popular appeal in the Northeast and parts of the West for the first presidential election.
B)lost behind their most popular leader, Senator William Seward.
C)made their debut as the most successful third party in American history.
D)proved unable to present a clear platform on slavery expansion.
E)finished third behind the Democrats and the Know-Nothings.

Question 46

The Lecompton Constitution proposed that the state of Kansas

A)be free of all slavery.
B)hold a popular referendum on slavery.
C)be controlled by the free-soilers if approved.
D)allow slavery but prohibit slave auctions.
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 47

The decision rendered in the Dred Scott case was applauded by

A)abolitionists.
B)Republicans.
C)popular sovereignty proponents.
D)proslavery southerners.
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 48

As late as 1856, many northerners were still willing to vote Democratic instead of Republican because

A)of innate liberalism.
B)the Democrats consistently presented superior presidential and congressional candidates to the other parties.
C)many Democrats involved in interstate commerce did not want to lose their profitable business connections with the South.
D)the Democrats were the only national party.
E)the presidential Democratic candidates were the only major or minor party candidates truly committed to preserving the Union at almost any cost.

Question 49

The situation in Kansas in the mid-1850s indicated the impracticality of ____ in the territories.

A)abolitionism
B)free soil
C)popular sovereignty
D)slavery
E)cotton growing

Question 50

The Lecompton Constitution was written so that Kansas

A)could enter the Union as either a slave state or a free state.
B)would hold a popular referendum on slavery after admission to the Union.
C)would permit temporary residents like the abolitionists and border ruffians to vote.
D)would allow slavery but prohibit the slave trade.
E)would continue to permit slavery for owners of slaves who held slaves in Kansas at the time of the ratification vote, even if the voters of Kansas enacted the Lecompton Constitution "without slavery."

Question 51

The clash and political fallout between Congressman Preston S. Brooks of South Carolina and Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts in 1856 revealed that

A)despite stark differences over the issue of slavery, a political compromise and consensus over slavery was likely to emerge in Congress.
B)the importance of honor to northerners.
C)despite divisions over slavery, the House of Representatives would unite to expel a member for bad conduct.
D)passions over slavery were becoming dangerously inflamed in both North and South.
E)there were stark divisions between the House and the Senate over slavery in the Democratic party.

Question 52

In 1855, proslavery southerners regarded Kansas as

A)territory governed by the Missouri Compromise.
B)slave territory worth contesting against antislavery northerners to determine the territory's ultimate political status.
C)geographically unsuitable for slavery.
D)too close to free states for slavery to be practical.
E)a test for slavery in wheat-growing areas.

Question 53

Arrange these events in chronological order: (A) Dred Scott decision, (B) Lincoln-Douglas debates, (C) Kansas-Nebraska Act, and (D) Harpers Ferry raid.

A)A, C, B, D
B)B, D, C, A
C)C, A, B, D
D)D, B, A, C
E)A, C, D, B

Question 54

In ruling on the Dred Scott case, the United States Supreme Court

A)freed Dred Scott but upheld the Missouri Compromise.
B)denied Scott's appeal but held that slaves could not be taken into free territories.
C)essentially upheld the doctrine of popular sovereignty.
D)tried to settle the immediate issue on technical legal grounds.
E)issued a broad judicial decision ruling that Congress could not prohibit slavery in the federal territories.

Question 55

The MOST significant result of the election of 1856 was that it

A)showed that the Democrats still remained the majority party in the country.
B)demonstrated the importance of charismatic leadership in the presidency.
C)foreshadowed an ominous sectional clash over slavery in the election of 1860.
D)offered the prospect of a viable presidential candidacy for Illinois Senator Stephen Douglas in 1860.
E)signalled the demise of the Know-Nothing (American) Party.

Question 56

In the Dred Scott case, the U.S. Supreme Court made all of the following determinations except

A)it ruled that Dred Scott was a slave, not a citizen, and therefore could not sue in federal court.
B)it said that because slaves were private property, they could be taken into free or slave territories.
C)it decided that slaves brought into territories north of the 36º 30´ line were considered free.
D)it declared that the Constitution protected slave owners' rights to property no matter where they resided.
E)it stated that Scott should be returned to slavery.

Question 57

The central plank(s) of the Know-Nothing party in the 1856 election was/were

A)popular sovereignty.
B)expansionism.
C)proslavery.
D)abolitionism.
E)antiforeignism and anti-Catholicism.

Question 58

President James Buchanan's decision on Kansas's Lecompton Constitution

A)hopelessly divided the Democratic party.
B)admitted Kansas to the Union as a free state.
C)admitted Kansas to the Union as a slave state.
D)reaffirmed the Democratic party as a national party.
E)turned the focus of controversy to Nebraska.

Question 59

In 1857, the Supreme Court ruled in the Dred Scott decision that

A)slavery was inconsistent with the constitution and must be abolished.
B)protection of slavery was guaranteed in all the territories of the United States.
C)slavery would be constitutional only in those areas that were already slave territories.
D)abolition of slavery would be done only in those areas in which it is already abolished.
E)slavery was constitutional, but the slave trade was unconstitutional.

Question 60

James Buchanan won the Democratic nomination for the presidency in 1856 because he

A)campaigned against the policy of popular sovereignty.
B)had gained fame as a western explorer and soldier.
C)controlled the key swing state of Pennsylvania.
D)had extensive administrative and foreign policy experience.
E)could distance himself and the Democrats from the Kansas-Nebraska Act.

Question 61

In the North, the panic of 1857 created calls for

A)an end to the gold standard and dependence on British investment.
B)free homesteads and higher protective tariffs.
C)price supports for farmers.
D)federal regulation of land and stock speculation.
E)All of these choices are correct.

Question 62

Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 Republican party presidential nomination in part because he

A)had been a strong supporter of William Seward.
B)had never taken a stand on the issue of slavery in the territories.
C)had made fewer enemies than front-runner William Seward.
D)had more political experience than his opponents.
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 63

President James Buchanan declined to use force to keep the seven southern secessionist states in the Union for all of the following reasons except

A)northern public opinion would not support it.
B)the army was needed to control Indians in the West.
C)he believed that the Constitution required Congressional approval of the use of force.
D)a slim chance of reconciliation remained.
E)he was surrounded by prosouthern advisers who had advised him not use military force against the southern states threatening to secede from the Union.

Question 64

John Brown's execution produced all of the following results except

A)Harriet Tubman praised Brown's support of freedom for slaves.
B)abolitionists and free-soilers were outraged.
C)Ralph Waldo Emerson and other northerners hailed him as a martyr, much like Jesus.
D)Southerners wondered how they could stay in the Union.
E)Brown's bloody past prior to the Harper's Ferry raid was exposed and he was discredited.

Question 65

The immense debt owed to northern creditors by the South was

A)repaid immediately after the Civil War.
B)repudiated by the South.
C)paid by pro-Union southerners during the war.
D)not repaid until the twentieth century.
E)converted into long-term Confederate bonds.

Question 66

Abraham Lincoln opposed the Crittenden Compromise because

A)it allowed the doctrine of popular sovereignty to be overridden once statehood was achieved.
B)it permitted slavery in the Utah territory.
C)its adoption might provoke Kentucky to leave the Union.
D)he felt bound by President Buchanan's earlier rejection of it.
E)he had been elected on a platform that opposed the extension of slavery.

Question 67

The panic of 1857

A)was caused by overproduction of southern cotton.
B)hit hardest among grain growers of the Northwest.
C)finally brought most southern congressmen to support free homesteads.
D)stimulated northern demands for lower tariff rates.
E)demonstrated the economic dominance of the North.

Question 68

All of the following are true statements about southerners in the secession movement except

A)they regarded their region as a subnation with a distinct culture from the North.
B)the southern secessionists were inspired by worldwide impulses of nationalism.
C)they were dismayed by the political triumph of the new sectional Republican party, which seemed to threaten their "property" rights as a slaveholding minority.
D)a majority of southern secessionists believed the South had an absolute right to resume importation of slaves from Africa.
E)the development of the Underground Railroad and John Brown's raid represented two examples in secessionist southerners' minds of undue and unwarranted northern influence in southern political, economic, and social affairs.

Question 69

​Each of the following multiple choice questions has multiple correct responses. Select the correct responses for each of the following questions.
In the Dred Scott case, the Supreme Court ruled that

A)Dred Scott was not a citizen of the United States.
B)Dred Scott could not legally sue in a federal court.
C)the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.
D)Congress had no power to ban slavery from a federal territory, even if a territorial legislature had voted to do so.
E)free blacks who were citizens had no right to sue federal court.

Question 70

After John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, the South concluded that

A)the raid was an isolated incident.
B)the U.S.army could not protect slavery.
C)Brown should be put in an insane asylum.
D)Brown had been attempting to defend his right to own slaves.
E)the North was dominated by "Brown-loving" Republicans.

Question 71

​Each of the following multiple choice questions has multiple correct responses. Select the correct responses for each of the following questions.
Kansas Territory's Lecompton Constitution was supported by

A)President James Buchanan.
B)Stephen A.Douglas.
C)the Republican party.
D)proslavery settlers in Kansas.
E)Henry Ward Beecher.

Question 72

As a result of the panic of 1857, the South

A)became more economically dependent on the North.
B)became hostile to Wall Street and the stock market.
C)overconfidently believed that it was now economically superior to the North.
D)stopped considering the viability of an independent southern nation.
E)saw the need to develop manufacturing.

Question 73

Secessionists supported leaving the Union for all of the following reasons except

A)they were dismayed by the success of the Republican party.
B)they believed that the North would not oppose their departure.
C)the political balance seemed to be tipping against them.
D)they were tired of abolitionist attacks.
E)they believed that Republicans had been infiltrating their political ranks.

Question 74

In his raid on Harpers Ferry, John Brown intended to

A)call upon the slaves to rise and establish a black free state.
B)arouse the South to secede from the Union.
C)stir West Virginia to break away from Virginia as a free state.
D)demonstrate that blacks could fight for their freedom.
E)seize weapons to start a guerrilla war against the federal government.

Question 75

In declaring their independence, the Confederate States asserted that they were following the historical example of the

A)nullification crisis in South Carolina.
B)principles of self-determination of the Declaration of Independence.
C)Texas declaration of independence from Mexico.
D)French Revolution.
E)Mexican Revolution toppling Spanish colonial rule.

Question 76

​Each of the following multiple choice questions has multiple correct responses. Select the correct responses for each of the following questions.
Before his presidential nomination by the Republican party in 1860, Abraham Lincoln had been

A)a Jacksonian Democrat.
B)a state legislator in Illinois.
C)a United States congressman from Illinois.
D)the vice-presidential candidate of the Republican party in 1856.
E)a failed candidate for the United States Senate.

Question 77

In the election of 1860, the Constitutional Union party was formed

A)to show support for the Constitution and the decisions made by the United States Supreme Court.
B)as a middle-of-the-road party seeking to prevent the break up of the Union.
C)to help catapult the country into a Civil War.
D)as an antislavery southern party that supported Lincoln.
E)as a proslavery northern party.

Question 78

When Abraham Lincoln won the 1860 presidential election, people in South Carolina

A)waited to see how other southern states would act.
B)were very upset because they would have to secede from the Union.
C)vowed to give their loyalty to Stephen Douglas.
D)rejoiced because Lincoln's election as president provided secessionist South Carolinians with the political pretext to vote in the state legislature in favor of secession.
E)accepted the democratic process and vowed to support Lincoln.

Question 79

"Lame-duck" President James Buchanan asserted following the presidential election of 1860 that

A)southern states had a legal right to secede from the Union.
B)southern states did not have any legitimate political or economic grievances against the northern states.
C)the election of 1860 was a fraud.
D)southern states had no choice but to secede from the Union.
E)southern states could not legally secede under the Constitution, but was unable to find the presidential authority under the Constitution to use American armed forces to prevent the seven southern states that had voted for secession from doing so.

Question 80

The government of the Confederate States of America was first organized in

A)Atlanta, Georgia in February 1860.
B)Montgomery, Alabama in February 1861.
C)Richmond, Virginia in February 1861.
D)Knoxville, Tennessee in February 1860.
E)Charleston, South Carolina in February 1861.