Deck 19: Conventional and Complementary Medicine

Question 1

Optometrists are M.D. eye specialists who can perform eye surgery.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Acupuncture is one of two primary treatment methods used in TCM.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Many botanically-based therapies are sold as dietary supplements.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Despite their growing popularity, many conventional and alternative medicine practices remain controversial, and individuals need to be critically aware of safety issues.

Question 5

Severe shortness of breath is one reason to go to the nearest emergency room.

Question 6

Rational testing is based on assumptions.

Question 7

Outdated aspirin can have an acidic odour.

Question 8

Western medicine focuses on the spiritual and psychological aspects of human functioning.

Question 9

If you have a cough that lasts for three weeks, you should consult a physician.

Question 10

Studies show that patients who are more active in interacting with physicians enjoy better health outcomes.

Question 11

Conventional medicine is also known as Western medicine.

Question 12

Hypnosis is a therapy offered only by conventional medical professionals.

Question 13

Herbal remedies are categorized as having yin or yang characteristics.

Question 14

Western medicine is firmly based on the scientific method of obtaining knowledge and explaining health-related phenomena.

Question 15

Although convenient, some online pharmacies may sell products or engage in practices that are illegal.

Question 16

Traditional Chinese medicine focuses on re-establishing balanced flow of qi.

Question 17

Symptoms are often an expression of the body's attempt to heal itself.

Question 18

In homeopathy, the treatment of each patient is determined by specific symptoms rather than the overall condition of the patient.

Question 19

Western medicine identifies the causes of disease as pathogens, genetic factors, and unhealthy lifestyles.

Question 20

Most people using CAM therapies discuss them with their physicians.

Question 21

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the expiration dates of medications?

A) Medications should be disposed of on or before their expiration date.
B) Expiration dates should be ignored; they are used by the manufacturer to increase sales.
C) The best way to get rid of expired medications is to take them to a hospital or pharmacy.
D) Medications don't ever lose their potency if they are sealed tight and stored in a cool, dry place

Question 22

Jonas is having severe chest pains with shortness of breath that has not subsided within the last ten minutes. He should

A) wait at least an hour to see if his symptoms go away.
B) take an over-the-counter medicine and see if he feels better.
C) call and get medical advice over the phone.
D) have someone take him to the nearest emergency room.

Question 23

Fatima has had a cough for three weeks. Which of the following is likely to be Fatima's best option for addressing this symptom?

A) waiting an additional two weeks to see if her condition improves
B) self-treatment
C) checking with a physician
D) going to the emergency room

Question 24

A person should check with a physician about symptoms with any of the following characteristics, EXCEPT symptoms that are

A) recurrent.
B) familiar.
C) persistent.
D) severe.

Question 25

Western medicine traditionally relies on the use of ________ to treat and cure diseases.

A) phytochemicals
B) antioxidants
C) isoflavins
D) pharmaceuticals

Question 26

Which one of the following statements is FALSE regarding managing medical problems?

A) Most symptoms require treatment with OTC drugs or professional assistance.
B) An individual with a chronic condition such as diabetes should consult a physician before using an OTC drug.
C) Professional medical advice is recommended for a symptom that is severe, unusual, persistent, or recurrent.
D) Self-evaluation of symptoms and self-treatment with OTC drugs is a major part of the Canadian health care system.

Question 27

Marc has had a fever for two days. Which of the following is likely to be Marc's best option for addressing this symptom?

A) self-treatment
B) visiting his physician
C) going to the emergency room
D) going to a walk-in clinic

Question 28

Which of the following would NOT be a purpose or condition for which consumers are likely to turn to complementary and alternative medicine?

A) weight loss
B) chronic joint problems
C) smoking cessation
D) broken bones

Question 29

A health care professional who receives medical education very similar to that of medical doctors but whose training emphasizes musculoskeletal problems and manipulative therapy is a

A) doctor of podiatric medicine.
B) doctor of osteopathic medicine.
C) doctor of chiropractic.
D) physical therapist.

Question 30

All the following are appropriate reasons to visit the emergency room at your local hospital, EXCEPT for

A) severe burns.
B) chest pain.
C) sore throat.
D) poisoning.

Question 31

Ramon has been stung by a bee and is now becoming short of breath. Which of the following is likely to be the best strategy for dealing with Ramon's symptom?

A) waiting an hour to see if his condition improves
B) self-treatment with over-the-counter pain medication
C) calling a physician's office for advice
D) going to an emergency room

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a guideline to medicating yourself safely?

A) Store your medication in a cool, dry place that is out of the reach of children.
B) Do not exceed the recommended dosage or length of treatment unless you discuss the change with your physician.
C) Whenever possible, try to buy brand name products as they contain more effective ingredients.
D) Select medications with one active ingredient rather than an "all in one" product.

Question 33

Generic drugs are drugs that

A) require a prescription from your physician.
B) have different ingredients than the brand name product and generally cost more money.
C) are effective but do not have the approval of Health Canada.
D) contain the same active ingredients as the brand name product but generally cost less money.

Question 34

All the following are needed to effectively manage one's medical problems, EXCEPT

A) You need to learn to how to be a good observer and assess your symptoms.
B) You need to be able to decide when to seek professional advice.
C) You need to know how to safely self-treat common medical issues.
D) You need to know how to be critical of what your doctor tells you.

Question 35

With more than 100,000 OTC drugs on the market, about _______ percent of all medications are sold over the counter.

A) 25
B) 40
C) 60
D) 85

Question 36

Explanations of data based on evidence gathered by the senses and via systematic observations are

A) empirical.
B) rational.
C) testable.
D) rigorously evaluated.

Question 37

Which of the following is FALSE regarding over-the-counter medicine?

A) They are medicines that Health Canada through the Food and Drug Act has deemed safe for use without a physician's prescription.
B) Medications must be approved by Health Canada before being available as an over-the-counter product.
C) There are over 100,000 OTC drugs available.
D) Many of these medicines were formerly prescription drugs.

Question 38

Self-assessment of medical symptoms begins with

A) purchase of over-the-counter drugs.
B) observation of your own body.
C) medical self-tests.
D) a phone call to your doctor.

Question 39

Therapies or practices that do NOT form part of conventional health care are called

A) therapeutic treatments.
B) complementary and alternative medicine.
C) nonconventional medicine.
D) holistic medicine.

Question 40

The over-the-counter medication that should NOT be given to children with flu-like symptoms is

A) naproxen sodium.
B) ibuprofen.
C) aspirin.
D) acetaminophen.

Question 41

Joan's doctor has recommended she have heart surgery. Which of the following would NOT be an important question she should ask her doctor?

A) What can I expect before, during, and after the surgery?
B) Why do I need surgery at this time?
C) What are the risks and complications associated with the surgery?
D) How many people decline this surgery?

Question 42

Strategies for good communication with your physician include all the following, EXCEPT:

A) making a written list of questions before your appointment.
B) bringing a list of the medications you are taking to your appointment.
C) saving your major concerns until the doctor brings them up.
D) repeating to the doctor what you understand you're supposed to do.

Question 43

In traditional Chinese medicine, the principle of balance is expressed as

A) yin and yang.
B) vis a vie.
C) chi.
D) prana.

Question 44

Western researchers might explain the effects of acupuncture as being the result of

A) correction of the flow of qi.
B) rebalancing of yin and yang.
C) release of hormones and neurotransmitters.
D) restoration of equilibrium.

Question 45

If a physician prescribes the wrong drug or a dangerous combination of drugs, resulting problems are especially prevalent for ___________, who typically take more medications.

A) children
B) young adults
C) older adults
D) infants

Question 46

Homeopathy is an example of a(n)

A) mind-body intervention.
B) alternative medical system.
C) biological-based therapy.
D) energy therapy.

Question 47

The complementary and alternative medicine therapy that involves the use of highly diluted extracts is

A) traditional Chinese medicine.
B) qigong.
C) Reiki.
D) homeopathy.

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT considered an allied health care provider?

A) psychotherapists
B) registered nurses
C) physical therapists
D) registered dietitians

Question 49

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding medical tests?

A) They are usually ordered by a patient online to help complete the diagnosis.
B) They can provide information for us to aid in better self-help.
C) They are always 100 percent accurate in helping to diagnose a medical problem.
D) They are usually ordered by the physician to complete the diagnosis and can provide information to help solve medical problems.

Question 50

Which of the following is TRUE regarding choosing a primary care physician?

A) You should ask for recommendations from family, friends, or coworkers.
B) The best time to look for a primary care physician is when you are sick and need assistance.
C) You should check to see that your insurance plan does not limit your choices.
D) A more senior physician is always a better choice than a new graduate as they have greater knowledge.

Question 51

Approximately how many prescriptions are filled per person each year in Canada?

A) 5
B) 9
C) 14
D) 20

Question 52

Experts found evidence that acupuncture is effective for

A) relieving pain after surgery.
B) relieving menstrual cramps.
C) preventing headaches.
D) treating carpal tunnel syndrome.

Question 53

The number of inpatient surgeries have _________________ and outpatient surgeries have ______________________in Canada over the past decade?

A) both increased
B) both decreased
C) increased and decreased respectively
D) decreased and increased respectively

Question 54

In traditional Chinese medicine, the life force contained in all living things is called

A) prana.
B) vis vitalis.
C) yang.
D) qi.

Question 55

The first step in the diagnostic process is

A) a physical exam.
B) taking medical tests.
C) a medical history.
D) a second opinion.

Question 56

Which one of the following is NOT considered a mind-body intervention?

A) yoga
B) visualization
C) t'ai chi ch'uan
D) physiotherapy

Question 57

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding off-label use of a drug?

A) More than half of off-label prescriptions are made with ample evidence supporting such use.
B) It occurs most often when doctors err in prescribing a drug.
C) It occurs when a drug is approved by Health Canada for one purpose and then prescribed for purposes not listed on the label.
D) Forty percent of medications used for off-label use result in adverse reactions to the patient.

Question 58

Which of the following is a primary treatment method used in traditional Chinese medicine?

A) massage
B) herbal remedies
C) chiropractic
D) surgery

Question 59

One of the criticisms against alternative medicine remedies, such as those of traditional Chinese medicine, is that

A) they are totally ineffective.
B) they are much more dangerous than traditional Western medicine remedies.
C) their production threatens the existence of several species of plants and animals.
D) they are too expensive.

Question 60

Sean is a basketball player who is having problems with bunions on his feet. With which health care professional should he make an appointment to see?

A) chiropractor
B) podiatrist
C) physical therapist
D) osteopath

Question 61

The most commonly used form of manual healing is

A) acupressure.
B) Rolfing.
C) chiropractic.
D) massage.

Question 62

Examples of recurrent symptoms in which a medical professional should be consulted include all the following, EXCEPT:

A) recurrent headaches.
B) stomach pains.
C) backache.
D) sore ears.

Question 63

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding botanicals?

A) Many botanical products are sold as Health Canada-approved pharmaceuticals.
B) Well-designed clinical studies have been conducted on virtually every type of biologically-based therapy.
C) There is no evidence of any potentially serious drug-herb interaction.
D) Well-designed clinical studies have been conducted on only a small number of botanicals.

Question 64

Which of the following is NOT an emergency for which you should go to the nearest emergency room?

A) severe shortness of breath
B) uncontrollable bleeding
C) minor first-degree burn
D) poisoning or drug overdose

Question 65

During any six-month period, what percentage of Canadians use at least one OTC?

A) 40
B) 57
C) 67
D) 75

Question 66

All the following are true about a DIN, EXCEPT:

A) The DIN is a computer-generated eight-digit number assigned by Health Canada.
B) It is printed on the label of prescription and OTC drug products.
C) The same DIN is assigned to all drugs within the same class.
D) Identifies the manufacturer, product name, active ingredient(s), strength(s) of active ingredient(s), pharmaceutical form, and route of administration.

Question 67

Examples of severe symptoms in which a medical professional should be consulted include all the following, EXCEPT:

A) severe pains.
B) major injuries.
C) emergencies.
D) blurry vision.

Question 68

An individual who has a fever and a sore neck may have which of the following conditions?

A) hepatitis B
B) chicken pox
C) meningitis
D) mumps

Question 69

People who write about traumatic experiences report all the following, EXCEPT:

A) fewer symptoms.
B) fewer visits to the doctor.
C) improved mood.
D) elevated blood pressure

Question 70

Herbal remedies are an example of which of the following domains of complementary and alternative medicine practice?

A) mind-body intervention
B) alternative medical systems
C) biological-based therapy
D) energy therapy

Question 71

Biofield therapies are based around energy fields that are thought to originate

A) from the sun.
B) within the body of the patient.
C) from the environment.
D) from the body of the practitioner.

Question 72

Which practice, or interest, is shared by both conventional Western medicine and complementary and alternative medicine?

A) careful observation of symptoms
B) treatment with remedies derived from plants
C) concern with the patient-physician relationship
D) avoidance of tests and medical imaging

Question 73

What percentage of total health expenditures are out of pocket expenses for Canadians?

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 25

Question 74

Examples of unusual symptoms in which a medical professional should be consulted include all the following, EXCEPT:

A) severe pains.
B) unexplained lumps.
C) changes in a mole.
D) difficulty swallowing.

Question 75

Bioelectromagnetic-based therapies involve the use of electromagnetic fields to treat

A) many forms of cancer.
B) diabetes.
C) asthma.
D) heart disease.

Question 76

Reiki is an example of which of the following domains of complementary and alternative medicine practice?

A) mind-body intervention
B) alternative medical systems
C) biological-based therapy
D) energy therapy

Question 77

What percentage of individuals who engage in expressive writing experience positive changes in their health condition?

A) 20
B) 25
C) 50
D) 65

Question 78

Which of the following are NOT a good non-drug options for self-care?

A) adequate rest
B) exercise
C) massage
D) tylenol

Question 79

All the following are good strategies for evaluating complementary and alternative therapies, EXCEPT:

A) keeping a symptom diary to track pain, fatigue, and other symptoms.
B) checking information posted at the websites for Health Canada and the Natural Health Products.
C) finding out in advance the expected length and cost of treatment.
D) speaking with your physician about the CAM therapy only after you've tried it for a month.

Question 80

Examples of persistent symptoms in which a medical professional should be consulted include all the following, EXCEPT:

A) fever for more than five days.
B) cough lasting more than two weeks.
C) sore that hasn't healed in six weeks.
D) hoarseness lasting longer than three weeks.